Potential intrathecal leakage of solutions injected into the epidural space following combined spinal epidural anaesthesia

Anaesthesia and Intensive Care

Volumn 26, Issue 3, 1998, Pages 256-261

  Vartis, A ^a,c   Collier, C B ^a   Gatt, S P ^a,b  

^a ROYAL HOSPITAL FOR WOMEN   (Australia)

^b Division of Anaesthesia

^c PRINCE OF WALES HOSPITAL   (Australia)

Author keywords

Anaesthetic techniques, Regional: Combined spinal epidural, Epidurography

Indexed keywords

ANALGESIC AGENT; BUPIVACAINE; CONTRAST MEDIUM; FENTANYL; IOHEXOL; OPIATE; PREMIX; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ADULT; ARTICLE; BOLUS INJECTION; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; DRUG MIXTURE; DURA MATER; EPIDURAL ANESTHESIA; EPIDURAL CATHETER; EPIDURAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION; EPIDURAL SPACE; FEMALE; FLUOROSCOPY; HUMAN; INTRATHECAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION; PUNCTURE; SPINAL ANESTHESIA; SUBARACHNOID SPACE;

EID: 0031778511     PISSN: 0310057X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0310057x9802600304     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. Rawal N, Schollin J, Wesstrom G. Epidural versus combined spinal epidural block for Caesarean section. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 1988; 32:61-66.
2. Carrie LES. Extradural spinal or combined block for obstetric surgical anaesthesia. Br J Anaesth 1990; 65:225-233.
3. Lifschitz R, Jedeikin R. Spinal epidural anaesthesia, a new combination system. Anaesthesia 1992; 47:503-505.
4. Swenson JD, Wisniewski M, McJames S, Ashburn MA, Pace NL. The effect of prior dural puncture on cisternal cerebrospinal fluid morphine concentrations in sheep after administration of lumbar epidural morphine. Anesth Analg 1996; 83:523-525.
5. Suzuki N, Koganemaru M, Onizuka S, Takasaki M. Dural puncture with a 26 gauge spinal needle affects the spread of epidural anesthesia. Anesth Analg 1996; 82:1040-1042.
6. Leighton BL, Arkoosh VA, Huffnagle S, Huffnagle HJ, Kinsella M, Norris MC. The dermatomal spread of epidural bupivacaine with and without prior intrathecal sufentanil. Anesth Analg 1996; 83:526-529.
7. Bernards CM, Kopacz DJ, Michel MZ. Effect of needle puncture on morphine and lignocaine flux through the spinal meninges of the monkey in vitro. Implications for combined spinal epidural anesthesia. Anesthesiology 1994; 80:853-858.
8. Myint Y, Bailey PW, Milne BR. Cardiorespiratory arrest following combined spinal epidural anaesthesia. Anaesthesia 1993; 48:684-686.
9. Eldor J, Guedj P, Levine S. Delayed respiratory arrest in combined spinal epidural anaesthesia. Reg Anesth 1994; 19:418-422.
10. Collier CB. Cardiorespiratory arrest following combined spinal epidural anaesthesia. Anaesthesia 1994; 49:259.
11. Joshi GP, McCarroll SM. Evaluation of combined spinal epidural anaesthesia using two different techniques. Reg Anesth 1994; 19:169-174.
12. Hodgkinson R. Total spinal block after epidural injection into an interspace adjacent to an inadvertant dural perforation. Anesthesiology 1981; 55:593-595.
13. Sykes MK. Delayed spinal analgesia. A complication of epidural analgesia. Anaesthesia 1958; 13:78-83.
14. Leach A, Smith GB. Subarachnoid spread of epidural local anaesthetic following dural puncture. Anaesthesia 1988; 43: 671-674.
15. Brindle-Smith G, Barton FL, Watt JH. Extensive spread of local anaesthetic following subdural insertion of an epidural catheter during labour. Anaesthesia 1984; 39:355-358.
16. Robbins PM, Fernando R, Lim GH. Accidental insertion of an extradural catheter during combined spinal extradural anaesthesia for caesarean section. Br J Anaesth 1995; 75:355-357.
17. Blumgart CH, Ryall D, Dennison B, Thompson-Hill LM. Mechanism of extension of spinal anaesthesia by extradural injection of local anaesthetic. Br J Anaesth 1992; 69:457-460.
18. Westbrook JL, Donald F, Carrie LES. An evaluation of a combined spinal epidural needle set utilising a 26-gauge pencil point needle for caesarean section. Anaesthesia 1992; 47:990-992.
19. Collis RE, Davies DWL, Aveling W. Randomised comparison of combined spinal epidural and standard epidural analgesia in labour. Lancet 1995; 345:1413-1416.
20. Norris MC, Grieco WM, Borkowski M, et al. Complications of labour analgesia: epidural versus combined spinal epidural techniques. Anesth Analg 1994; 79:529-537.
21. Telford RJ, Hollway TE. Observations on deliberate puncture with a Tuohy needle: pressure measurements. Anaesthesia 1991; 46:725-727.
22. Collier CB. Accidental subdural block: four more cases and a radiographic review. Anaesth Intensive Care 1992; 20:215-232.
23. Gallart L, Blanco D, Samso E, Vidai F. Clinical and radiologic evidence of the epidural plica mediana dorsalis. Anesth Analg 1990; 71:698-701.
24. Asato F, Goto F. Radiographic findings of unilateral epidural block. Anesth Analg 1996; 83:519-522.
25. Savolaine ER, Pandya JB, Greenblatt SH, Conover SR. Anatomy of the human lumbar epidural space; new insights using CT-epidurography. Anesthesiology 1988; 68:217-220.
26. Van Niekerk J, Bax-Vermerie J, Geurts JWM, Kramer PPG. Epidurography in premature infants. Anaesthesia 1990; 45: 722-725.
27. Gatt SP, Collier CB. Contrast epidurography: Its role in elucidating the causes of unsuccessful or "funny" epidural blocks. Relationship between clinical neuraxial level of epidural block with radiographic contrast spread. Anaesth Intensive Care 1995; 23:241-242.
28. Mehta M, Maher R. Injection into the extra-arachnoid subdural space. Anaesthesia 1977; 32:760-766.
29. Kendal R. Iohexol in paediatric myelography; an open non comparative trial. Neuroradiol 1986; 28:65-68.
30. Mikkonen R. Late and acute adverse reaction to iohexol in a paediatric population. Paed Radiol 1995; 25:350-352.
31. Nestvold K. Sortland O; Lumbar myelography with iohexol: Adverse effects compared with spinal puncture. Acta Radiol 1988; 29:637-640.
32. Nielson ST. Excretion of iohexol and metrizoate in human breast milk. Acta Radiol 28: 523-526.
33. Van Asten. Compatibility of bupivacaine and iohexol in two mixtures for paediatric regional anaesthesia (abstract). Pharm Weekblad 1991, 13:254-256.