Acquisition, maintenance and reinstatement of intravenous cocaine self- administration under a second-order schedule of reinforcement in rats: Effects of conditioned cues and continuous access to cocaine

Psychopharmacology

Volumn 140, Issue 3, 1998, Pages 331-344

  Arroyo, Mercedes ^a   Markou, Athina ^b   Robbins, Trevor W ^a   Everitt, Barry J ^a  

^a UK   (United Kingdom)

^b SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

Addiction; Conditioned reinforcement; Drug seeking; Reinstatement; Reward; Stimulant; Withdrawal

Indexed keywords

COCAINE;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ARTICLE; CONDITIONING; CONTROLLED STUDY; DRUG SELF ADMINISTRATION; DRUG WITHDRAWAL; INTRAVENOUS DRUG ABUSE; MALE; MOTIVATION; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RAT; REINFORCEMENT;

ANIMALS; COCAINE; COCAINE-RELATED DISORDERS; CONDITIONING (PSYCHOLOGY); MALE; RATS; REINFORCEMENT (PSYCHOLOGY); SUBSTANCE ABUSE, INTRAVENOUS; SUBSTANCE WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME;

EID: 0031775440     PISSN: 00333158     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s002130050774     Document Type: Article

References (54)

1. Altman J, Everitt BJ, Glautier S, Markou A, Nutt D, Oretti R, Phillips G, Robbins TW (1996) The biological, social and clinical bases of drug addiction: commentary and debate. Psychopharmacology 125:285-345
2. Arroyo M, Markou A, Robbins TW, Everitt BJ (1996) Drug-seeking behaviour measured using a second-order schedule of I.V. cocaine reinforcement: effects of withdrawal from free access to cocaine. Soc Neurosci Abstr 22:92
3. Bergman J, Madras BK, Johnson SE, Spealman RD (1989) Effects of cocaine and related drugs in nonhuman primates. III. Self-administration by squirrel monkeys. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 251:150-155
4. Caine SB, Lintz R, Koob GF (1992) Intravenous drug self-administration techniques in animals. In: Sahgal A (ed) Behavioral neuroscience: a practical approach. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp 117-143
5. Childress AR, McLellan AT, Ehrman R, O'Brien CP (1988) Classically conditioned responses in opioid and cocaine dependence: a role in relapse? NIDA Res Monogr 84:25-43
6. Childress AR, Ehrman R, Roohsenow DJ, Robbins SJ, O'Brien CP (1992) Classically conditioned factors in drug dependence. In: Lowinson W, Luiz P, Millman RB, Langard JG (eds) Substance abuse: a comprehensive text book. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, pp 56-69
7. Corrigall WA, Coen KM (1989) Fixed-interval schedules for drug self-administration in the rat. Psychopharmacology 99:136-139
8. de Wit H, Stewart J (1983) Drug reinstatement of heroin-reinforced responding in the rat. Psychopharmacology 79:29-31
9. Dougherty J, Pickens R (1973) Fixed-interval schedules of intravenous cocaine presentation in rats. J Exp Anal Behav 20:11-118
10. Everitt BJ, Fray P, Kostarczyk E, Taylor S, Stacey P (1987) Studies of instrumental behavior with sexual reinforcement in male rats (Rattus norvegicus):I. Control by brief visual stimuli paired with a receptive female. J Comp Psychol 101:395-406
11. Fray PF (1980) Onlibasic, a system for experimental control. Trends Neurosci 3:13-14
12. Fry W, Kelleher RT, Cook L (1960) A mathematical index of performance on fixed-interval schedules of reinforcement. J Exp Anal Behav 3:193-199
13. Gawin FH (1991) Cocaine addiction: psychology and neurophysiology. Science 251:1580-1586
14. Gawin FH, Kleber HD (1986) Abstinence symptomatology and psychiatric diagnosis in cocaine abusers: clinical observations. Arch Gen Psychiatry 43:107-113
15. Goldberg SR (1973) Comparable behavior maintained under fixed-ratio and second-order schedules of food presentation, cocaine injection or d-amphetamine injection in the squirrel monkey. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 186:18-30
16. Goldberg SR, Gardner ML (1981) Second-order schedules: extended sequences of behavior controlled by brief environmental stimuli associated with drug self-administration. NIDA Res Monogr 37:241-270
17. Goldberg SR, Kelleher RT, Goldberg DM (1981) Fixed-ratio responding under second-order schedules of food presentation or cocaine injection. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 218:271-281
18. Goldberg SR, Morse WH, Goldberg M (1976) Behavior maintained under a second-order schedule by intramuscular injection of morphine or cocaine in rhesus monkeys. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 199:278-286
19. Goldberg SR, Spealman RD, Kelleher RT (1979) Enhancement of drug-seeking behavior by environmental stimuli associated with cocaine or morphine injections. Neuropharmacology 18: 1015-1017
20. 1 receptor agonists by squirrel monkeys. Psychopharmacology 125:97-104
21. Herling S, Woods JH (1980) Chlorpromazine effects on cocaine-reinforced responding in rhesus monkeys: reciprocal modification of rate-altering effects of the drugs. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 214:354-361
22. Howell LL, Byrd LD (1995) Serotonergic modulation of the behavioral effects of cocaine in the squirrel monkey. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 275:1551-1559
23. Johanson CE (1982) Behavior maintained under fixed-interval and second-order schedules of cocaine or pentobarbital in rhesus monkeys. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 221:384-393
24. Johanson CE, Fischman MW (1989) The pharmacology of cocaine related to its abuse. Pharmacol Rev 41:3-52
25. Katz, J (1979) A comparison of responding maintained under second-order schedules of intramuscular cocaine injection or food presentation in squirrel monkeys. J Exp Anal Behav 32:419-431
26. Kelleher RT (1966) Chaining and conditioned reinforcement. In: Honig WK (ed) Operant behavior: areas of research and applications. Appleton-Century Crofts, New York, pp 160-212
27. Kelleher RT, Goldberg SR (1977) Fixed-ratio responding under second-order schedules of food presentation or cocaine injection. J Exp Anal Behav 28:14-24
28. Koob GF (1992) Dopamine, addiction and reward. Semin Neurosci 4:139-148
29. Koob GF, Bloom FE (1988) Cellular and molecular mechanisms of drug dependence. Science 242:715-723
30. Koob GF, Caine SB, Parsons I, Markou A, Weiss F (1997) Opponent process model and psychostimulant addiction. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 57:513-521
31. Markou A, Koob GF (1991) Postcocaine anhedonia: an animal model of cocaine withdrawal. Neuropsychopharmacology 4:17-26
32. Markou A, Koob GF (1992) Construct validity of a self-stimulation threshold paradigm: effects of reward and performance manipulations. Physiol Behav 51:111-119
33. Markou A, Weiss F, Gold LH, Caine SB, Schulteis G, Koob GF (1993) Animal models of drug craving. Psychopharmacology 112:163-182
34. Markou A, Arroyo M, Everitt BJ (1996) Effects of cocaine and dopamine agonists on cocaine-seeking behavior in rats: a second-order schedule of reinforcement. Soc Neurosci Abstr 22: 925
35. Meil WM, See RE (1996) Conditioned cue recovery of responding following prolonged withdrawal from self-administered cocaine in rats: an animal model of relapse. Behav Pharmacol 7: 754-763
36. Mitchell SH, Laurent CL, de Wit H (1996) Interaction of expectancy and the pharmacological effects of d-amphetamine: subjective effects and self-administration. Psychopharmacology 125:371-378
37. O'Brien CP, Childress: AR, McLellan AT, Ehrman R (1992) Classical conditioning in drug-dependent humans. Ann NY Acad Sci 654:400-415
38. O'Brien CP, Childress AR, McLellan AT, Ehrman R (1993) Developing treatments that address classical conditioning. NIDA Res Monogr 135:71-91
39. Ranaldi R, Roberts DCS (1996) Initiation, maintenance and extinction of cocaine self-administration with and without conditioned reward. Psychopharmacology 128:89-96
40. Robbins TW (1978) The acquisition of responding with conditioned reinforcement: effects of pipradol, methylphenidate, d-amphetamine and nomifensine. Psychopharmacology 58:79-87
41. Robinson TE, Berridge KC (1993) The neural basis of drug craving: an incentive-sensitization theory of addiction. Brain Res Rev 18:247-291
42. Schuster CR, Woods JH (1968) The conditioning reinforcing effects of stimuli associated with morphine reinforcement. Int J Addict 3:223-230
43. Shannon HE, Risner ME (1984) Comparison of behavior maintained by intravenous cocaine and d-amphetamine in dogs. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 229:422-432
44. Spear DJ, Katz JL (1991) Cocaine and food as reinforcers: effects of reinforcer magnitude and response requirement under second-order fixed-ratio and progressive ratio schedules. J Exp Anal Behav 56:261-275
45. Stewart J, de Wit H (1987) Reinstatement of drug-taking behavior as a method of assessing incentive motivational properties of drugs. In: Bozarth MA (ed) Methods of assessing the reinforcing properties of abused drags. Springer, New York, pp 211-227
46. Stewart J, de Wit H, Eikelboom R (1984) The role of unconditioned and conditioned drug effects in the self administration of opiates and stimulants. Psychol Rev 91:251-268
47. Taylor JR, Robbins TW (1984) Enhanced behavioural control by conditioned reinforcers following microinjections of d-amphetamine into the nucleus accumbens. Psychopharmacology 84:405-412
48. Weissenborn R, Robbins TW, Everitt BJ (1997) Effects of medial prefrontal anterior cingulate cortex lesions on responding for cocaine under fixed-ratio and second-order schedules of reinforcement in rats. Psychopharmacology 134:242-257
49. Whitelaw RB, Markou A, Robbins TW, Everitt BJ (1996) Excitotoxic lesions of the basolateral amygdala impair the acquisition of cocaine-seeking behaviour under a second-order schedule of reinforcement. Psychopharmacology 127:213-224
50. Wikler A (1968) Interaction of physical dependence and classical and operant conditioning in the genesis of relapse. In: Wikler A (ed) The addictive states. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore, pp 280-287
51. Wikler A (1973) Dynamics of drug dependence: implications of a conditioning theory for research and treatment. Arch Gen Psychiatry 28:611-616
52. Winer BJ (1971) Statistical principles in experimental design. McGraw-Hill, New York
53. 2 dopamine receptors in responding with conditioned reinforcement. Psychopharmacology 110:355-364
54. Yokel RA, Wise RA (1976) Attenuation of intravenous amphetamine reinforcement by central dopamine blockade in rats. Psychopharmacology 48:311-318