Action of L-acetylcarnitine on different cerebral mitochondrial populations from cerebral cortex

Neurochemical Research

Volumn 23, Issue 12, 1998, Pages 1485-1491

  Gorini, A ^a   D'Angelo, A ^a   Villa, R F ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PAVIA   (Italy)

Author keywords

Cerebral cortex; Energy metabolism; Enzymes; L acetylcamitine

Indexed keywords

ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE; ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE; CITRATE SYNTHASE; CYTOCHROME C OXIDASE; GLUTAMATE DEHYDROGENASE; LEVACECARNINE; MALATE DEHYDROGENASE; MITOCHONDRIAL ENZYME; OXOGLUTARATE DEHYDROGENASE; SUCCINATE DEHYDROGENASE;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; BRAIN CORTEX; BRAIN MITOCHONDRION; CONTROLLED STUDY; ENERGY METABOLISM; ENZYME INHIBITION; FEMALE; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; RAT;

ANIMALIA;

EID: 0031769321     PISSN: 03643190     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1023/A:1020907400905     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Bremer, J. 1962. Carnitine in intermediary metabolism: reversible acetylation of carnitine by mitochondria. J. Biol. Chem. 237: 3628-3632.
2. Clark, J.B., and Nicklas, W.J. 1970. The metabolism of rat brain mitochondria. J. Biol. Chem. 245:4724-4731.
3. McCamen, R., McCamen, M., and Stafford, M. 1966. Carnitine acetyltransferase in nervous tissue. J. Biol. Chem. 241:930-934.
4. Fritz, I.B. 1963. Carnitine and its role in fatty acid metabolism. Adv. Lipid Res. 1:285-336.
5. Villa, R.F., and Gorini, A. 1991. Action of L-acetylcarnitine on different cerebral mitochondrial populations from hippocampus and striatum during aging. Neurochem. Res. 16:1125-1132.
6. Shug, A.L., Hayes, B., Huth, P.J., Thomsen, J.H., Bittar, N., Hall, P.V., and Dehling, R.M. 1980. Changes in carnitine-linked metabolism during ischemia, thermal injury and shock. Pages 321-340, in Frenkel, R.A., and McGarry, J.D. (eds.), Carnitine Biosynthesis, Metabolism and Function, Academic Press, New York.
7. Benzi, G., Gorini, A., Dossena, M., Taglietti, M., Fulle, D., and Pastoris, O. 1983. Recovery after hypoglycemic brain injury. Action of some biological substances on the cerebral metabolism. Biochem. Pharmacol. 32:1083-1091.
8. Benzi, G., Villa, R.F., Dossena, M., Vercesi, L., Gorini, A., and Pastoris, O. 1984. Cerebral endogenous substrate utilization during the recovery period after profound hypoglycemia. J. Neurosci. Res. 11:437-450.
9. Burlina, A.P., Sershen, H., Debler, E.A., and Lajtha, A. 1989. Uptake of acetyl-L-carnitine in the brain. Neurochem. Res. 14: 489-493.
10. Toth, E., Harsing, L.G. Jr., Sershen, H., Ramacci, M.T., and Lajtha, A. 1993. Effect of acetyl-L-carnitine on extracellular amino acid levels in vivo in rat brain regions. Neurochem. Res. 18:573-578.
11. Carta, A., Calvani, M., Bravi, D., and Bhuachalla, S.N. 1993. Acetyl-L-carnitine and Alzheimer's disease: pharmacological considerations beyond the cholinergic sphere. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 695: 324-326.
12. Villa, R.F., Gorini, A., Zanada, F., and Benzi, G. 1986. Action of L-acetylcarnitine on different cerebral mitochondrial populations from hippocampus. Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn. Ther. 279:195-211.
13. Corbucci, G.G., Melis, A., Piga, M., Marchionni, A., and Calvani, M. 1992. Influence of acetyl-carnitine on some mitochondrial enzymic activities in the human cerebral tissue in conditions of acute hypoxia. Int. J. Tiss. Reac. 14:183-194.
14. Blokland, A., Bothmer, J., Honig, W., and Jolles, J. 1993. Behavioural and biochemical effects of acute central metabolic inhibition: effects of acetyl-L-carnitine. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 235:275-281.
15. Rosadini, G., Marenco, S., Nobili, F., Novellone, G., and Rodriguez, G. 1990. Acute effects of acetyl-L-carnitine on regional cerebral blood flow in patients with brain ischaemia. Int. J. Clin. Pharmacol. Res. 10:123-128.
16. Shuaib, A., Waqaar, T., Wishart, T., Kanthan, R., and Howlett, W. 1995. Acetyl-L-carnitine attenuates neuronal damage in gerbils with transient forebrain ischemia only when given before the insult. Neurochem. Res. 9:1021-1025.
17. Onofrj, M., Fulgente, T., Melchionda, D., Marchionni, A., Tomasello, F., Salpietro, F.M., Alafaci, C., De Sanctis, E., Pennisi, G., Bella, R., Ventura, F., and Morganti, A. 1995. L-acetylcarnitine as a new therapeutic approach for peripheral neuropathies with pain. Int. J. Clin. Pharmacol. Res. 15:9-15.
18. Taglialatela, G., Angelucci, L., Ramacci, M.T., Werrbach-Perez, K., Jackson, G.R., and Perez-Polo, J.R. 1992. Stimulation of nerve growth factor receptors in PC 12 cells by acetyl-L-carnitine. Biochem. Pharmacol. 44:577-585.
19. Taglialatela, G., Navarra, D., Cruciani, R., Ramacci, M.T., Alemà, G.S., and Angelucci, L. 1994. Acetyl-L-carnitine treatment increases nerve growth factor levels and choline acetyltransferase activity in the central nervous system of aged rats. Exp. Gerontol. 29:55-66.
20. Kentroti, S., Ramacci, M.T., and Vernadakis, A. 1992. Acetyl-L-carnitine has a neuromodulatory influence on neuronal phenotypes during early embryogenesis in the chick embryo. Dev. Brain Res. 70:259-266.
21. Lai, J.C.K., Walsh, J.M., Dennis, S.C., and Clark, J.B. 1977. Synaptic and non-synaptic mitochondria from rat brain: isolation and characterization. J. Neurochem. 28:625-631.
22. Villa, R.F., Gorini, A., Geroldi, D., Lo Faro, A., and Dell'Orbo, C. 1989. Enzyme activities of selected mitochondria from hippocampus and striatum in aging. Mech. Ageing Dev. 49:211-225.
23. +-linked isocitrate dehydrogenase, glutamate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase in nervous tissues from vertebrates and invertebrates. Biochem. J. 150:105-111.
24. Lai, J.C.K., and Cooper, A.J.L. 1986. Brain α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex: kinetic properties, regional distribution, and effects of inhibitors. J. Neurochem. 47:1376-1386.
25. Ackrell, B.A.C., Kearney, E.B., and Singer, T.P. 1978. Mammalian succinate dehydrogenase. Pages 446-483, in Estabrook, R.W., and Pullman, M.E. (eds.), Methods in Enzymology, Academic Press, New York and London.
26. Ochoa, S. 1955. Malic dehydrogenase from pig heart. Vol. 1, pages 735-739, in Colowick, S.P., and Kaplan, N.O. (eds.), Methods in Enzymology, Academic Press, New York and London.
27. Smith, L. 1955. Spectrophotometric assay of cytochrome c oxidase. Vol. 2, pages 427-434, in Glick, D. (ed.), Methods of Biochemical Analysis, Wiley-Interscience, New York.
28. Wharton, D.C., and Tzagoloff, A. 1967. Cytochrome oxidase from beef heart mitochondria. Vol. 10, pages 245-250, in Estabrook, R.W., and Pullman, M.E. (eds.), Methods in Enzymology, Academic Press, New York and London.
29. Smith, L., Davies, H.C., and Nava, M. 1974. Oxidation and reduction of soluble cytochrome c by membrane-bound oxidase and reductase system. J. Biol. Chem. 249:2904-2910.
30. Bergmeyer, H.U., and Bernt, E. 1974. Glutamate-pyruvate-transaminase. Vol. 2, pages 752-758, in Bergmeyer, H.U. (ed.), Methods of Enzymatic Analysis, Academic Press, New York and London.
31. Lowry, O.H., Rosebrough, N.J., Farr, A.L., and Randall, R.J. 1951. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J. Biol. Chem. 193:265-275.
32. Leong, S.F., Lai, J.C.K., Lim, L., and Clark, J.B. 1984. The activities of some energy-metabolising enzymes in non-synaptic (free) and synaptic mitochondria derived from selected brain regions. J. Neurochem. 42:1306-1312.
33. Pande, S.V., and Parvin, R. 1976. Characterization of carnitine acylcarnitine translocase system of heart mitochondria. J. Biol. Chem. 251:6683-6691.
34. Hayes, B., and Shug, A.L. 1978. Factors affecting heart mitochondrial acetyl carnitine production. Fed. Proc. 37:1715.
35. Dennis, S.G.C., and Clark, J.B. 1978. The regulation of glutamate metabolism by tricarboxylic acid cycle activity in rat brain mitochondria. Biochem. J. 172:155-162.
36. Castorina, M., Ambrosini, A.M., Giuliani, A., Pacifici, L., Ramacci, M.T., and Angelucci, L. 1993. A cluster analysis study of Acetyl-L-carnitine on NMDA receptors in aging. Exp. Gerontol. 28:537-548.
37. Castorina, M., Ambrosini, A.M., Pacifici, L., Ramacci, M.T., and Angelucci, L. 1994. Age-dependent loss of NMDA receptors in hippocampus, striatum, and frontal cortex of the rat: prevention by acetyl-L-carnitine. Neurochem. Res. 19:795-798.
38. Patacchioli, F.R., Amenta, F., Ramacci, M.T., Taglialatela, G., Maccari, S., and Angelucci, L. 1989. Acetyl-L-carnitine reduces the age-dependent loss of glucocorticoid receptors in the rat hippocampus: an autoradiography study. J. Neurosci. Res. 23:462-466.
39. Angelucci, L., Ramacci, M.T., Taglialatela, G., Huselbosh, C., Morgan, B., Werrbach-Perez, K., and Perez-Polo, J.R. 1988. Nerve growth factor binding in aged rat central nervous system: effect of acetyl-L-carnitine. J. Neurosci. Res. 20:491-496.
40. Angelucci, L., Ramacci, M.T., Alivernini, L., Scrocco, M.G., Bacchi, S., and Imperato, A. 1990. Muscarinic antagonists on acetylcholine release from the hippocampus of awake rats: a probe of aged brain cholinergic function and of its amelioration by acetyl-L-carnitine. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 16:28.
41. 2 receptors. J. Neurosci. Res. 30: 555-559.
42. Siesjo, B.K. 1978. In Brain Energy Metabolism, Wiley-Interscience, New York.
43. Turpeenoja, L., Villa, R.F., Magri, M.G., and Giuffrida-Stella, A.M. 1988. Changes of mitochondrial membrane proteins in rat cerebellum during aging. Neurochem. Res. 13:859-865.
44. Villa, R.F., Turpeenoja, L., Benzi, G., and Giuffrida-Stella, A.M. 1988. Action of L-acetylcarnitine on age-dependent modifications of mitochondrial membrane protein from rat cerebellum. Neurochem. Res. 13:909-916.
45. Ragusa, N., Turpeenoja, L., Magri, G., Lahdesmaki, P., and Giuffrida-Stella, A.M. 1989. Age-dependent modifications of mitochondrial proteins in cerebral cortex and striatum of rat brain. Neurochem. Res. 14:415-418.
46. Gadaleta, M.N. 1990. Aging and mitochondrial DNA trascription process. It. Biochem. Soc. Transaction 1:64.
47. Fernandez-Silva, P., Petruzzella, V., Fracasso, F., Gadaleta, M.N., and Cantatore, P. 1990. Age related changes of RNA synthesis in isolated mitochondria from rat brain. It. Biochem. Soc. Transaction 1:274.
48. Spagnoli, A., Comelli, M., Lucca, U., and Menasce, G. 1990. L-acetylcarnitine and Alzheimer's disease: results of a controlled clinical trial. Neurobiol. Aging 11:342-343.
49. Gorini, A., Ghigini, B., and Villa, R.F. 1996. Acetylcholinesterase activity of synaptic plasma membranes during ageing: effect of L-acetylcarnitine. Dementia 7:147-154.