Accessory levator muscle of the upper eyelid: Case report and review of the literature

Clinical Anatomy

Volumn 11, Issue 6, 1998, Pages 410-416

  Amonoo Kuofi, Harold S ^a   Darwish, Hasem Hassan ^a  

^a KING SAUD UNIVERSITY   (Saudi Arabia)

Author keywords

Anomalous eyelid muscle; Supernumerary extraocular muscle

Indexed keywords

AGED; ANATOMY; ARTICLE; CASE REPORT; CONGENITAL MALFORMATION; EXTRAOCULAR MUSCLE; EYELID MUSCLE; HUMAN TISSUE; MALE; MUSCLE INNERVATION; OCULOMOTOR NERVE; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

AGED; CADAVER; EYELIDS; HUMANS; MALE; OCULOMOTOR MUSCLES; OCULOMOTOR NERVE; ORBIT;

EID: 0031768960     PISSN: 08973806     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1098-2353(1998)11:6<410::AID-CA7>3.0.CO;2-V     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. Ballen, P.H. and L. Rochkopf 1987 Congenital retraction of the upper lid. Ophthalmic Surg. 18:689-690.
2. Botelho, P.J. and J.G. Giangiacomo 1996 Autosomal-dominant inheritance of congenital superior oblique palsy. Ophthalmology 103:1508-1511.
3. Collin, J.R., L. Allen and S. Castronuovo 1990 Congenital eyelid retraction. Br. J. Ophthalmol. 74:542-544.
4. Conn, P.M. 1995 The Oculomotor System. In Neuroscience in Medicine. Philadelphia: Lippincott, pp. 249-260.
5. Cuajunco, F. 1942 Development of the human motor end-plate. Contrib. Embryol. Carnegie Inst. Washington 30:127-152.
6. Cuttone, J., P. Brazis, M. Miller and S. Folk 1979 Absence of the superior rectus muscle in Apert's syndrome. J. Pediatr. Ophthalmol. Strab. 16:349-354.
7. Diamond, G.R., J.A. Katowicz, L.A. Whitaker, G.E. Quinn and D.B. Schaffer 1980 Variations in extraocular muscle number and structure in craniofacial dysostosis. Am. J. Ophthalmol. 90:416-418.
8. st Ed. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, pp. 62-88.
9. Gilbert, P.W. 1952 The origin and development of the head cavities in the human embryo. J. Morphol. 90:149-187.
10. Gilbert, P.W. 1957 The origin and development of the human extrinsic ocular muscles. Contrib. Embryol. Carnegie Inst. Washington 36:59-78.
11. Gillies, W.E., A.J. Harris, A.M. Brooks, M.R. Rivers and R.J. Wolfe 1995 Congenital fibrosis of the vertically acting extraocular muscles: A new group of dominantly inherited ocular fibrosis with radiologie findings. Ophthalmology 102: 607-612.
12. Goldberg, R.A., J.C. Wu, A. Jesmanowicz and J.S. Hyde 1992 Eyelid anatomy revisited. Dynamic high-resolution magnetic resonance images of Whitnall's ligament and upper eyelid structures with the use of a surface coil. Arch. Ophthalmol. 110:1598-1600.
13. Hollinshead, W.H. 1968 The Eyelids, Orbit and Eyeballs. In Anatomy for Surgeons: Vol. I: The Head and Neck. New York: Hoeber Medical Division, Harper and Row, pp. 107-181.
14. th Ed. Philadelphia: Harper and Row, pp. 958-986.
15. Holmes, E.B.M. 1975 Muscular system. In Manual of Comparative Anatomy: A Laboratory Guide and Brief Text. Dubuque: Kendall/Hunt, pp. 141-174.
16. Ingham, P.N., S.T McGovern and J.L. Crompton 1986 Congenital absence of the inferior rectus muscle. Aus. N.Z. J. Ophthalmol. 14:355-358.
17. rd Ed. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, pp. 702-719.
18. Mustardé, J.C. 1989 New horizons in eyelid reconstruction. International Ophthalmology Clinics 29:237-246.
19. Neal, H.V. 1918 The history of the eye muscles. J. Morphol. 30:433-453.
20. th Ed. Philadelphia: Igaku-Shoin/Saunders, pp. 646-647.
21. Rose, G.E. and B.A. O'Donnell 1995 Congenital orbital cysts associated with the common sheath of the superior rectus and levator palpebrae superioris muscles. Ophthalmology 102:135-138.
22. Sevel D. 1981 A reappraisal of the origin of human extraocular muscles. Ophthalmology 88:1330-1338.
23. Taylor, R.H. and S.P. Kraft 1997 Aplasia of the inferior rectus muscle. A case report and review of the literature. Ophthalmology 104:415-418.
24. Weinstock, F.J. and H.H. Hardesty 1965 Absence of superior recti in craniofacial dysostosis. Arch. Ophthalmol. 74:152-153.
25. th Ed. New York: Churchill Livingstone, pp. 1353-1359.
26. Yapp, W.B. 1965 Sense Organs. In Vertebrates: Their Structure and Life. New York: Oxford University Press, pp. 279-321.