Trace substances in snow and firn from the vicinity of two small research stations in Antarctica

Ambio

Volumn 27, Issue 6, 1998, Pages 451-455

  Stenberg, Malin ^a,c   Eriksson, Cecilia ^b   Heintzenberg, Jost ^a  

^a STOCKHOLM UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^b Institute for Tropospheric Research ^*  (Australia)

^c LEIBNIZ INSTITUTE FOR TROPOSPHERIC RESEARCH   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

FIRN; HUMAN ACTIVITY; POLLUTION MONITORING; PRECIPITATION QUALITY; SNOW; TRACE ELEMENT;

ANTARCTICA;

EID: 0031757089     PISSN: 00447447     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. SCAR Bulletin 110, July 1993.
2. Eriksson, C. 1994. Environmental protection-Biological investigation in Vestfjella. Swedish Antarctic Research Programme 1991/92 and 1993/94. A Cruise Report. Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, Stockholm, Sweden, pp. 31-36.
3. Mulvaney, R. and Wolff, E.W. 1994. Spatial variability of the major chemistry of the Antarctic ice sheet. Ann. Glacial. 20,440- 447.
4. Berg, J., Fuhrer, K., Hedman, U., Huss, E., Isaksson, E., Richardson, C, Stenberg, M., Twickler, M. and Wengelin, A. 1994. The Swedish ITASE Expedition. Swedish Antarctic Research Programme 1993/94. A Cruise Report. Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, Stockholm, Sweden, pp. 14-30.
5. Gjessing, Y. 1984. Marine and non-marine contribution to the chemical composition of snow at the Riiser-Larsenisen Ice Shelf in Antarctica. Aimos. Environ. 18,825-830.
6. Gjessing, Y. 1989. Excess and deficit of sulfate in polar snow. Atmos. Em-iron. 23, 155-160.
7. Boutron, C. and Wolff, E. 1989. Heavy metal and sulphur emissions to the atmosphere from human activities in Antarctica. Atmos. Environ. 23,1669-1675.
8. Suttie, E.D. and Wolff, E.W. 1993. The local deposition of heavy metal emissions from point sources in Antarctica. Atmos. Environ. 27A, 1833-1841.
9. Jonsson, S. 1988. Observations on the physical geography and glacial history of the Vestfjella nunataks in Western Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica. Dept of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, Sweden. Forskningsrapport 68, 1-57. (In Swedish).
10. Seppälä, M. 1991. Rinodina endophragmia, a lichen from the Vestfjella, Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica. Ann. Bot. Fennici. 28, 193-196.
11. FINNARP. 1995. Meteorological observations at the Aboa station 1989-1994.Xn/arc//c Reports of Finland. Report No S. Ministry of Trade and Industry Helsinki, Finland.
12. Gjessing, Y. and Wold, B. 1986. Absolute movements, mass balance and snow temperatures of the Riiser-Larsenisen Ice Shelf. Antarctica. Norn: Polarinst. Skr. 187,2331.
13. Isaksson, E. and Karlen, W. 1994. Spatial and temporal patterns in snow accumulation and oxygen isotopes, Western Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica. J. Glacial. 40, 399-409.
14. Richardson, C, Aarholt, E., Hamran, S-E., Holmlund, P. and Isaksson, E. 1997. Spatial distribution of snow in Western Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica, mapped by a ground based snow radar. J. Gcophys. Res. 102,343-20,353.
15. Näslund, J-O., Pohjola, V. and Stroeven, A. 1991. Glaciological surveys in Vestfjella and Heimefrontfjella, Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica, 1989/90. Dept of Physical Geography, Stockholm University. Forskningsrapport 83, 1-71.
16. Heintzenberg, J. 1988. A processor-controlled multisample soot photometer. Aerosol Sei. Techn. 8,227-233.
17. Heintzenberg, J. 1982. Size-segregated measurements of paniculate elemental carbon and aerosol light absorption at remote Arctic locations. Atmos. Environ. 16,2461-2469.
18. Hansen, A.D.A. and Schnell, R.C. 1991. Operation Manual for Aethalometer Model AE-9. Publisher Magee Scientific Co., Berkeley, California, USA, pp. 3-13.
19. Minikin, A., Wagenbach D., Graf, W. and Kipfstuhl, J. 1994. Spatial and seasonal variations of the snow chemistry at the central Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf, Antarctica. Ann. Glacial. 20,283-290.
20. Delmas, R. 1982. Antarctic sulphate budget. Nature 299,677-678.
21. Mulvaney, R., Coulson, G.F.-J. and Corn, H.F.J. 1993. The fractionation of sea salt and acids during transport across an Antarctic ice shelf. Tellus 44B, 179-187.
22. Delmas, R. and Briat, M. 1982. Snow chemistry of James Ross Island (Antarctic peninsula). J. Geophys. Res. 87, 11004-11012.
23. Warren, S.O., and Clarke, A.D. 1990. Soot in the atmosphere and snow surface of Antarctica.J. Geophys. Res. 95.1811-1816.
24. Stenberg, M., Isaksson, E., Hansson, M., Karlen, W., Mayewski. P., Twickler, M., Whitlow, S. and Gundestrup, N. 1998. Spatial variability of snow chemistry in westem Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica. Ann. Glaciol. 26 (In press).
25. Campbell, I.B., and Claridge, G.G.C., 1987. Antarctica: Soils, Weathering Processes and Environment. Eisevier, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 1-368.
26. Neubauer J. and Heuman, K. G. 1988. Nitrate trace determinations in snow and firn core samples of ice shelves at the Weddell Sea, Antarctica. Atmos. Environ. 22, 537545.
27. Osada, K. 1994. Seasonal variations of major ionic concentration levels in driftingsnow samples obtained from east Dronning Maud Land, East Antarctica. Ann. Glacial. 20, 226-230.
28. Johnson, B.B. and Chamberlain, J.M. 1981. Sodium, magnesium, potassium and calcium concentrations in ice cores from the Law Dome, Antarctica. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta45,771-l&6.
29. Nishikawa, M., Ambe, Y. and Chubachi, S. 1986. Concentrations of trace elements in surface snow in the area near Syowa Station, Antarctica. Mem. Nail Inst. Polar Res., Spec. Issue 45,47-55.
30. Aristarain, A.J., Delmas, R.J. and Briat, M. 1982. Snow chemistry on James Ross Island (Antarctic Peninsula). J. Geophys. Res. 87,11004-11012.
31. Whitlow, S., Mayewski, P.A. and Dibb, J.E. 1992. A comparison of major chemical species seasonal concentrations and accumulation at the South Pole and Summit, Greenland. Atmos. Environ. 26A, 2045-2054.
32. Granat, L. 1990. Luft- och nederbördskemiska stationsnätet inom FMK. Naturvärdsverket Rapport 3942. Stockholm, Sweden, 17-18. (In Swedish).
33. This project was initiated by Göran Rudbäck. It was financed by the Swedish Polar Research Secretariat and by a grant from the Swedish National Research Council (NFR) to Wibjöm Karlen. Logistical field support came from SWEDARP. Axel Bpdin did the firn core drilling, Elisabeth Isaksson and Göran Thor sampled the snow in I991/92. Cecilia Eriksson and Jens-Ove Näslund resampled the sites in 1993/94. The snow samples and the firn core were analyzed at the Department of Meteorology, Stockholm University. Margareta Hansson, Elisabeth Isaksson, Wibjöm Karlen and Harry Burton gave valuable comments on different versions of the manuscript. We would also like to thank two reviewers for constructive comments.
34. First submitted 15 July 1996. Accepted for publication after revision 10 January 1997.