First trimester ultrasonography of multiple gestations: A review

Obstetrical and Gynecological Survey

Volumn 53, Issue 11, 1998, Pages 715-726

  Sherer, David M ^a  

^a ALBERT EINSTEIN COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMNIOCENTESIS; CHORION VILLUS SAMPLING; CHROMOSOME ABERRATION; CONJOINED TWINS; CONTINUING EDUCATION; FETUS; FETUS ECHOGRAPHY; FETUS MALFORMATION; FETUS MORTALITY; FIRST TRIMESTER PREGNANCY; GESTATIONAL AGE; HUMAN; MULTIPLE PREGNANCY; PREGNANCY; REVIEW; ULTRASOUND;

FEMALE; HUMANS; PREGNANCY; PREGNANCY TRIMESTER, FIRST; PREGNANCY, MULTIPLE; ULTRASONOGRAPHY, PRENATAL;

EID: 0031739739     PISSN: 00297828     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00006254-199811000-00025     Document Type: Review

References (114)

1. Benirschke K, Kim CK. Multiple pregnancy. N Engl J Med 1973;288:1276-1284.
2. Filly RA, Goldstein RB, Callen PW. Monochorionic twinning: sonographic assessment. AJR 1990;154:459-469.
3. Sebire NJ, Snijders RJ, Hughes K et al. The hidden mortality of monochorionic twin pregnancies. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1997;104:1203-1207.
4. Sepulveda W. Chorionicity determination in twin pregnancies: Double trouble? Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1997;10: 79-81.
5. Machin G, Bamforth F, Innes M et al. Some perinatal characteristics of monozygotic twins who are dichorionic. Am J Med Genet 1995;55:71-76.
6. Bajoria R, Kingdom J. The case for routine determination of chorionicity and zygosity in multiple pregnancy. Prenat Diagn 1997;17:1207-1225.
7. Ville Y. Monochorionic twin pregnancies: 'les liasons dangereuses'. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1997;10:82-85.
8. Brunner JP, Rosemond RL. Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome: A subset of the twin oligohydramnios-polyhydramnios syndrome. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1993;169:925-930.
9. Barss V, Benacerraf B, Frigoletto F. Ultrasonographic determination of chorion type in twin gestation. Obstet Gynecol 1985;66:779-783.
10. Hertzberg BS, Kurtz AB, Choi HY et al. Significance of membrane thickness in the sonographic evaluation of twin gestations. AJR 1987;148:151-153.
11. Winn HN, Gabrielli S, Reece EA et al. Ultrasonographic criteria for the prenatal diagnosis of placental chorionicity in twin gestation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1989;161:1540-1542.
12. D'Alton ME, Dudley DK. The ultrasound prediction of chorionicity in twin gestation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1989;160: 557-561.
13. Kurtz AB, Wapner RJ, Mata J et al. Twin pregnancies: Accuracy of first trimester abdominal US in predicting chorionicity and amnionicity. Radiology 1992;185,759-762.
14. Fineberg HJ. The "twin peak" sign: reliable evidence of dichorionic twinning. J Ultrasound Med 1992;11:571-577.
15. Vayssiere CF, Heim N, Camus EP et al. Determination of chorionicity in twin gestation by high frequency abdominal ultrasound. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1996;175:1529-1533.
16. Mantoni M, Pedersen JF. Monoamniotic twins diagnosed by ultrasound in the first trimester. Acta Obstet Gynecol 1980; 59:551-553.
17. Monteagudo A, Timor-Trisch IE, Sharma S. Early and simple determination of chorionic and amnionic type in multifetal gestations in the first 14 weeks by high frequency transvaginal ultrasonography. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1994;170:824-829.
18. Copperman AB, Kaltenbacher L, Walker B et al. Early first trimester ultrasound provides a window through which the chorionicity of twins can be diagnosed in an in vitro fertilization (IVF) population. J Assist Reprod Genet 1995;12:693-697.
19. Sepulveda W, Sebire NJ, Hughes K et al. The lambda sign at 10 to 14 weeks of gestation as a predictor of chorionicity in twin pregnancies. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1996;7:421-423.
20. Hill LM, Chenevey P, Hecker J et al. Sonographic determination of first trimester twin chorionicity and amnionicity. J Clin Ultrasound 1996;24:305-308.
21. Bromley B, Benacerraf B. Using the number of yolk sacs to determine amnionicity in early first trimester monochorionic twins. J Ultrasound Med 1995;14:415-419.
22. Levi CS, Lyons EA, Dashefsky SM et al. Yolk sac number, size and morphologic features in monochorionic monoamniotic twin gestation. Can Assoc Radiol J 1996;47:98-100.
23. Levi S. Ultrasonic assessment of the high rate of human multiple pregnancy in the first trimester. J Clin Ultrasound 1975;4:3-5.
24. Robinson HP, Caines JS. Sonar evidence of early pregnancy failure in patients with twin conceptions. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1977;84:22-25.
25. Varma TR. Ultrasound evidence of early pregnancy failure in patients with multiple conceptions. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1979;86:290-292.
26. Brown BS. Disappearance of the gestational sac in the first trimester of multiple pregnancies - Ultrasonographic findings. J Can Assoc Radiol 1982:33:273-275.
27. Saidi MH. First trimester bleeding and the vanishing twin: A report of three cases. J Reprod Med 1988;33:831-834.
28. Landy HJ, Weiner S, Corson SL et al. "The vanishing twin:" Ultrasonographic assessment of fetal disappearance in the first trimester. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1986;155:14-19.
29. Goldman GA, Dicker D, Feldberg D et al. The vanishing fetus. A report of 17 cases of triplets and quadruplets. J Perinat Med 1989;17:157-162.
30. Dickey RP, Olar TT, Curole DN et al. The probability of multiple births when multiple gestational sacs or viable embryos are diagnosed at first trimester ultrasound. Hum Reprod 1990;5:880-882.
31. Sampson A, de Crespigny LC. Vanishing twins: The frequency of spontaneous fetal reduction of a twin pregnancy. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1992;2:107-109.
32. Benson CB, Doubliet PM, Laks MP. Outcome of twin gestations following sonographic demonstration of two heart beats in the first trimester. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1993; 3:343-345.
33. Benson CB, Doubliet PM, David V. Prognosis of first trimester twin pregnancies: Polychotomous logistic regression analysis. Radiology 1994;192:765-768.
34. Doubliet PM, Benson CB. "Appearing twin:" Undercounting of multiple gestations on early first trimester sonograms. J Ultrasound Med 1998;17:199-203.
35. Sherer DM, Liberto L, Woods JR. Preoperative sonographic diagnosis of a unilateral tubal twin gestation with documented fetal heart rate activity. J Ultrasound Med 1990;9: 729-731.
36. Tsai HD, Chang CC, Hsieh YY et al. Sonographic diagnosis of triplet tubal pregnancy after in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. J Clin Ultrasound 1998;26:159-162.
37. Fernandez H, Borget P, Lelaidier C et al. Methotrexate treatment of unilateral twin ectopic pregnancy: Case report and pharmacokinetic considerations. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1993;3:357-359.
38. Yagel S, Hurwitz A, Ron M et al. Ultrasonic detection of heterotopic pregnancy: A case report. J Clin Ultrasound 1983;11:502-505.
39. Simpson EL, Coleman BG, Sondheimer SJ et al. In vitro fertilization and embryo transfer complicated by simultaneous ectopic and intrauterine twin gestation. J Ultrasound Med 1986;5:49-51.
40. Mattox JH, Kolb DJ, Goggin MW et al. Heterotopic pregnancy diagnosed by endovaginal scanning. J Clin Ultrasound 1988;17:523-526.
41. Van Dam PA, Vanderheyden JS, Uttenbroek F. Application of ultrasound in the diagnosis of heterotopic pregnancy: A review of the literature. J Clin Ultrasound 1988;16:159-165.
42. Snyder T, delCastillo J, Graff J et al. Heterotopic pregnancy after in vitro fertilization and ovulatory drugs. Ann Emerg Med 1988;17:846-849.
43. Loret de Mola JR, Austin CM, Judge NE et al. Cornual heterotopic pregnancy and cornual resection after in vitro fertilization/embryo transfer. A report of two cases. J Reprod Med 1995;40:606-610.
44. Sherer DM, Allen TA, Singh GS et al. Transvaginal sonographic diagnosis of an unruptured interstitial pregnancy. J Clin Ultrasound 1990;18:582-585.
45. Jones KL. Conjoined twins. In: Fletcher J, ed. Smith's Recognizable Patterns of Human Malformation, 5th Ed. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 1996, pp 656-657.
46. Rees AEJ, Vujanic GM, Williams WM. Epidemic of conjoined twins in Cardiff. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1993;100:388-391.
47. Maggio M, Callan N, Hamod K et al. The first trimester diagnosis of conjoined twins. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1985; 152:833-835.
48. Apuzzio JJ, Ganesh UV, Chervenak J et al. Prenatal diagnosis of bicephalous conjoined twins in a triplet pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1988;159:121-125.
49. Fontanarosa M, Bagnoli G, Ciolini P et al. First trimester sonographic diagnosis of diprosopus twins with craniorachischisis. J Clin Ultrasound 1992;20:69-71.
50. Boulot P, Deschamps F, Hedon B et al. Conjoined twins associated with a normal singleton: Very early diagnosis and successful selective termination. J Perinat Med 1992;20: 135-137.
51. Hubinot C, Kollman P, Malvaux V et al. First trimester diagnosis of conjoined twins. Fetal Diagn Ther 1997;12:185-187.
52. Hill LM. The sonographic detection of early first trimester conjoined twins. Prenat Diagn 1997;17:961-963.
53. van Eyndhoven HWF, ter Brugge H. The first trimester ultrasonographic diagnosis of dicephalus conjoined twins. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 1998;77:464-466.
54. Lam YH, Yin SY, Lee CP et al. Prenatal sonographic diagnosis of conjoined twins in the first trimester: Two case reports. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1998;11:292-294.
55. Maymon R, Halperin R, Weintraub Z et al. Three-dimensional transvaginal sonography of conjoined twins at 10 weeks: A case report. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1998;11:294-297.
56. Benirschke K. Sonographic diagnosis of conjoined twinning. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1998;11:241.
57. Gillim DL, Hendricks CH. Holocardius. Obstet Gynecol 1953; 2:647-653.
58. Stiller RJ, Romero R, Pace S et al. Prenatal identification of twin reversed arterial perfusion syndrome in the first trimester. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1989;160:1194-1196.
59. Langlotz H, Sauerbrei E, Murray S. Transvaginal Doppler sonographic diagnosis of an acardiac twin at 12 weeks' gestation. J Ultrasound Med 1991;10:175-179.
60. Shalev E, Zalev Y, Ben Ami M et al. First trimester ultrasonic diagnosis of twin reversed arterial perfusion sequence. Prenat Diagn 1992;12:219-222.
61. Zucchini S, Borghesani F, Soffriti G et al. Transvaginal ultrasound diagnosis of twin reversed arterial perfusion syndrome at 9 weeks' gestation. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1993;3: 209-211.
62. Coulam CB. First trimester diagnosis of acardiac twins. Obstet Gynecol 1996;88:729.
63. Hamada H, Oki A, Tsunoda H et al. Prenatal diagnosis of holoprosencephaly by transvaginal ultrasonography in the first trimester. Asia Oceania J Obstet Gynaecol 1992;18:125-129.
64. Rodis JF, Egan JFX, Craffey A et al. Calculated risk of chromosomal abnormalities in twin gestations. Obstet Gynecol 1990;76:1037-1041.
65. Meyers C, Adam R, Dungan J et al. Aneuploidy in twin gestations: When is maternal age advanced? Obstet Gynecol 1997;89:248-251.
66. Wapner RJ. Genetic diagnosis in multiple pregnancies. Semin Perinatol 1995;19:351-362.
67. Hunter AG, Cox DM. Counseling problems when twins are discussed at genetic amniocentesis. Clin Genet 1979;16:34-42.
68. Pandya PP, Snijders RL, Johnson SP et al. Screening for fetal trisomies my maternal age and nuchal translucency thickness at 10 to 14 weeks of gestation. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1995;102:957-962.
69. Taipale P, Hilesmaa V, Salonen R et al. Increased nuchal translucency as a marker for fetal chromosomal defects. N Engl J Med 1997;337:1654-1658.
70. Sebire NJ, Snijders RJ, Hughes K et al. Screening for trisomy 21 and fetal nuchal translucency thickness at 10 to 14 weeks of gestation. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1996;103:999-1003.
71. Verdin SM, Braithwaide JM, Spencer K et al. Prenatal diagnosis of trisomy 21 with monozygotic twins and increased nuchal translucency and abnormal serum biochemistry. Fetal Diagn Ther 1997;12:153-155.
72. Jauniaux E, Brown R, Snijders RJ et al. Early prenatal diagnosis of triploidy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1997;167:550-554.
73. Kuhn P, Brizot ML, Pandya PP et al. Crown-rump length in chromosomally abnormal fetuses at 10 to 13 weeks' gestation. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1995;172:32-35.
74. Pandya PP, Hilbert F, Snijders RJ et al. Nucal translucency thickness and crown-rump length in twin pregnancies with chromosomally abnormal fetuses. J Ultrasound Med 1995; 14:565-568.
75. Isada NB, Sorokin Y, Drugan A et al. First trimester fetal size variation in well-dated multifetal pregnancies. Fetal Diagn Ther 1992;7:82-86.
76. Dickey RP, Olar TT, Taylor SN et al. Incidence and significance of unequal gestation sac diameter or embryo crown-rump length in twin pregnancy. Hum Reprod 1992;7:1170-1172.
77. Check JH, Chase JS, Nowroozi K et al. Evidence that difference in size of fraternal twins originate due early gestation: A case report. Int J Fertil 1992;37:165-166.
78. Achiron R, Blickstein I. Persistent discordant twin growth following IVF-ET. Acta Genet Med Gemellol 1993;42:41-44.
79. Weissman A, Achiron R, Lipitz S et al. The first trimester growth-discordant twin: An ominous prenatal finding. Obstet Gynecol 1994;84:110-114.
80. Jörgensen C, Andolf E. Amniocentesis before the 15th gestational week in single and twin gestations - Complications and quality of genetic analysis. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 1998;77:151-154.
81. Buscaglia M, Ghisoni L, Bellotti M et al. Genetic amniocentesis in biamniotic twin pregnancies by a single transabdominal insertion of needle. Prenat Diagn 1995;15:17-19.
82. Ghidini A, Lynch L, Alvarez M et al. The risk of second-trimester amniocentesis in twin gestations: A case control study. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1993;169:1013-1016.
83. Shulman LP, Elias S, Phillips OP et al. Early twin amniocentesis prior to 14 weeks' gestation. Prenat Diagn 1992;12: 625-626.
84. Brambati B, Oldrini A, Simoni G et al. First trimester fetal karyotyping in twin pregnancy. J Med Genet 1984;21:58-60.
85. Brambati B, Tului L, Lanzani A et al. First trimester genetic diagnosis in multiple pregnancy: Principles and potential pitfalls. Prenat Diagn 1991;11:767-774.
86. Monni G, Roastelli C, Falchi AM et al. First trimester diagnosis of thalassemia in a twin pregnancy. Prenat Diagn 1986; 6:63-68.
87. Dumez Y, Dommergues Lyonnet S, Tada K et al. First trimester prenatal diagnosis in quintuplets: A practical approach in using step-by-step embryo reduction. Prenat Diagn 1991;11:737-740.
88. King CR, Cox G, Arthur T. Successful chorionic villus sampling of a triplet pregnancy. A case report. J Reprod Med 1990;35:441-443.
89. Pergament E, Schulman JD, Copeland K et al. The risk and efficacy of chorionic villus sampling in multiple gestations. Prenat Diagn 1992;12:377-384.
90. Golbus MS, Cunningham N, Goldberg JD et al. Selective termination of multiple gestations. Am J Med Genet 1988; 31:339-348.
91. Evans MI, Fletcher JC, Zador IE et al. Selective first trimester termination in octuplet and quadruplet pregnancies: Clinical and ethical issues. Obstet Gynecol 1988;71:289-296.
92. Farquharson DF, Wittmann BK, Hansmann M et al. Management of quintuplet pregnancy by selective embryocide. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1988;158:413-416.
93. Shalev J, Frenkel Y, Goldenberg M et al. Selective reduction in multiple gestations: Pregnancy outcome after transvaginal and transabdominal needle-guided procedures. Fertil Steril 1989;52:416-420.
94. Tabsh KM. Transabdominal multifetal pregnancy reduction: Report of 40 cases. Obstet Gynecol 1990;75:739-741.
95. Lynch L, Berkowitz RL, Chitkara U et al. First trimester transabdominal multifetal pregnancy reduction: A report of 85 cases. Obstet Gynecol 1990;75:735-738.
96. Itskovitz J, Boldes R, Thaler I et al. First trimester selective reduction in multiple pregnancy guided by transvaginal sonography. J Clin Ultrasound 1990;18:323-327.
97. Evans MI, May M, Drugan A et al. Selective termination: Clinical experience and residual risks. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1990;162:1588-1575.
98. Yaron Y, Botchan A, Lessing JB et al. Embryonal reduction using transvaginal saline injection in sextuplet pregnancy after ovulation induction with human menopausal gonadotropin. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 1993;72:578-580.
99. Timor-Trisch IE, Peisner DB, Monteagudo A et al. Multifetal pregnancy reduction by transvaginal puncture: Evaluation of the technique used in 134 cases. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1993;168:799-804.
100. Boulot P, Pellicia G, Lefort G et al. Multifetal pregnancy reduction: A conservative series of 61 cases. Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1993;100:63-68.
101. Berkowitz RL, Lynch L, Lapinski R et al. First trimester multifetal pregnancy reduction: A report of two hundred completed cases. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1993;169:17-21.
102. Boulot P, Hedon B, Pelliccia G et al. Effects of selective reduction in triplet gestation: A comparative study of 80 cases managed with or without this procedure. Fertil Steril 1993;60:497-503.
103. Porreco RP, Burke MS, Hendrix ML. Multifetal reduction of triplets and pregnancy outcome. Obstet Gynecol 1991;78: 335-338.
104. Monteagudo A, Timor-Trisch IE. An approach to multifetal pregnancy reduction in a pregnancy of grand order (12 fetuses). Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1994;4:339-341.
105. Stone J, Berkowitz RL. Multifetal pregnancy reduction and selective termination. Semin Perinatol 1995;19:363-374.
106. Symonowicz Q, Preston M, Yu WM. The surviving monozygotic twin. Arch Dis Child 1986;61:454-458.
107. Berkowitz RL, Lynch L, Chitkara U et al. Selective reduction of multifetal pregnancies in the first trimester. N Engl J Med 1988;318:1043-1047.
108. De Geyter C, De Geyter M, Bals-Pratsch M et al. Experience with transvaginal ultrasound-guided aspiration of supernumerary follicles for the prevention of multiple pregnancies after ovulation induction and intrauterine insemination. Fertil Steril 1996;65:1163-1168.
109. Fernandez H, Lelaidier C, Doumerc S et al. Nonsurgical treatment of heterotopic pregnancy. Fertil Steril 1993;60: 428-432.
110. Benifla JL, Fernandez H, Sebban E et al. Alternative to surgery of treatment of unruptured interstitial pregnancy. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 1996;70:151-156.
111. Wright A. Kowalczyk CL, Quintero R et al. Selective embryo reduction in a heterotopic pregnancy using potassium chloride injection resulting in a hematosalpinx. Fertil Steril 1996; 66:1028-1030.
112. Leach RE, Ney JA, Ory SJ. Selective embryo reduction of an interstitial heterotopic gestation. Fetal Diagn Ther 1992;7: 41-45.
113. Sherer DM, Scibetta JJ, Sanko SR. Heterotopic quadruplet gestation with laparoscopic resection of ruptured interstitial pregnancy and subsequent successful outcome of twins. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1995;172:216-217.
114. Louis-Sylvestre C, Morice P, Chapron C et al. The role of laparoscopy in the diagnosis and management of heterotopic pregnancies. Hum Reprod 1997;12:1100-1102.