In vivo tear-film thickness determination and implications for tear-film stability

Current Eye Research

Volumn 17, Issue 11, 1998, Pages 1058-1066

  Creech, J L ^a   Do, Long Trang ^b   Fatt, Irving ^b   Radke, C J ^a  

^a University of California   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Breakup; Evaporation; Stability; Tear film; Thickness

Indexed keywords

FLUORESCEIN;

ADULT; ARTICLE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; COMPUTER; CONTACT LENS; CONTROLLED STUDY; EVAPORATION; FEMALE; HUMAN; HYDROGEL; KNEE MENISCUS; LIQUID; MALE; MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SLIT LAMP; SURFACE TENSION; TEAR FILM; VIDEORECORDING;

ADULT; CONTACT LENSES; CORNEA; DESICCATION; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; TEARS; VOLATILIZATION;

EID: 0031736367     PISSN: 02713683     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1076/ceyr.17.11.1058.5233     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Mishima S. Some physiological aspects of the precorneal tear film. Arch Ophthalmol. 1965;73:233-241.
2. Ehlers N. The precorneal tear film. Acta Ophthalmol. 1965;81(suppl):5-136.
3. Prydal JI, Campbell FW. Study of precorneal tear film thickness and structure by interferometry and confocal microscopy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1992;33:1996-2005.
4. Prydal JI, Artal P, Woon H, Campbell FW. Study of human precorneal tear film thickness and structure using laser interferometry. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1992;33:2006-2011.
5. Prydal JI, Muir MGK, Dilly PN. Comparison of tear film thickness in three species determined by the glass fibre method and confocal microscopy. Eye. 1993;7:472-475.
6. Danjo Y, Nakamura M, Hamano T. Measurement of the precorneal tear film thickness with a non-contact optical interferometry film thickness measurement system. Jpn J Ophthalmol. 1994;38:260-266.
7. Nichols BA, Chiappino ML, Dawson CR. Demonstration of the mucous layer of the tear film by electron microscopy. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1985;26:464-473.
8. Prydal JI, Dilly PN. In vivo confocal microscopy of the cornea and tear film. Scanning. 1995;17:133-135.
9. Wong H, Fatt I, Radke CJ. Deposition and thinning of the human tear film. J Coll Int Sci. 1996;184:44-51.
10. Bretherton FP. The motion of long bubbles in tubes. J Fluid Mech. 1961;10:166-188.
11. Tiffany JM. The viscosity of human tears. Int Ophthalmol. 1991;15:371-376.
12. Holly FJ, Patten JT, Dohlman CH. Surface activity determination of aqueous tear components in dry eye patients and normals. Exp Eye Res. 1977;24:479-491.
13. Tiffany JM, Winter N, Bliss G. Tear film stability and tear surface tension. Curr Eye Res. 1989;8:507-515.
14. Doane MG. Interaction of eyelids and tears in corneal wetting and the dynamics of the normal human eyeblink. Am J Ophthalmol. 1980;89:507-516.
15. Patel S, Farrell JC. Age-related changes in precorneal tear film stability. Optom Vis Sci. 1989;66:175-178.
16. Cho P, Yap M. Age, gender, and tear break-up time. Optom Vis Sci. 1993;70:828-831.
17. Benedetto DA, Shah DO, Kaufman HE. The instilled fluid dynamics and surface chemistry of polymers in the preocular tear film. Invest Ophthalmol. 1975;14:887-903.
18. Berger RE, Corrsin S. A surface tension gradient for driving the pre-corneal tear film after a blink. J Biomech. 1974;7:225-238.
19. Brauninger GE, Shah DO, Kaufman HE. Direct physical demonstration of oily layer on tear film surface. Am J Ophthalmol. 1972;73:132-134.
20. Jaeger W, Mobius D, Kaercher T. Biophysical experiments with lipid-layers formed with meibomian gland secretion. In: Holly FJ, ed. The Preocular Tear Film in Health, Disease, and Contact Lens Wear. Lubbock, TX: Dry Eye Institute; 1986:609-621.
21. Kaercher T, Honig D, Mobius D. Brewster angle microscopy: a new method of visualizing the spreading of meibomian lipids. Int Ophthalmol. 1993;17:341-348.
22. Kaercher T, Mobius D, Welt R. Biophysical behaviour of the infant meibomian lipid layer. Int Ophthalmol. 1994; 18:15-19.
23. Kalachandra S, Shah DO. Interfacial properties of thin liquid films in relation to boundary and hydrodynamic lubrication in the eye. AICHE Symp Ser. 1986;82:64-71. No. 252.
24. Lemp MA, Holly FJ. Ophthalmic polymers as ocular wetting agents. Ann Ophthalmol. 1972;4:15-20.
25. Holly FJ. Surface chemistry of tear film component analogs. J Coll Int Sci. 1974;49:221-231.
26. Holly FJ. Surface chemical evaluation of artificial tears and their ingredients, II: interaction with a superficial lipid layer. Contact Lens. 1978;4:52-65.
27. Tiffany JM. Physiological functions of the meibomian glands. Prog Ret Eye Res. 1995;14:47-74.
28. Tomlinson A, Trees GR. Effect of preservatives in artificial tear solutions on tear film evaporation. Ophthalmol Physiol Opt. 1991;11:48-52.
29. Tomlinson A, Cedarstaff TH. Diurnal variation in human tear evaporation. J Brit Contact Lens Assoc. 1992;15:77-79.
30. Trees GR, Tomlinson A. Effect of artificial tear solutions and saline on tear film evaporation. Optom Vis Sci. 1990; 67:886-890.
31. Refojo MF, Rolando M, Belldegrun R, Kenyon KR. Tear evaporimeter for diagnosis and research. In: Holly FJ, ed. The Preocular Tear Film in Health, Disease, and Contact Lens Wear. Lubbock, TX: Dry Eye Institute; 1986:117-126.
32. Rolando M, Refojo MF. Tear evaporimeter for measuring water evaporation rate from the tear film under controlled conditions in humans. Exp Eye Res. 1983;36:25-33.
33. Lemp MA. Report of the National Eye Institute/industry workshop on clinical trials in dry eyes. CLAO J. 1995; 21:221-232.
34. Bird RB, Stewart WE, Lightfoot EN. Transport Phenomena, New York: John Wiley; 1960.