Commercial and industrial aspects of neem-based pesticides

Pestology

Volumn 12, Issue 10, 1998, Pages 15-41

  Gahukar, R T ^a  

^a Pest Control Consultant   (India)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANIMALIA; AZADIRACHTA INDICA;

EID: 0031735411     PISSN: 09703012     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Akhila, A. 1996. Biogenesis of azadirachtin in Azadirachta indica A. Juss. In Abstracts of papers presented at Fifth International Neem Conference, 4-9 Feb. 1996, University of Queensland, Australia.
2. Azam, M.E., Rengasamy, S. and Parmar, B.S. 1996. Estimation of azadirachtin-A content in emulsifiable and solution concentrates of neem. Neem Newsl. 13(1), 3.
3. Baeckstrom, P. and Zandra, H. 1993. A simple and efficient approach to the isolation of azadirachtin from neem seeds. Neem Newsl. 10(3/4), 51.
4. Baladrin, M.F., Lee, S.M. and Klocke, J.A. 1988. Biologically active volatile organosulphur compounds from seeds of the neem tree, Azadirachta indica (Meliaceae). J. Agric. Food Chem. 36, 1048-1054.
5. Baliga, B., Pisat, B. and Argekar, A. 1996. Active volatie constituents from neem tree, Azadirachta indica, Meliaceae: A preliminary report on oil and leaf volatiles. Pestology 20(2), 42-47.
6. Bambarkar, S. 1990. Neem: A vast potential for agrochemicals. Pesticides 24(1), 36-38.
7. Broughton, H.B., Ley, S.V., Slawin, A.M.Z., Williams, D.J. and Morgan, E.D. 1986. X-ray crystallography structure determination of detigloyl-dihydroazadirachtin and reassignment of the structure of the limonoid antifeedant azadirachtin. J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun., 46-47.
8. Butterworth, J.H. and Morgan, E.D. 1968. Isolation of a substance that supreeses feeding in locusts. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun., 23-24.
9. Devakumar, C. 1996. Development of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) products as novel pesticides. pp. 109-121. In Agrochemicals and Sustainable Agriculture (Ed. N.K. Roy). APC Publications Private Ltd., New Delhi.
10. Devakumar, C., Goswami, B.K. and Mukerjee, S.K. 1985. Nematicidal principles from neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss). Part I. Screening of neem kernel fraction against Meloidogyne incognita. Indian J. Nematol. 15, 121-124.
11. Gahukar, R.T. 1992a. Green revolution in foodcrops: An Indian experience. Outlook on Agriculture 21, 129-136.
12. Gahukar, R.T. 1992b. Safe and proper use of insecticides. Pesticides Information 18(1), 12-15, 31.
13. Gahukar, R.T. 1995. Neem in Plant Protection. Agri-Horticultural Publishing House, Nagpur. 170 pp.
14. Gahukar, R.T. 1996. Formulation of Neem-based Products/Pesticides. Neem Foundation, Mumbai. 23 pp.
15. Gahukar, R.T. 1997. Farmers get higher economic returns from neem plantation, pp. 117-119. In Lokmat Special issue on Agriculture (Ed. R. Mahajan). Lokmat Group of Publications, Nagpur.
16. Ganeshkumar, M., Jayakumar, R. Reghupathy, A. and Rajasekaran, B. 1994. Liquid chromatography determination and monitoring of azadirachtin in neem ecotypes. Pestology 18(11), 26-28.
17. Garg, H.S. and Bhakuni, D.S. 1984. An isoprenylated flavanone from leaves of Azadirachta indica. Phytochem. 23, 2115-2118.
18. Govindachari, R., Geetha, G. and Suresh G. 1996. Isolation and quantification of azadirachtin and other major triterpenoids in the seed oil of Azadirachta indica A. Juss. Neem Newsl. 13(2), 21.
19. Immaraju, J., Wood, T., Nelson, R., Ruggero, W. and Wells, S. 1996. Efficacy profile of a commercial neem pesticide, pp. 897-908. In Neem and Environment (Eds. R.P. Singh, M.S. Chari, A.K. Raheja and W. Kraus). Oxford & IBH Publishing Company Private Ltd., New Delhi.
20. Isman, M.B. 1996. Some target and non-target effects of neem insecticides. Neem Newsl. 13(2), 9-10.
21. Jhansi, B.R. and Singh, R.P. 1996. Identification of effective and inexpensive neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) seed kernel extract for management of Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner), pp. 381-403. In Neem and Environment (Eds. R.P. Singh, M.S. Chari, A.K. Raheja and W. Kraus). Oxford & IBH Publishing Company Private Ltd., New Delhi.
22. Kabra, K.N. and Upadhyay, V. 1997. Development and Ecological Role of Neem in India. Neem Foundation, Mumbai. 48 pp.
23. Ketkar, C.M., Kale, G.G. and Tappire, V.B. 1976. Utilization of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) and its byproducts. Final Technical Report, Directorate of Non-Edible Oils and Soap Industry. Khadi and Village Industries Commission, Bombay.
24. Kleeberg H. 1996. The NeemAzal conception: Future possibilities of the use of neem in biological and integrated pest management, pp. 875-882. In Neem and Environment (Eds. R.P. Singh, M.S. Chari, A.K. Raheja and W. Kraus). Oxford & IBH Publishing Company Private Ltd., New Delhi.
25. Koul, O., Isman, M.B. and Ketkar, C.M. 1990. Properties and uses of neem, Azadirachta indica. Can. J. Bot. 68, 1-11.
26. Kumar, J. and Parmar, B.S. 1997a. Neem oil content and its key chemical constituents in relation to the agroecological factors and regions of India. Pesticide Res. J. 9(2), 216-225.
27. Kumar, J. and Parmar, B.S. 1997b. Photochemical and chemical variation in neem oils and some bioactive leads against Spodoptera litura F. Neem Newsl. 14(1), 19.
28. Kumar, K. 1996. Neem products and standardisation: An overview. Pesticides Information 22(1), 9-10, 37.
29. Ley, S.V., Anderson, J.C., Blaney, W.M., Jones, P.S., Lidert, Z., Morgan, E.D., Robinson, N.G., Santafianos, D., Simmods, M.S.J. and Toogood, P.L. 1989. Insect antifeedant from Azadirachta indica. Part V. Chemical modification and structure-activity relationship of azadirachtin and some related limonoids. Tetrahedron 45, 5175-5192.
30. Mohapatra, S., Sawarkar, S.K., Patnaik, H.P. and Senapati, B. 1996. Antifeedant activity of solvent extracts of neem seed kernel against Spodoptera litura F. and their persistency against sunlight through encapsulation. Intern. J. Pest Manage. 41, 154-156.
31. Morgan, E.D. 1981. Strategy in the isolation of insect control substances from plants. pp. 43-52. In Natural Pesticides from Neem Tree. Proceedings of First International Neem Conference., Rottach-Egern, Germany, 16-18 June 1980 (Eds. H. Schmutterer, K.R.S. Ascher and H. Rembold), GTZ, Eschborn, Germany.
32. Palaniswamy, K. 1992. Socio-economic aspects of neem use at the village level. Proceedings Final Workshop on Botanical Pest Control Project, Phase II, International Rice Research Institute, Manila, Philippines.
33. Patel, L.D. 1997. Dehulling technology for oilseeds. Global Neem Update 2(1), 9.
34. Pradhan, S., Jotwani, M.G. and Rai, R.K. 1962. The neem seed deterrent to locust. Indian Farming 12, 7-11.
35. Ramarethinam, S. 1998. Neem formulation best suited for IPM. Pestology 22(6), 63-71.
36. Ramarethinam, S., Viswanathan, S.R. and Rajagopal, B. 1997. Improved methodology of neem oil extraction for pesticidal purposes. Kisan World 24(7), 44-46.
37. Ramkrishna, G., Prasad, N.B.L. and Azeemoddin, G. 1996. Cold pressing of neem seed. pp. 931-937. In Neem and Environment (Eds. R.P. Singh, M.S. Chari, A.K. Raheja and W. Kraus). Oxford & IBH Publishing Company Private Ltd., New Delhi.
38. Rojatkar, S.R., Sawaikar, D.D. and Nagasampagi, B.A. 1993. Neem derivatives of azadirachtin and nimbandiol of Azadirachta indica. Neem Newsl. 10(3/4), 50.
39. Senrayan, R. 1996. Efficacy profile and biosafety of a neem formulation: NeemAzal T/S. Neem Newsl. 13(2), 10-11.
40. Shivakumar, S.S., Palaniswamy, P.T., Vardharaju, N., Gothandapani, L. and Swaminathan, K. R. 1993. Machineries for neem processing, pp. 909-920. In Neem and Environment (Eds. R.P. Singh, M.S. Chari, A.K. Raheja and W. Kraus). Oxford & IBH Publishing Company Private Ltd., New Delhi.
41. Stark, J.D. and Walter, J.F. 1996. Neem oil and neem oil components affect efficacy of commercial neem insecticides. Neem Newsl. 13(1), 3.
42. Subramniam, K.N., Mahadevan, N.P., Shanti, K. and Gurudevsingh, B. 1996. Collection, handling and storage of neem seeds. Global Neem Update 1(3), 9-12.
43. Sundaram, K.M.S. and Curry, R. 1993. High performance liquid chromatography method for the analysis of azadirachtin in two commercial formulations and neem oil. J. Environ. Sci. & Health B, 221-241.
44. Szeto, S. and Wan, M.T. 1996. Hydrolysis of azadirachtin in buffered and natural waters. In Abstracts of papers presented at Fifth International Neem Conference, 4-9 Feb. 1996, University of Queensland, Australia.
45. Thejavathi, R., Kumar, S.S.R., Yakkundi, S.R. and Ravindranath, B. 1996. Stationary phase selection and the concept of multidimentional chromatography for large-scale separation of high-purity azadirachtin. In Abstracts of papers presented at Fifth International Neem Conference, 4-9 Feb. 1996, University of Queensland, Australia.
46. Udaiyan, K., Murugan, K., Vishwanathan, S.R. and Murugesan, N.V. 1995. Stability of azadirachtin in Nimbecidine during storage under different agro-climatic conditions. Pestology 19(5), 33-42.
47. Velumani, S.A., Thirupathi, T.V., Palaniswamy, P.T. and Mohan, T.S. 1993. Process development for defatted neem kernel powder (DFNKP) preparation for the pest control. Bull. Grain Technol. 31, 6-9.
48. Venkateswarlu, B., Katyal, J.C., Choudhuri, J. and Mukhopadhyay, K. 1997. Azadirachtin content in the neem seed samples collected from different dryland regions. Neem Newsl. 14(1), 7-11.
49. Vijayalakshmi, K., Radha, K.S. and Shiva V. 1995. Neem: A User's Manual. Centre for Indian Knowledge Systems, Chennai. 96 pp.
50. Visetson S. and Naknatti, S. 1996. An improved neem extraction method on farms in Thailand. p. 23. In Abstracts of papers presented at Fifth International Neem Conference, 4-9 Feb. 1996, University of Queensland, Australia.
51. Yamasaki, R.B. and Klocke, J.A. 1987. Structure-bioactivity relationship of azadirachtin: A potent insect control agent. J. Agric. Food Chem. 35, 467.
52. Zanno, P.R., Miura, I., Nakanashi, K. and Elder, D.L. 1975. Structure of the insect phagorepellent azadirachtin: Application of DFRT/CWB Carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance. J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 97, 1975-1977.