메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 37, Issue 6, 1998, Pages 515-532

Screening for prostate cancer - More questions than answers

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

PROSTATE SPECIFIC ANTIGEN; TUMOR MARKER;

EID: 0031733675     PISSN: 0284186X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/028418698430214     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (12)

References (179)
  • 1
    • 0027474295 scopus 로고
    • Screening for prostate cancer - Necessity or nonsense?
    • Schröder FH, Boyle P. Screening for prostate cancer - necessity or nonsense? Eur J Cancer 1993; 29A: 656-61.
    • (1993) Eur J Cancer , vol.29 A , pp. 656-661
    • Schröder, F.H.1    Boyle, P.2
  • 2
    • 0027202290 scopus 로고
    • Questioning the value of screening for prostate cancer in asymptomatic men
    • Chodak GW. Questioning the value of screening for prostate cancer in asymptomatic men (editorial). Urology 1993; 42: 116-8.
    • (1993) Urology , vol.42 , pp. 116-118
    • Chodak, G.W.1
  • 3
    • 0030469260 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Controversies in prostate cancer screening. Analogies to the early lung cancer screening debate
    • Collins MM, Barry MJ. Controversies in prostate cancer screening. Analogies to the early lung cancer screening debate. JAMA 1996; 276: 1976-9.
    • (1996) JAMA , vol.276 , pp. 1976-1979
    • Collins, M.M.1    Barry, M.J.2
  • 6
    • 0028348067 scopus 로고
    • Ethics of a prostate cancer screening trial
    • Adami HO, Baron JA, Rothman KJ. Ethics of a prostate cancer screening trial. Lancet 1994; 343: 958-60.
    • (1994) Lancet , vol.343 , pp. 958-960
    • Adami, H.O.1    Baron, J.A.2    Rothman, K.J.3
  • 8
    • 0028053273 scopus 로고
    • Changes in prostate cancer incidence and treatment in the USA
    • Lu-Yao GL, Greenberg ER. Changes in prostate cancer incidence and treatment in the USA. Lancet 1994; 343: 251-4.
    • (1994) Lancet , vol.343 , pp. 251-254
    • Lu-Yao, G.L.1    Greenberg, E.R.2
  • 9
    • 0028795910 scopus 로고
    • The role of increasing detection in the rising incidence of prostate cancer
    • Potosky AL, Miller BA, Albertsen PC, Kramer BS. The role of increasing detection in the rising incidence of prostate cancer. JAMA 1995; 273: 548-52.
    • (1995) JAMA , vol.273 , pp. 548-552
    • Potosky, A.L.1    Miller, B.A.2    Albertsen, P.C.3    Kramer, B.S.4
  • 11
    • 0028811120 scopus 로고
    • Geographical and temporal patterns of incidence and mortality from prostate cancer
    • Boyle P, Maisonneuve P, Napalkov P. Geographical and temporal patterns of incidence and mortality from prostate cancer. Urology 1995; 46 (Suppl 3A): 47-55.
    • (1995) Urology , vol.46 , Issue.SUPPL. 3A , pp. 47-55
    • Boyle, P.1    Maisonneuve, P.2    Napalkov, P.3
  • 12
    • 0021987991 scopus 로고
    • Probabilities of eventually developing or dying of cancer - United States, 1985
    • Seidman H, Mushinski MH, Gelb SK, Silverberg E. Probabilities of eventually developing or dying of cancer - United States, 1985. CA Cancer J Clin 1985; 35: 36-56.
    • (1985) CA Cancer J Clin , vol.35 , pp. 36-56
    • Seidman, H.1    Mushinski, M.H.2    Gelb, S.K.3    Silverberg, E.4
  • 14
    • 78651053187 scopus 로고
    • Latent carcinoma of the prostate
    • Franks LM. Latent carcinoma of the prostate. J Pathol Bacteriol 1954; 68: 603-16.
    • (1954) J Pathol Bacteriol , vol.68 , pp. 603-616
    • Franks, L.M.1
  • 15
    • 0345318466 scopus 로고
    • Zur frage des prostatakrebs
    • Gaynor EP. Zur frage des prostatakrebs. Virchow's Arch Path Anat 1938; 301: 602-52.
    • (1938) Virchow's Arch Path Anat , vol.301 , pp. 602-652
    • Gaynor, E.P.1
  • 16
    • 0018858285 scopus 로고
    • Latent prostate cancer in a consecutive autopsy series
    • Hølund B. Latent prostate cancer in a consecutive autopsy series. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1980; 14: 29-35.
    • (1980) Scand J Urol Nephrol , vol.14 , pp. 29-35
    • Hølund, B.1
  • 17
    • 0027244510 scopus 로고
    • The frequency of carcinoma and intraepithelial neoplasia of the prostate in young male patients
    • Sakr WA, Haas GP, Cassin BF, Pontes JE, Crissman JD. The frequency of carcinoma and intraepithelial neoplasia of the prostate in young male patients. J Urol 1993; 150: 379-85.
    • (1993) J Urol , vol.150 , pp. 379-385
    • Sakr, W.A.1    Haas, G.P.2    Cassin, B.F.3    Pontes, J.E.4    Crissman, J.D.5
  • 18
    • 0024586825 scopus 로고
    • Adenocarcinoma of the prostate in cystoprostatectomy specimens removed for bladder cancer
    • Montie JE, Wood DP, Pontes JE, Boyett JM, Levin HS. Adenocarcinoma of the prostate in cystoprostatectomy specimens removed for bladder cancer. Cancer 1989; 63: 381-5.
    • (1989) Cancer , vol.63 , pp. 381-385
    • Montie, J.E.1    Wood, D.P.2    Pontes, J.E.3    Boyett, J.M.4    Levin, H.S.5
  • 19
    • 0024588802 scopus 로고
    • Unsuspected adenocarcinoma of the prostate in patients undergoing cystoprostatectomy for other causes: Incidence, histology and morphometric observations
    • discussion 1093-4
    • Kabalin JN, McNeal JE, Price HM, Freiha FS, Stamey TA@. Unsuspected adenocarcinoma of the prostate in patients undergoing cystoprostatectomy for other causes: incidence, histology and morphometric observations. J Urol 1989;141: 1091-4; discussion 1093-4.
    • (1989) J Urol , vol.141 , pp. 1091-1094
    • Kabalin, J.N.1    McNeal, J.E.2    Price, H.M.3    Freiha, F.S.4    Stamey, T.A.5
  • 20
    • 0028019312 scopus 로고
    • The pathological features and prognosis of prostate cancer detectable with current diagnostic tests
    • Ohori M, Wheeler TM, Dunn JK, Stamey TA, Scardino PT. The pathological features and prognosis of prostate cancer detectable with current diagnostic tests. J Urol 1994; 152: 1714-20.
    • (1994) J Urol , vol.152 , pp. 1714-1720
    • Ohori, M.1    Wheeler, T.M.2    Dunn, J.K.3    Stamey, T.A.4    Scardino, P.T.5
  • 21
    • 0027401642 scopus 로고
    • Localized prostate cancer. Relationship of tumor volume to clinical significance for treatment of prostate cancer
    • Stamey TA, Freiha FS, McNeal JE, Redwine EA, Whittemore AS, Schmid HP. Localized prostate cancer. Relationship of tumor volume to clinical significance for treatment of prostate cancer. Cancer 1993; 71 (Suppl 3): 933-8.
    • (1993) Cancer , vol.71 , Issue.3 SUPPL. , pp. 933-938
    • Stamey, T.A.1    Freiha, F.S.2    McNeal, J.E.3    Redwine, E.A.4    Whittemore, A.S.5    Schmid, H.P.6
  • 23
    • 0020038310 scopus 로고
    • The national survey of prostate cancer in the United States by the American College of Surgeons
    • Murphy GP, Natarajan N, Pontes JE, et al. The national survey of prostate cancer in the United States by the American College of Surgeons. J Urol 1982; 127: 928-34.
    • (1982) J Urol , vol.127 , pp. 928-934
    • Murphy, G.P.1    Natarajan, N.2    Pontes, J.E.3
  • 24
    • 0030478937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidentie en behandeling van prostaatcarcinoom in de regio van het integraal kankercentrum Amsterdam, 1989-1994
    • Visser O, Horenblas S. Incidentie en behandeling van prostaatcarcinoom in de regio van het integraal kankercentrum Amsterdam, 1989-1994. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 1996; 140: 2627-31.
    • (1996) Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd , vol.140 , pp. 2627-2631
    • Visser, O.1    Horenblas, S.2
  • 25
    • 0024324367 scopus 로고
    • A controlled trial of leuprolide with and without flutamide in prostatic carcinoma
    • Crawford ED, Eisenberger MA, McLeod DG, et al. A controlled trial of leuprolide with and without flutamide in prostatic carcinoma. N Engl J Med 1989; 321: 419-24.
    • (1989) N Engl J Med , vol.321 , pp. 419-424
    • Crawford, E.D.1    Eisenberger, M.A.2    McLeod, D.G.3
  • 26
    • 0001256264 scopus 로고
    • Carcinoma of the prostate. A clinical study of one thousand cases
    • Bumpus HC. Carcinoma of the prostate. A clinical study of one thousand cases. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1926; 46: 150-5.
    • (1926) Surg Gynecol Obstet , vol.46 , pp. 150-155
    • Bumpus, H.C.1
  • 27
    • 33747717287 scopus 로고
    • Prostatic carcinoma. A follow-up on 795 patients treated prior to the endocrine era and a comparison of survival-rates between these and patients treated by endocrine therapy
    • Nesbit RM, Plumb RT. Prostatic carcinoma. A follow-up on 795 patients treated prior to the endocrine era and a comparison of survival-rates between these and patients treated by endocrine therapy. Surgery 1946; 20: 263-72.
    • (1946) Surgery , vol.20 , pp. 263-272
    • Nesbit, R.M.1    Plumb, R.T.2
  • 30
    • 0028029805 scopus 로고
    • Expectant management of early stage pro-static cancer: Swedish experience
    • Johansson JE. Expectant management of early stage pro-static cancer: Swedish experience. J Urol 1994; 152: 1753-6.
    • (1994) J Urol , vol.152 , pp. 1753-1756
    • Johansson, J.E.1
  • 31
    • 0031028711 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fifteen-year survival in prostate cancer. A prospective, population-based study in Sweden
    • Johansson JE, Holmberg L, Johansson S, Bergstrom R, Adami HO. Fifteen-year survival in prostate cancer. A prospective, population-based study in Sweden. JAMA 1997; 277: 467-71.
    • (1997) JAMA , vol.277 , pp. 467-471
    • Johansson, J.E.1    Holmberg, L.2    Johansson, S.3    Bergstrom, R.4    Adami, H.O.5
  • 32
    • 0028158141 scopus 로고
    • Results of conservative management of clinically localized prostate cancer
    • Chodak GW, Thisted RA, Gerber GS, et al. Results of conservative management of clinically localized prostate cancer. N Engl J Med 1994; 330: 242-8.
    • (1994) N Engl J Med , vol.330 , pp. 242-248
    • Chodak, G.W.1    Thisted, R.A.2    Gerber, G.S.3
  • 33
    • 0028865258 scopus 로고
    • Impact of competing mortality on the cancer-related mortality in localized prostate cancer
    • Aus G, Pileblad E, Hugosson J. Impact of competing mortality on the cancer-related mortality in localized prostate cancer. Urology 1995; 46: 672-5.
    • (1995) Urology , vol.46 , pp. 672-675
    • Aus, G.1    Pileblad, E.2    Hugosson, J.3
  • 34
    • 0029081776 scopus 로고
    • Long-term survival among men with conservatively treated localized prostate cancer
    • Albertsen PC, Fryback DG, Storer BE, Kolon TF, Fine J. Long-term survival among men with conservatively treated localized prostate cancer. JAMA 1995; 274: 626-31.
    • (1995) JAMA , vol.274 , pp. 626-631
    • Albertsen, P.C.1    Fryback, D.G.2    Storer, B.E.3    Kolon, T.F.4    Fine, J.5
  • 35
    • 0027286515 scopus 로고
    • Clinical observations on the doubling time of prostate cancer
    • Schmid HP, McNeal JE, Stamey TA. Clinical observations on the doubling time of prostate cancer. Eur Urol 1993; 23 (Suppl 2): 60-3.
    • (1993) Eur Urol , vol.23 , Issue.2 SUPPL. , pp. 60-63
    • Schmid, H.P.1    McNeal, J.E.2    Stamey, T.A.3
  • 36
    • 0027465152 scopus 로고
    • Observations on the doubling time of prostate cancer. The use of serial prostate-specific antigen in patients with untreated disease as a measure of increasing cancer volume
    • Schmid HP, McNeal JE, Stamey TA. Observations on the doubling time of prostate cancer. The use of serial prostate-specific antigen in patients with untreated disease as a measure of increasing cancer volume. Cancer 1993; 71: 2031-40.
    • (1993) Cancer , vol.71 , pp. 2031-2040
    • Schmid, H.P.1    McNeal, J.E.2    Stamey, T.A.3
  • 37
    • 0027943285 scopus 로고
    • Early detection of prostate cancer: The nature of cancers detected with current diagnostic tests
    • Ohori M, Scardino PT. Early detection of prostate cancer: the nature of cancers detected with current diagnostic tests. Semin Oncol 1994; 21: 522-6.
    • (1994) Semin Oncol , vol.21 , pp. 522-526
    • Ohori, M.1    Scardino, P.T.2
  • 40
    • 0025171282 scopus 로고
    • Histologic differentiation, cancer volume, and pelvic lymph node metastasis in adenocarcinoma of the prostate
    • McNeal JE, Villers AA, Redwine EA, Freiha FS, Stamey TA. Histologic differentiation, cancer volume, and pelvic lymph node metastasis in adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Cancer 1990; 66: 1225-33.
    • (1990) Cancer , vol.66 , pp. 1225-1233
    • McNeal, J.E.1    Villers, A.A.2    Redwine, E.A.3    Freiha, F.S.4    Stamey, T.A.5
  • 41
    • 0017720307 scopus 로고
    • Latent carcinoma of the prostate at autopsy in seven areas
    • Breslow N, Chan CW, Dhom G, et al. Latent carcinoma of the prostate at autopsy in seven areas. Int J Cancer 1977; 20: 680-8.
    • (1977) Int J Cancer , vol.20 , pp. 680-688
    • Breslow, N.1    Chan, C.W.2    Dhom, G.3
  • 42
    • 0014238073 scopus 로고
    • Mortality from cancer and other diseases among Japanese in the United States
    • Haenszel W, Kurihara M. Mortality from cancer and other diseases among Japanese in the United States. J Natl Cancer Inst 1968; 40: 43-68.
    • (1968) J Natl Cancer Inst , vol.40 , pp. 43-68
    • Haenszel, W.1    Kurihara, M.2
  • 43
    • 0024333326 scopus 로고
    • Cohort study of diet, lifestyle, and prostate cancer in Adventist men
    • Mills PK, Beeson WL, Phillips RL, Fraser GE. Cohort study of diet, lifestyle, and prostate cancer in Adventist men. Cancer 1989; 64 (3): 598-604.
    • (1989) Cancer , vol.64 , Issue.3 , pp. 598-604
    • Mills, P.K.1    Beeson, W.L.2    Phillips, R.L.3    Fraser, G.E.4
  • 44
    • 0029858596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cis - trans lycopene isomers, carotenoids, and retinol in the human prostate
    • Clinton SK, Emenhiser C, Schwartz SJ, et al. Cis - trans lycopene isomers, carotenoids, and retinol in the human prostate. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 1996; 5: 823-33.
    • (1996) Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev , vol.5 , pp. 823-833
    • Clinton, S.K.1    Emenhiser, C.2    Schwartz, S.J.3
  • 46
    • 0029691551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of diet on tumors of hormonal tissues
    • Rao GN. Influence of diet on tumors of hormonal tissues. Prog Clin Biol Res 1996; 394: 41-56.
    • (1996) Prog Clin Biol Res , vol.394 , pp. 41-56
    • Rao, G.N.1
  • 48
    • 0029126051 scopus 로고
    • Decreased growth of established human prostate LN-CaP tumors in nude mice fed a low-fat diet
    • Wang Y, Corr JG, Thaler HT, Tao Y, Fair WR, Heston WD. Decreased growth of established human prostate LN-CaP tumors in nude mice fed a low-fat diet. J Natl Cancer Inst 1995; 87: 1456-62.
    • (1995) J Natl Cancer Inst , vol.87 , pp. 1456-1462
    • Wang, Y.1    Corr, J.G.2    Thaler, H.T.3    Tao, Y.4    Fair, W.R.5    Heston, W.D.6
  • 51
    • 85038549003 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemoprevention of rat prostate carcinogenesis by use of finasteride or casodex: A study of dose finding
    • Ab-stract 886
    • Tsukamoto S, Akaza H, Onozawa M, Imade S, Tsukuba, Shirai T. Chemoprevention of rat prostate carcinogenesis by use of finasteride or casodex: A study of dose finding (Ab-stract 886). J Urol 1997; 157: 227.
    • (1997) J Urol , vol.157 , pp. 227
    • Tsukamoto, S.1    Akaza, H.2    Onozawa, M.3    Imade, S.4    Tsukuba5    Shirai, T.6
  • 52
    • 0031031930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phase II chemoprevention trial of oral fenretinide in patients at risk for adenocarcinoma of the prostate
    • Pienta KJ, Esper PS, Zwas F, Krzeminski R, Flaherty LE. Phase II chemoprevention trial of oral fenretinide in patients at risk for adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Am J Clin Oncol 1997; 20: 36-9.
    • (1997) Am J Clin Oncol , vol.20 , pp. 36-39
    • Pienta, K.J.1    Esper, P.S.2    Zwas, F.3    Krzeminski, R.4    Flaherty, L.E.5
  • 54
    • 0028197437 scopus 로고
    • Chemoprevention of prostate cancer
    • Brawley OW, Thompson IM. Chemoprevention of prostate cancer. Urology 1994; 43: 594-9.
    • (1994) Urology , vol.43 , pp. 594-599
    • Brawley, O.W.1    Thompson, I.M.2
  • 55
    • 0020023484 scopus 로고
    • Recent patterns of care of prostate cancer patients in the United States: Results from the surveys of the American College of Surgeons Commission on Cancer
    • Mettlin C, Natarajan N, Murphy GP. Recent patterns of care of prostate cancer patients in the United States: results from the surveys of the American College of Surgeons Commission on Cancer. Int Adv Surg Oncol 1982; 5: 277-321.
    • (1982) Int Adv Surg Oncol , vol.5 , pp. 277-321
    • Mettlin, C.1    Natarajan, N.2    Murphy, G.P.3
  • 56
    • 0026761441 scopus 로고
    • Frequency and location of extracapsular extension and positive surgical margins in radical prostatectomy specimens
    • Rosen MA, Goldstone L, Lapin S, Wheeler T, Scardino PT. Frequency and location of extracapsular extension and positive surgical margins in radical prostatectomy specimens. J Urol 1992; 148: 331-7.
    • (1992) J Urol , vol.148 , pp. 331-337
    • Rosen, M.A.1    Goldstone, L.2    Lapin, S.3    Wheeler, T.4    Scardino, P.T.5
  • 57
    • 0027755401 scopus 로고
    • The value of serial prostate specific antigen determinations 5 years after radiotherapy: Steeply increasing values characterize 80% of patients
    • Stamey TA, Ferrari MK, Schmid HP. The value of serial prostate specific antigen determinations 5 years after radiotherapy: steeply increasing values characterize 80% of patients. J Urol 1993; 150: 1856-9.
    • (1993) J Urol , vol.150 , pp. 1856-1859
    • Stamey, T.A.1    Ferrari, M.K.2    Schmid, H.P.3
  • 58
    • 0025849053 scopus 로고
    • Measurement of prostate-specific antigen in serum as a screening test for prostate cancer
    • Catalona WJ, Smith DS, Ratliff TL, et al. Measurement of prostate-specific antigen in serum as a screening test for prostate cancer. N Engl J Med 1991; 324: 1156-61.
    • (1991) N Engl J Med , vol.324 , pp. 1156-1161
    • Catalona, W.J.1    Smith, D.S.2    Ratliff, T.L.3
  • 59
    • 0027226031 scopus 로고
    • Detection of organ-confined prostate cancer is increased through prostate-specific antigen-based screening
    • Catalona WJ, Smith DS, Ratliff TL, Basler JW. Detection of organ-confined prostate cancer is increased through prostate-specific antigen-based screening. JAMA 1993; 270: 948-54.
    • (1993) JAMA , vol.270 , pp. 948-954
    • Catalona, W.J.1    Smith, D.S.2    Ratliff, T.L.3    Basler, J.W.4
  • 60
    • 0028256194 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of digital rectal examination and serum prostate specific antigen in the early detection of prostate cancer: Results of a multicenter clinical trial of 6630 men
    • Catalona WJ, Richie JP, Ahmann FR, et al. Comparison of digital rectal examination and serum prostate specific antigen in the early detection of prostate cancer: results of a multicenter clinical trial of 6630 men. J Urol 1994; 151: 1283-90.
    • (1994) J Urol , vol.151 , pp. 1283-1290
    • Catalona, W.J.1    Richie, J.P.2    Ahmann, F.R.3
  • 61
    • 0027959738 scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of prostate cancer detected in the American Cancer Society-National Prostate Cancer Detection Project
    • Mettlin C, Murphy GP, Lee F, et al. Characteristics of prostate cancer detected in the American Cancer Society-National Prostate Cancer Detection Project. J Urol 1994; 152: 1737-40.
    • (1994) J Urol , vol.152 , pp. 1737-1740
    • Mettlin, C.1    Murphy, G.P.2    Lee, F.3
  • 62
    • 0028801975 scopus 로고
    • A prospective evaluation of plasma prostate-specific antigen for detection of prostatic cancer
    • Gann PH, Hennekens CH, Stampfer MJ. A prospective evaluation of plasma prostate-specific antigen for detection of prostatic cancer. JAMA 1995; 273: 289-94.
    • (1995) JAMA , vol.273 , pp. 289-294
    • Gann, P.H.1    Hennekens, C.H.2    Stampfer, M.J.3
  • 63
    • 0015031004 scopus 로고
    • Diagnostic application of ultrasonotomography to the prostate
    • Watanabe H, Kaiho H, Tanaka M, Terasawa Y. Diagnostic application of ultrasonotomography to the prostate. Invest Urol 1971; 8: 548-59.
    • (1971) Invest Urol , vol.8 , pp. 548-559
    • Watanabe, H.1    Kaiho, H.2    Tanaka, M.3    Terasawa, Y.4
  • 66
    • 0021215811 scopus 로고
    • Liquefaction of coagulated human semen
    • Lilja H, Laurell CB. Liquefaction of coagulated human semen. Scand J Clin Invest 1984; 44: 447-52.
    • (1984) Scand J Clin Invest , vol.44 , pp. 447-452
    • Lilja, H.1    Laurell, C.B.2
  • 67
    • 0028070863 scopus 로고
    • Relationship between prostatic epithelial volume and serum prostate-specific antigen levels
    • Lepor H, Wang B, Shapiro E. Relationship between prostatic epithelial volume and serum prostate-specific antigen levels. Urology 1994; 44: 199-205.
    • (1994) Urology , vol.44 , pp. 199-205
    • Lepor, H.1    Wang, B.2    Shapiro, E.3
  • 68
    • 0030215889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Detection of prostate specific antigen in pancreas and salivary glands: A potential impact on prostate cancer overestimation
    • Elgamal AA, Ectors NL, Sunardhi-Widyaputra S, Van Poppel HP, Van Damme BJ, Baert LV. Detection of prostate specific antigen in pancreas and salivary glands: a potential impact on prostate cancer overestimation. J Urol 1996; 156: 464-8.
    • (1996) J Urol , vol.156 , pp. 464-468
    • Elgamal, A.A.1    Ectors, N.L.2    Sunardhi-Widyaputra, S.3    Van Poppel, H.P.4    Van Damme, B.J.5    Baert, L.V.6
  • 69
    • 0028809267 scopus 로고
    • Nonprostatic sources of prostate-specific antigen: A steroid hormone dependent phenomenon?
    • Graves HCB. Nonprostatic sources of prostate-specific antigen: a steroid hormone dependent phenomenon? Clin Chem 1995; 41: 7-9.
    • (1995) Clin Chem , vol.41 , pp. 7-9
    • Graves, H.C.B.1
  • 70
    • 0029940631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prostate specific antigen is metabolized in the liver
    • Agha AH, Schechter E, Roy JB, Culkin DJ. Prostate specific antigen is metabolized in the liver. J Urol 1996; 155: 1332-5.
    • (1996) J Urol , vol.155 , pp. 1332-1335
    • Agha, A.H.1    Schechter, E.2    Roy, J.B.3    Culkin, D.J.4
  • 71
    • 0029976613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reference range of prostate-specific antigen after trans-urethral resection of the prostate
    • Aus G, Bergdahl S, Prosing R, Lodding P, Pileblad E, Hugosson J. Reference range of prostate-specific antigen after trans-urethral resection of the prostate. Urology 1996; 47 (4): 529-31.
    • (1996) Urology , vol.47 , Issue.4 , pp. 529-531
    • Aus, G.1    Bergdahl, S.2    Prosing, R.3    Lodding, P.4    Pileblad, E.5    Hugosson, J.6
  • 72
    • 0026583498 scopus 로고
    • Effects of rectal examination, prostatic massage, ultrasonography and needle biopsy on serum prostate specific antigen levels
    • Yuan JJJ, Coplen DE, Petros JA, et al. Effects of rectal examination, prostatic massage, ultrasonography and needle biopsy on serum prostate specific antigen levels. J Urol 1992; 147: 810-4.
    • (1992) J Urol , vol.147 , pp. 810-814
    • Yuan, J.J.J.1    Coplen, D.E.2    Petros, J.A.3
  • 73
    • 0026700903 scopus 로고
    • Effect of digital rectal examination on serum concentration of prostate-specific antigen
    • Breul J, Binder K, Block T, Hartung R. Effect of digital rectal examination on serum concentration of prostate-specific antigen. Eur Urol 1992; 21: 195-9.
    • (1992) Eur Urol , vol.21 , pp. 195-199
    • Breul, J.1    Binder, K.2    Block, T.3    Hartung, R.4
  • 75
    • 0030855548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of ejaculation on serum total and free prostate-specific antigen concentrations
    • Herschman JD, Smith DS, Catalona WJ. Effect of ejaculation on serum total and free prostate-specific antigen concentrations. Urology 1997; 50: 239-43.
    • (1997) Urology , vol.50 , pp. 239-243
    • Herschman, J.D.1    Smith, D.S.2    Catalona, W.J.3
  • 76
    • 0029006056 scopus 로고
    • Effect of ejaculation on prostate-specific antigen levels in normal men
    • Kirkali Z, Kirkali G, Esen A. Effect of ejaculation on prostate-specific antigen levels in normal men. Eur Urol 1995; 27: 292-4.
    • (1995) Eur Urol , vol.27 , pp. 292-294
    • Kirkali, Z.1    Kirkali, G.2    Esen, A.3
  • 78
    • 0027296954 scopus 로고
    • The impact of ejaculation on serum prostate specific antigen
    • Simak R, Madersbacher S, Zhang ZF, Maier U. The impact of ejaculation on serum prostate specific antigen. J Urol 1993; 150: 895-7.
    • (1993) J Urol , vol.150 , pp. 895-897
    • Simak, R.1    Madersbacher, S.2    Zhang, Z.F.3    Maier, U.4
  • 80
    • 0024599612 scopus 로고
    • Prostate specific antigen in the diagnosis and treatment of adenocarcinoma of the prostate. II. Radical prostatectomy treated patients
    • Stamey TA, Kabalin JN, McNeal JE, et al. Prostate specific antigen in the diagnosis and treatment of adenocarcinoma of the prostate. II. Radical prostatectomy treated patients. J Urol 1989; 141: 1076-83.
    • (1989) J Urol , vol.141 , pp. 1076-1083
    • Stamey, T.A.1    Kabalin, J.N.2    McNeal, J.E.3
  • 81
    • 0028972343 scopus 로고
    • Prospective observational study to assess value of prostate specific antigen as screening test for prostate cancer
    • Parkes C, Wald NJ, Murphy P, et al. Prospective observational study to assess value of prostate specific antigen as screening test for prostate cancer. Br Med J 1995; 311: 1340-3.
    • (1995) Br Med J , vol.311 , pp. 1340-1343
    • Parkes, C.1    Wald, N.J.2    Murphy, P.3
  • 83
    • 0027972144 scopus 로고
    • Serum concentrations of prostate specific antigen and its complex with alpha 1-antichymotrypsin before diagnosis of prostate cancer
    • Stenman UH, Hakama M, Knekt P, Aromaa A, Teppo L, Leinonen J. Serum concentrations of prostate specific antigen and its complex with alpha 1-antichymotrypsin before diagnosis of prostate cancer. Lancet 1994; 344: 1594-8.
    • (1994) Lancet , vol.344 , pp. 1594-1598
    • Stenman, U.H.1    Hakama, M.2    Knekt, P.3    Aromaa, A.4    Teppo, L.5    Leinonen, J.6
  • 84
    • 0027938330 scopus 로고
    • Selection of optimal prostate specific antigen cutoffs for early detection of prostate cancer: Receiver operating characteristic curves
    • Catalona WJ, Hudson MA, Scardino PT, et al. Selection of optimal prostate specific antigen cutoffs for early detection of prostate cancer: receiver operating characteristic curves. J Urol 1994; 152: 2037-42.
    • (1994) J Urol , vol.152 , pp. 2037-2042
    • Catalona, W.J.1    Hudson, M.A.2    Scardino, P.T.3
  • 85
    • 0026583502 scopus 로고
    • Serum prostate specific antigen as pre-screening test for prostate cancer
    • Labrie F, Dupont A, Suburu R, et al. Serum prostate specific antigen as pre-screening test for prostate cancer. J Urol 1992; 147: 846-51.
    • (1992) J Urol , vol.147 , pp. 846-851
    • Labrie, F.1    Dupont, A.2    Suburu, R.3
  • 86
    • 0026572980 scopus 로고
    • The relationship of prostate-specific antigen to digital rectal examination and transrectal ultrasonography. Findings of the American Cancer Society National Prostate Cancer Detection Project
    • Babaian RJ, Mettlin C, Kane R, et al. The relationship of prostate-specific antigen to digital rectal examination and transrectal ultrasonography. Findings of the American Cancer Society National Prostate Cancer Detection Project. Cancer 1992; 69: 1195-200.
    • (1992) Cancer , vol.69 , pp. 1195-1200
    • Babaian, R.J.1    Mettlin, C.2    Kane, R.3
  • 87
    • 0025819478 scopus 로고
    • The American Cancer Society National Prostate Cancer Detection Project. Findings on the detection of early prostate cancer in 2425 men
    • Mettlin C, Lee F, Drago J, Murphy GP. The American Cancer Society National Prostate Cancer Detection Project. Findings on the detection of early prostate cancer in 2425 men. Cancer 1991; 67: 2949-58.
    • (1991) Cancer , vol.67 , pp. 2949-2958
    • Mettlin, C.1    Lee, F.2    Drago, J.3    Murphy, G.P.4
  • 88
    • 13344259322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The results of a five-year early prostate cancer detection intervention. Investigators of the American Cancer Society National Prostate Cancer Detection Project
    • Mettlin C, Murphy GP, Babaian RJ, et al. The results of a five-year early prostate cancer detection intervention. Investigators of the American Cancer Society National Prostate Cancer Detection Project. Cancer 1996; 77: 150-9.
    • (1996) Cancer , vol.77 , pp. 150-159
    • Mettlin, C.1    Murphy, G.P.2    Babaian, R.J.3
  • 89
    • 0026470322 scopus 로고
    • Diagnostic methods in the detection of prostate cancer: A study of a randomly selected population of 2400 men
    • Gustafsson O, Norming U, Almgard LE, et al. Diagnostic methods in the detection of prostate cancer: a study of a randomly selected population of 2400 men. J Urol 1992; 148: 1827-31.
    • (1992) J Urol , vol.148 , pp. 1827-1831
    • Gustafsson, O.1    Norming, U.2    Almgard, L.E.3
  • 90
    • 0029971101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Serum prostate-specific antigen and digital rectal examination for early detection of prostate cancer in a national community-based program. The Prostate Cancer Education Council
    • Crawford ED, DeAntoni EP, Etzioni R, Schaefer VC, Olson RM, Ross CA. Serum prostate-specific antigen and digital rectal examination for early detection of prostate cancer in a national community-based program. The Prostate Cancer Education Council. Urology 1996; 47: 863-9.
    • (1996) Urology , vol.47 , pp. 863-869
    • Crawford, E.D.1    DeAntoni, E.P.2    Etzioni, R.3    Schaefer, V.C.4    Olson, R.M.5    Ross, C.A.6
  • 91
    • 0025295790 scopus 로고
    • Prostate cancer detection in a clinical urological practice by ultrasonography, digital rectal examination and prostate specific antigen
    • discussion 1152-4
    • Cooner WH, Mosley BR, Rutherford CL, Jr, et al. Prostate cancer detection in a clinical urological practice by ultrasonography, digital rectal examination and prostate specific antigen. J Urol 1990;143: 1146-2; discussion 1152-4.
    • (1990) J Urol , vol.143 , pp. 1146-1152
    • Cooner, W.H.1    Mosley, B.R.2    Rutherford Jr., C.L.3
  • 92
    • 0024604794 scopus 로고
    • Assessment of screening for prostate cancer using the digital rectal examination
    • Chodak GW, Keller P, Schoenberg HW. Assessment of screening for prostate cancer using the digital rectal examination. J Urol 1989; 141: 1136-8.
    • (1989) J Urol , vol.141 , pp. 1136-1138
    • Chodak, G.W.1    Keller, P.2    Schoenberg, H.W.3
  • 93
    • 0025371803 scopus 로고
    • Screening for carcinoma of the prostate by digital rectal examination in a randomly selected population
    • Pedersen KV, Carlsson P, Varenhorst E, Lofman O, Berglund K Screening for carcinoma of the prostate by digital rectal examination in a randomly selected population. Br Med J 1991; 300: 1041-4.
    • (1991) Br Med J , vol.300 , pp. 1041-1044
    • Pedersen, K.V.1    Carlsson, P.2    Varenhorst, E.3    Lofman, O.4    Berglund, K.5
  • 94
    • 0028884362 scopus 로고
    • Interexaminer variability of digital rectal examination in detecting prostate cancer
    • Smith DS, Catalona WJ. Interexaminer variability of digital rectal examination in detecting prostate cancer. Urology 1995; 45: 70-4.
    • (1995) Urology , vol.45 , pp. 70-74
    • Smith, D.S.1    Catalona, W.J.2
  • 95
    • 0022405921 scopus 로고
    • Transrectal ultrasound in the diagnosis of prostate cancer: Location, echogenicity, histopathology, and staging
    • Lee F, Gray JM, McLeary RD, et al. Transrectal ultrasound in the diagnosis of prostate cancer: location, echogenicity, histopathology, and staging. Prostate 1985; 7: 117-29.
    • (1985) Prostate , vol.7 , pp. 117-129
    • Lee, F.1    Gray, J.M.2    McLeary, R.D.3
  • 96
    • 0025996719 scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of transrectal ultrasound for identification of clinically undetected prostate cancer
    • discussion 83-84
    • Terris MK, Freiha FS, McNeal JE, Stamey TA. Efficacy of transrectal ultrasound for identification of clinically undetected prostate cancer. J Urol 1991; 146: 78-83; discussion 83-84.
    • (1991) J Urol , vol.146 , pp. 78-83
    • Terris, M.K.1    Freiha, F.S.2    McNeal, J.E.3    Stamey, T.A.4
  • 97
    • 0024579802 scopus 로고
    • Hypoechoic lesions of the prostate: Clinical relevance of tumor size, digital rectal examination and prostate specific antigen
    • Lee F, Torp-Pedersen S, Littrup PJ, et al. Hypoechoic lesions of the prostate: clinical relevance of tumor size, digital rectal examination and prostate specific antigen. Radiology 1989; 170: 29-32.
    • (1989) Radiology , vol.170 , pp. 29-32
    • Lee, F.1    Torp-Pedersen, S.2    Littrup, P.J.3
  • 98
    • 0028127141 scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis of prostatic carcinoma: The yield of serum prostate specific antigen, digital rectal examination and transrectal ultrasonography
    • Ellis WJ, Chetner MP, Preston SD, Brawer MK. Diagnosis of prostatic carcinoma: the yield of serum prostate specific antigen, digital rectal examination and transrectal ultrasonography. J Urol 1994; 152: 1520-5.
    • (1994) J Urol , vol.152 , pp. 1520-1525
    • Ellis, W.J.1    Chetner, M.P.2    Preston, S.D.3    Brawer, M.K.4
  • 100
    • 84942475860 scopus 로고
    • Pathologic and clinical findings to predict tumor extent of nonpalpable (stage T1c) prostate cancer
    • Epstein JI, Walsh PC, Carmichael M, Brendler CB. Pathologic and clinical findings to predict tumor extent of nonpalpable (stage T1c) prostate cancer. JAMA 1994; 271: 368-74.
    • (1994) JAMA , vol.271 , pp. 368-374
    • Epstein, J.I.1    Walsh, P.C.2    Carmichael, M.3    Brendler, C.B.4
  • 101
    • 0028867019 scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of prostate cancer found with early detection regimens
    • Brendler CB. Characteristics of prostate cancer found with early detection regimens. Urology 1995; 46 (Suppl 3A): 71-6.
    • (1995) Urology , vol.46 , Issue.SUPPL. 3A , pp. 71-76
    • Brendler, C.B.1
  • 102
    • 0029011079 scopus 로고
    • PSA-detected prostate cancer: Contrasts with palpable disease
    • Matthews GJ, Fracchia JA. PSA-detected prostate cancer: contrasts with palpable disease. J Surg Oncol 1995; 59: 28-30.
    • (1995) J Surg Oncol , vol.59 , pp. 28-30
    • Matthews, G.J.1    Fracchia, J.A.2
  • 103
    • 0027813109 scopus 로고
    • PSA-detected (clinical stage T1c or BO) prostate cancer. Pathologically significant tumors
    • Oesterling JE, Suman VJ, Zincke H, Bostwick DG. PSA-detected (clinical stage T1c or BO) prostate cancer. Pathologically significant tumors. Urol Clin North Am 1993; 20: 687-93.
    • (1993) Urol Clin North Am , vol.20 , pp. 687-693
    • Oesterling, J.E.1    Suman, V.J.2    Zincke, H.3    Bostwick, D.G.4
  • 104
    • 0025696864 scopus 로고
    • Prostate-specific antigen and prostate gland volume: Correlation and clinical application
    • Babaian RJ, Fritsche HA, Evans RB. Prostate-specific antigen and prostate gland volume: correlation and clinical application. J Clin Lab Anal 1990; 4: 135-7.
    • (1990) J Clin Lab Anal , vol.4 , pp. 135-137
    • Babaian, R.J.1    Fritsche, H.A.2    Evans, R.B.3
  • 105
    • 0026524212 scopus 로고
    • The distribution of prostate specific antigen in men without clinical or pathological evidence of prostate cancer: Relationship to gland volume and age
    • Babaian RJ, Miyashita H, Evans RB, Ramirez EI. The distribution of prostate specific antigen in men without clinical or pathological evidence of prostate cancer: relationship to gland volume and age. J Urol 1992; 147: 837-40.
    • (1992) J Urol , vol.147 , pp. 837-840
    • Babaian, R.J.1    Miyashita, H.2    Evans, R.B.3    Ramirez, E.I.4
  • 106
    • 0026536328 scopus 로고
    • The use of prostate specific antigen density to enhance the predictive value of intermediate levels of serum prostate specific antigen
    • Benson MC, Whang IS, Olsson CA, McMahon DJ, Cooner WH. The use of prostate specific antigen density to enhance the predictive value of intermediate levels of serum prostate specific antigen. J Urol 1992; 147: 817-21.
    • (1992) J Urol , vol.147 , pp. 817-821
    • Benson, M.C.1    Whang, I.S.2    Olsson, C.A.3    McMahon, D.J.4    Cooner, W.H.5
  • 107
    • 0026578501 scopus 로고
    • Prostate specific antigen density: A means of distinguishing benign prostatic hypertrophy and prostate cancer
    • Benson MC, Whang IS, Pantuck A, et al. Prostate specific antigen density: a means of distinguishing benign prostatic hypertrophy and prostate cancer. J Urol 1992; 147: 815-6.
    • (1992) J Urol , vol.147 , pp. 815-816
    • Benson, M.C.1    Whang, I.S.2    Pantuck, A.3
  • 108
    • 0028069633 scopus 로고
    • Prospective evaluation of prostate specific antigen density and systematic biopsies for early detection of prostatic carcinoma
    • Bazinet M, Meshref AW, Trudel C, et al. Prospective evaluation of prostate specific antigen density and systematic biopsies for early detection of prostatic carcinoma. Urology 1994; 43: 44-52.
    • (1994) Urology , vol.43 , pp. 44-52
    • Bazinet, M.1    Meshref, A.W.2    Trudel, C.3
  • 109
    • 0027945589 scopus 로고
    • Cost-effective prostate cancer detection. Reduction of low-yield biopsies. Investigators of the American Cancer Society National Prostate Cancer Detection Project
    • Littrup PJ, Kane RA, Mettlin CJ, et al. Cost-effective prostate cancer detection. Reduction of low-yield biopsies. Investigators of the American Cancer Society National Prostate Cancer Detection Project. Cancer 1994; 74: 3146-58.
    • (1994) Cancer , vol.74 , pp. 3146-3158
    • Littrup, P.J.1    Kane, R.A.2    Mettlin, C.J.3
  • 110
    • 0028073510 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of prostate specific antigen concentration versus prostate specific antigen density in the early detection of prostate cancer: Receiver operating characteristic curves
    • Catalona WJ, Richie JP, deKernion JB, et al. Comparison of prostate specific antigen concentration versus prostate specific antigen density in the early detection of prostate cancer: receiver operating characteristic curves. J Urol 1994; 152: 2031-6.
    • (1994) J Urol , vol.152 , pp. 2031-2036
    • Catalona, W.J.1    Richie, J.P.2    Dekernion, J.B.3
  • 111
    • 0029084984 scopus 로고
    • The lack of predictive value of prostate specific antigen density in the detection of prostate cancer in patients with normal rectal examinations and intermediate prostate specific antigen levels
    • Cookson MS, Floyd MK, Ball TP, Jr, Miller EK, Sarosdy MF. The lack of predictive value of prostate specific antigen density in the detection of prostate cancer in patients with normal rectal examinations and intermediate prostate specific antigen levels. J Urol 1995; 154: 1070-3.
    • (1995) J Urol , vol.154 , pp. 1070-1073
    • Cookson, M.S.1    Floyd, M.K.2    Ball Jr., T.P.3    Miller, E.K.4    Sarosdy, M.F.5
  • 112
    • 0028082194 scopus 로고
    • Correlation of prostate-specific antigen and prostate-specific antigen density with outcome of prostate biopsy
    • Bare R, Hart L, McCullough DL. Correlation of prostate-specific antigen and prostate-specific antigen density with outcome of prostate biopsy. Urology 1994; 43: 191-6.
    • (1994) Urology , vol.43 , pp. 191-196
    • Bare, R.1    Hart, L.2    McCullough, D.L.3
  • 113
    • 0028832401 scopus 로고
    • Is prostate-specific antigen density more useful than prostate-specific antigen levels in the diagnosis of prostate cancer?
    • Ohori M, Dunn JK, Scardino PT. Is prostate-specific antigen density more useful than prostate-specific antigen levels in the diagnosis of prostate cancer? Urology 1995; 46: 666-71.
    • (1995) Urology , vol.46 , pp. 666-671
    • Ohori, M.1    Dunn, J.K.2    Scardino, P.T.3
  • 114
    • 0027265780 scopus 로고
    • The inability of prostate specific antigen index to enhance the predictive value of prostate specific antigen in the diagnosis of prostatic carcinoma
    • Brawer MK, Aramburu EA, Chen GL, Preston SD, Ellis WJ. The inability of prostate specific antigen index to enhance the predictive value of prostate specific antigen in the diagnosis of prostatic carcinoma. J Urol 1993; 150: 369-73.
    • (1993) J Urol , vol.150 , pp. 369-373
    • Brawer, M.K.1    Aramburu, E.A.2    Chen, G.L.3    Preston, S.D.4    Ellis, W.J.5
  • 115
    • 0028803176 scopus 로고
    • Prostate specific antigen in a community-based sample of men without prostate cancer: Correlations with prostate volume, age, body mass index, and symptoms of prostatism
    • Bosch JL, Hop WC, Bangma CH, Kirkels WJ, Schröder FH. Prostate specific antigen in a community-based sample of men without prostate cancer: correlations with prostate volume, age, body mass index, and symptoms of prostatism. Prostate 1995; 27: 241-9.
    • (1995) Prostate , vol.27 , pp. 241-249
    • Bosch, J.L.1    Hop, W.C.2    Bangma, C.H.3    Kirkels, W.J.4    Schröder, F.H.5
  • 116
    • 0027244140 scopus 로고
    • Serum prostate-specific antigen in a community-based population of healthy men. Establishment of age-specific reference ranges
    • Oesterling JE, Jacobsen SJ, Chute CG, et al. Serum prostate-specific antigen in a community-based population of healthy men. Establishment of age-specific reference ranges. JAMA 1993; 270: 860-4.
    • (1993) JAMA , vol.270 , pp. 860-864
    • Oesterling, J.E.1    Jacobsen, S.J.2    Chute, C.G.3
  • 117
    • 0028943689 scopus 로고
    • The use of age-specific reference ranges for serum prostate specific antigen in men 60 years old or older
    • Oesterling JE, Jacobsen SJ, Cooner WH. The use of age-specific reference ranges for serum prostate specific antigen in men 60 years old or older. J Urol 1995; 153: 1160-3.
    • (1995) J Urol , vol.153 , pp. 1160-1163
    • Oesterling, J.E.1    Jacobsen, S.J.2    Cooner, W.H.3
  • 118
    • 0029968533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Standard versus age-specific prostate specific antigen reference ranges among men with clinically localized prostate cancer: A pathological analysis
    • Partin AW, Criley SR, Subong EN, Zincke H, Walsh PC, Oesterling JE. Standard versus age-specific prostate specific antigen reference ranges among men with clinically localized prostate cancer: A pathological analysis. J Urol 1996; 155: 1336-9.
    • (1996) J Urol , vol.155 , pp. 1336-1339
    • Partin, A.W.1    Criley, S.R.2    Subong, E.N.3    Zincke, H.4    Walsh, P.C.5    Oesterling, J.E.6
  • 119
    • 0028864739 scopus 로고
    • Normal range prostate specific antigen versus age specific prostate specific antigen in screening prostate adenocarcinoma
    • el-Galley RES, Petros FRCS, Sanders WH, et al. Normal range prostate specific antigen versus age specific prostate specific antigen in screening prostate adenocarcinoma. Urology 1995; 46: 200-4.
    • (1995) Urology , vol.46 , pp. 200-204
    • El-Galley, R.E.S.1    Petros, F.R.C.S.2    Sanders, W.H.3
  • 120
    • 0026027671 scopus 로고
    • A complex between prostate specific antigen and a1-antichimotrypsin is the major form of prostate specific antigen in serum of patients with prostatic cancer: Assay of the complex improves clinical sensitivity for cancer
    • Stenman UH, Leinonen J, Alfthan H, Rannikko S, Tuhkanen K, Alfthan O. A complex between prostate specific antigen and a1-antichimotrypsin is the major form of prostate specific antigen in serum of patients with prostatic cancer: Assay of the complex improves clinical sensitivity for cancer. Cancer Res 1991; 51: 222-6.
    • (1991) Cancer Res , vol.51 , pp. 222-226
    • Stenman, U.H.1    Leinonen, J.2    Alfthan, H.3    Rannikko, S.4    Tuhkanen, K.5    Alfthan, O.6
  • 121
    • 0028800933 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of percentage of free serum prostate-specific antigen to improve specificity of prostate cancer screening
    • Catalona WJ, Smith DS, Wolfert RL, et al. Evaluation of percentage of free serum prostate-specific antigen to improve specificity of prostate cancer screening. JAMA 1995; 274: 1214-20.
    • (1995) JAMA , vol.274 , pp. 1214-1220
    • Catalona, W.J.1    Smith, D.S.2    Wolfert, R.L.3
  • 122
    • 0030340578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Free to total prostate-specific antigen (PSA) ratio is superior to total-PSA in differentiating benign prostate hypertrophy from prostate cancer
    • Van Cangh PJ, De Nayer P, Sauvage P, et al. Free to total prostate-specific antigen (PSA) ratio is superior to total-PSA in differentiating benign prostate hypertrophy from prostate cancer. Prostate 1996; 7: 30-4.
    • (1996) Prostate , vol.7 , pp. 30-34
    • Van Cangh, P.J.1    De Nayer, P.2    Sauvage, P.3
  • 123
    • 0031005241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The free-to-total prostate specific antigen ratio improves the specificity of prostate specific antigen in screening for prostate cancer in the general population
    • Bangma CH, Rietbergen JB, Kranse R, Blijenberg BG, Petterson K, Schröder FH. The free-to-total prostate specific antigen ratio improves the specificity of prostate specific antigen in screening for prostate cancer in the general population. J Urol 1997; 157: 2191-6.
    • (1997) J Urol , vol.157 , pp. 2191-2196
    • Bangma, C.H.1    Rietbergen, J.B.2    Kranse, R.3    Blijenberg, B.G.4    Petterson, K.5    Schröder, F.H.6
  • 124
    • 85056675209 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Results of a population bases randomized study of PSA screening for prostate cancer
    • Abstract 459
    • Hugosson J, Aus G, Bergdahl S, et al. Results of a population bases randomized study of PSA screening for prostate cancer (Abstract 459). J Urol 1997; 157: 118.
    • (1997) J Urol , vol.157 , pp. 118
    • Hugosson, J.1    Aus, G.2    Bergdahl, S.3
  • 125
    • 0030971794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prostate specific antigen as a screening test: The Netherlands experience
    • Bangma CH, Rietbergen JBW, Schröder FH. Prostate specific antigen as a screening test: The Netherlands experience. Urol Clin North Am 1997; 24: 307-14.
    • (1997) Urol Clin North Am , vol.24 , pp. 307-314
    • Bangma, C.H.1    Rietbergen, J.B.W.2    Schröder, F.H.3
  • 126
    • 0030451178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of three assays for total serum prostate-specific antigen and percentage of free prostate-specific antigen in predicting prostate histology
    • Roehrborn CG, Gregory A, McConnell JD, Sagalowsky AI, Wians FH, Jr. Comparison of three assays for total serum prostate-specific antigen and percentage of free prostate-specific antigen in predicting prostate histology. Urology 1996; 48 (Suppl 6A): 23-32.
    • (1996) Urology , vol.48 , Issue.SUPPL. 6A , pp. 23-32
    • Roehrborn, C.G.1    Gregory, A.2    McConnell, J.D.3    Sagalowsky, A.I.4    Wians Jr., F.H.5
  • 127
    • 0016786459 scopus 로고
    • Complications of transrectal aspiration biopsy of the prostate
    • Eposti PL, Elman A, Norlén H. Complications of transrectal aspiration biopsy of the prostate. Scand J Urol Nephrol 1975; 9: 208-13.
    • (1975) Scand J Urol Nephrol , vol.9 , pp. 208-213
    • Eposti, P.L.1    Elman, A.2    Norlén, H.3
  • 128
    • 0019304078 scopus 로고
    • Gram negative bacteremia after transrectal needle biopsy of the prostate
    • Edson RS, Scoy van RE, Leary FJ. Gram negative bacteremia after transrectal needle biopsy of the prostate. Mayo Clin Proc 1980; 55: 489-91.
    • (1980) Mayo Clin Proc , vol.55 , pp. 489-491
    • Edson, R.S.1    Van Scoy, R.E.2    Leary, F.J.3
  • 129
    • 0015046893 scopus 로고
    • Urinary contamination as a result of transrectal biopsy of the prostate
    • Davison P, Malament M. Urinary contamination as a result of transrectal biopsy of the prostate. J Urol 1971; 105: 545-6.
    • (1971) J Urol , vol.105 , pp. 545-546
    • Davison, P.1    Malament, M.2
  • 130
    • 0028251699 scopus 로고
    • Transrectal ultrasound and core biopsies for the diagnosis of prostate cancer
    • Norberg M. Transrectal ultrasound and core biopsies for the diagnosis of prostate cancer. Acta Radiol 1994; 393: 1-21.
    • (1994) Acta Radiol , vol.393 , pp. 1-21
    • Norberg, M.1
  • 131
    • 0026705102 scopus 로고
    • Detection of clinically significant prostate cancer by transrectal ultrasound-guided systematic biopsies
    • Terris MK, McNeal JE, Stamey TA. Detection of clinically significant prostate cancer by transrectal ultrasound-guided systematic biopsies. J Urol 1992; 148: 829-32.
    • (1992) J Urol , vol.148 , pp. 829-832
    • Terris, M.K.1    McNeal, J.E.2    Stamey, T.A.3
  • 132
    • 0028785088 scopus 로고
    • Computer simulation of the probability of detecting low volume carcinoma of the prostate with six random systematic core biopsies
    • Daneshgari F, Taylor GD, Miller GJ, Crawford ED. Computer simulation of the probability of detecting low volume carcinoma of the prostate with six random systematic core biopsies. Urology 1995; 45: 604-9.
    • (1995) Urology , vol.45 , pp. 604-609
    • Daneshgari, F.1    Taylor, G.D.2    Miller, G.J.3    Crawford, E.D.4
  • 133
    • 0029961163 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnostic yield of repeated transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsies stratified by specific histopathologic diagnoses and prostate specific antigen levels
    • Roehrborn CG, Pickens GJ, Sanders JS. Diagnostic yield of repeated transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsies stratified by specific histopathologic diagnoses and prostate specific antigen levels. Urology 1996; 47: 347-52.
    • (1996) Urology , vol.47 , pp. 347-352
    • Roehrborn, C.G.1    Pickens, G.J.2    Sanders, J.S.3
  • 134
    • 0031033534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outcome of sextant biopsy according to gland volume
    • Karakiewicz PI, Bazinet M, Aprikian AG, et al. Outcome of sextant biopsy according to gland volume. Urology 1997; 49: 55-9.
    • (1997) Urology , vol.49 , pp. 55-59
    • Karakiewicz, P.I.1    Bazinet, M.2    Aprikian, A.G.3
  • 136
    • 0031060277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic 5 region prostate biopsy is superior to sextant method for diagnosing carcinoma of the prostate
    • discussion 202-3
    • Eskew LA, Bare RL, McCullough DL. Systematic 5 region prostate biopsy is superior to sextant method for diagnosing carcinoma of the prostate. J Urol 1997; 157: 199-202; discussion 202-3.
    • (1997) J Urol , vol.157 , pp. 199-202
    • Eskew, L.A.1    Bare, R.L.2    McCullough, D.L.3
  • 137
    • 0029124117 scopus 로고
    • Minimal or no cancer in radical prostatectomy specimens. Report of 13 cases of the 'vanishing cancer phenomenon'
    • Goldstein NS, Begin LR, Grody WW, Novak JM, Qian J, Bostwick DG. Minimal or no cancer in radical prostatectomy specimens. Report of 13 cases of the 'vanishing cancer phenomenon'. Am J Surg Pathol 1995; 19: 1002-9.
    • (1995) Am J Surg Pathol , vol.19 , pp. 1002-1009
    • Goldstein, N.S.1    Begin, L.R.2    Grody, W.W.3    Novak, J.M.4    Qian, J.5    Bostwick, D.G.6
  • 138
    • 0030404636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A single positive prostate biopsy in six does not predict a low-volume prostate tumour
    • Ravery V, Szabo J, Toublanc M, et al. A single positive prostate biopsy in six does not predict a low-volume prostate tumour. Br J Urol 1996; 77: 724-8.
    • (1996) Br J Urol , vol.77 , pp. 724-728
    • Ravery, V.1    Szabo, J.2    Toublanc, M.3
  • 139
    • 0028947489 scopus 로고
    • The volume of prostate cancer in the biopsy specimen cannot reliably predict the quantity of cancer in the radical prostatectomy specimen on an individual basis
    • Cupp MR, Bostwick DG, Myers RP, Oesterling JE. The volume of prostate cancer in the biopsy specimen cannot reliably predict the quantity of cancer in the radical prostatectomy specimen on an individual basis. J Urol 1995; 153: 1543-8.
    • (1995) J Urol , vol.153 , pp. 1543-1548
    • Cupp, M.R.1    Bostwick, D.G.2    Myers, R.P.3    Oesterling, J.E.4
  • 140
    • 0028109726 scopus 로고
    • Radical prostatectomy for impalpable prostate cancer: The Johns Hopkins experience with tumors found on transurethral resection (stages T1A and T1B) and on needle biopsy (stage T1C)
    • Epstein JI, Walsh PC, Brendler CB. Radical prostatectomy for impalpable prostate cancer: the Johns Hopkins experience with tumors found on transurethral resection (stages T1A and T1B) and on needle biopsy (stage T1C). J Urol 1994; 152: 1721-9.
    • (1994) J Urol , vol.152 , pp. 1721-1729
    • Epstein, J.I.1    Walsh, P.C.2    Brendler, C.B.3
  • 141
    • 0028307641 scopus 로고
    • Gleason grading of prostatic needle biopsies. Correlation with grade in 316 matched prostatectomies
    • Bostwick DG. Gleason grading of prostatic needle biopsies. Correlation with grade in 316 matched prostatectomies. Amer J Surg Path 1994; 18: 796-803.
    • (1994) Amer J Surg Path , vol.18 , pp. 796-803
    • Bostwick, D.G.1
  • 142
    • 0029041402 scopus 로고
    • Grading inaccuracies in diagnostic biopsies revealing prostatic adenocarcinoma: Implications for definitive radiation therapy
    • Johnstone PA, Riffenburgh R, Saunders EL, Willison FW. Grading inaccuracies in diagnostic biopsies revealing prostatic adenocarcinoma: implications for definitive radiation therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1995; 32: 479-82.
    • (1995) Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys , vol.32 , pp. 479-482
    • Johnstone, P.A.1    Riffenburgh, R.2    Saunders, E.L.3    Willison, F.W.4
  • 143
    • 0025038507 scopus 로고
    • The significance of low-grade prostate cancer on needle biopsy. A radical prostatectomy study of tumor grade, volume, and stage of the biopsied and multifocal tumor
    • Epstein JI, Steinberg GD. The significance of low-grade prostate cancer on needle biopsy. A radical prostatectomy study of tumor grade, volume, and stage of the biopsied and multifocal tumor. Cancer 1990; 66: 1927-32.
    • (1990) Cancer , vol.66 , pp. 1927-1932
    • Epstein, J.I.1    Steinberg, G.D.2
  • 144
    • 0028843856 scopus 로고
    • Use of prostate-specific antigen and tumor volume in predicting needle biopsy grading error
    • Kojima M, Troncoso P, Babaian RJ. Use of prostate-specific antigen and tumor volume in predicting needle biopsy grading error. Urology 1995; 45: 807-12.
    • (1995) Urology , vol.45 , pp. 807-812
    • Kojima, M.1    Troncoso, P.2    Babaian, R.J.3
  • 145
    • 0029916141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prediction of capsular perforation and seminal vesicle invasion in prostate cancer
    • Bostwick DG, Qian J, Bergstralh E, et al. Prediction of capsular perforation and seminal vesicle invasion in prostate cancer. J Urol 1996; 155: 1361-7.
    • (1996) J Urol , vol.155 , pp. 1361-1367
    • Bostwick, D.G.1    Qian, J.2    Bergstralh, E.3
  • 146
    • 0030891004 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Calculated prostate cancer volume: The optimal predictor of actual cancer volume and pathologic stage
    • Amico AV, Chang H, Holupka E, et al. Calculated prostate cancer volume: the optimal predictor of actual cancer volume and pathologic stage. Urology 1997; 49: 385-91.
    • (1997) Urology , vol.49 , pp. 385-391
    • Amico, A.V.1    Chang, H.2    Holupka, E.3
  • 147
    • 0027211001 scopus 로고
    • The use of prostate specific antigen, clinical stage and Gleason score to predict pathological stage in men with localized prostate cancer
    • Partin AW, Yoo J, Carter HB, et al. The use of prostate specific antigen, clinical stage and Gleason score to predict pathological stage in men with localized prostate cancer. J Urol 1993; 150: 110-4.
    • (1993) J Urol , vol.150 , pp. 110-114
    • Partin, A.W.1    Yoo, J.2    Carter, H.B.3
  • 148
    • 0030913315 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combination of prostate-specific antigen, clinical stage, and Gleason score to predict pathological stage of localized prostate cancer
    • Partin AW, Kattan MW, Subong ENP, et al. Combination of prostate-specific antigen, clinical stage, and Gleason score to predict pathological stage of localized prostate cancer. JAMA 1997; 277: 1445-51.
    • (1997) JAMA , vol.277 , pp. 1445-1451
    • Partin, A.W.1    Kattan, M.W.2    Subong, E.N.P.3
  • 149
    • 0027818212 scopus 로고
    • Optimized strategy for detection of early stage, curable prostate cancer: Role of prescreening with prostate-specific antigen
    • Labrie F, Dupont A, Suburu R, et al. Optimized strategy for detection of early stage, curable prostate cancer: role of prescreening with prostate-specific antigen. Clin Invest Med 1993; 16: 425-39.
    • (1993) Clin Invest Med , vol.16 , pp. 425-439
    • Labrie, F.1    Dupont, A.2    Suburu, R.3
  • 150
    • 0029911467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Longitudinal screening for prostate cancer with prostate-specific antigen
    • Smith DS, Catalona WJ, Herschman JD. Longitudinal screening for prostate cancer with prostate-specific antigen. JAMA 1996; 276: 1309-15.
    • (1996) JAMA , vol.276 , pp. 1309-1315
    • Smith, D.S.1    Catalona, W.J.2    Herschman, J.D.3
  • 151
    • 0030948926 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recommended prostate-specific antigen testing intervals for the detection of curable prostate cancer
    • Carter HB, Epstein JI, Chan DW, Fozard JL, Pearson JD. Recommended prostate-specific antigen testing intervals for the detection of curable prostate cancer. JAMA 1997; 277: 1456-60.
    • (1997) JAMA , vol.277 , pp. 1456-1460
    • Carter, H.B.1    Epstein, J.I.2    Chan, D.W.3    Fozard, J.L.4    Pearson, J.D.5
  • 152
    • 0025612194 scopus 로고
    • Radical prostatectomy versus expectant primary treatment in stages I and II prostatic cancer
    • Graversen PH, Nielsen KT, Gasser TC, DKC, Madsen PO. Radical prostatectomy versus expectant primary treatment in stages I and II prostatic cancer. Urology 1990; 36: 493-498.
    • (1990) Urology , vol.36 , pp. 493-498
    • Graversen, P.H.1    Nielsen, K.T.2    Gasser, T.C.3    C, D.K.4    Madsen, P.O.5
  • 153
    • 0019983086 scopus 로고
    • Radical surgery versus radiotherapy for adenocarcinoma of the prostate
    • Paulson DF, Lin GH, Hinshaw W, Stephani S. Radical surgery versus radiotherapy for adenocarcinoma of the prostate. J Urol 1982; 128: 502-4.
    • (1982) J Urol , vol.128 , pp. 502-504
    • Paulson, D.F.1    Lin, G.H.2    Hinshaw, W.3    Stephani, S.4
  • 154
    • 0027971692 scopus 로고
    • The Prostate Cancer Intervention Versus Observation Trial: A randomized trial comparing radical prostatectomy versus expectant management for the treatment of clinically localized prostate cancer
    • Wilt TJ, Brawer MK The Prostate Cancer Intervention Versus Observation Trial: a randomized trial comparing radical prostatectomy versus expectant management for the treatment of clinically localized prostate cancer. J Urol 1994; 152 (5 Pt 2): 1910-4.
    • (1994) J Urol , vol.152 , Issue.5 PART 2 , pp. 1910-1914
    • Wilt, T.J.1    Brawer, M.K.2
  • 155
    • 0028535748 scopus 로고
    • Swedish randomized trial of radical prostatectomy versus watchful waiting
    • Norlen BJ. Swedish randomized trial of radical prostatectomy versus watchful waiting. Can J Oncol 1994; 4: 38-40.
    • (1994) Can J Oncol , vol.4 , pp. 38-40
    • Norlen, B.J.1
  • 156
    • 0028034033 scopus 로고
    • Metaanalysis of the literature: Guideline development for prostate cancer treatment. American Urological Association Prostate Cancer Guideline Panel
    • Austenfeld MS, Thompson IM, Jr, Middleton RG. Metaanalysis of the literature: guideline development for prostate cancer treatment. American Urological Association Prostate Cancer Guideline Panel. J Urol 1994; 152: 1866-9.
    • (1994) J Urol , vol.152 , pp. 1866-1869
    • Austenfeld, M.S.1    Thompson Jr., I.M.2    Middleton, R.G.3
  • 157
    • 0028861914 scopus 로고
    • Prostate Cancer Clinical Guidelines Panel summary report on the management of clinically localized prostate cancer. The American Urological Association
    • Middleton RG, Thompson IM, Austenfeld MS, et al. Prostate Cancer Clinical Guidelines Panel summary report on the management of clinically localized prostate cancer. The American Urological Association. J Urol 1995; 154: 2144-8.
    • (1995) J Urol , vol.154 , pp. 2144-2148
    • Middleton, R.G.1    Thompson, I.M.2    Austenfeld, M.S.3
  • 158
    • 0025993782 scopus 로고
    • Outcome for lymph node dissection negative T-1b, T-2 (A-2,B) prostate cancer treated with external beam radiation therapy in RTOG 77-06
    • Hanks GE, Asbell S, Krall JM, et al. Outcome for lymph node dissection negative T-1b, T-2 (A-2,B) prostate cancer treated with external beam radiation therapy in RTOG 77-06. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1991; 21: 1099-103.
    • (1991) Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys , vol.21 , pp. 1099-1103
    • Hanks, G.E.1    Asbell, S.2    Krall, J.M.3
  • 160
    • 9444253459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Results of radical prostatectomy in men with clinically localized prostate cancer
    • Gerber GS, Thisted RA, Scardino PT, et al. Results of radical prostatectomy in men with clinically localized prostate cancer. JAMA 1996; 276: 615-9.
    • (1996) JAMA , vol.276 , pp. 615-619
    • Gerber, G.S.1    Thisted, R.A.2    Scardino, P.T.3
  • 161
    • 0030891731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population-based study of long-term survival in patients with clinically localised prostate cancer
    • Lu-Yao GL, Yao SL. Population-based study of long-term survival in patients with clinically localised prostate cancer. Lancet 1997; 349: 906-10.
    • (1997) Lancet , vol.349 , pp. 906-910
    • Lu-Yao, G.L.1    Yao, S.L.2
  • 162
    • 0028359561 scopus 로고
    • Radical prostatectomy for high grade disease: A re-evaluation 1994
    • Partin AW, Lee BR, Carmichael M, Walsh PC, Epstein JI. Radical prostatectomy for high grade disease: a re-evaluation 1994. J Urol 1994; 151: 1583-6.
    • (1994) J Urol , vol.151 , pp. 1583-1586
    • Partin, A.W.1    Lee, B.R.2    Carmichael, M.3    Walsh, P.C.4    Epstein, J.I.5
  • 163
    • 0028043716 scopus 로고
    • Can radical prostatectomy alter the progression of poorly differentiated prostate cancer?
    • Ohori M, Goad JR, Wheeler TM, Eastham JA, Thompson TC, Scardino PT. Can radical prostatectomy alter the progression of poorly differentiated prostate cancer? J Urol 1994; 152: 1843-9.
    • (1994) J Urol , vol.152 , pp. 1843-1849
    • Ohori, M.1    Goad, J.R.2    Wheeler, T.M.3    Eastham, J.A.4    Thompson, T.C.5    Scardino, P.T.6
  • 164
    • 7344266155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of cancer specific survival (CSS) following radical prostatectomy (RP) or watchful waiting (WW) based on two multi-institutional pooled analyses
    • Abstract 995
    • Chodak GW, Thisted RA. Comparison of cancer specific survival (CSS) following radical prostatectomy (RP) or watchful waiting (WW) based on two multi-institutional pooled analyses (Abstract 995). J Urol 1996; 155 (Suppl 5): 559A.
    • (1996) J Urol , vol.155 , Issue.5 SUPPL.
    • Chodak, G.W.1    Thisted, R.A.2
  • 165
    • 0028835758 scopus 로고
    • Quality-of-life outcomes in men treated for localized prostate cancer
    • Litwin MS, Hays RD, Fink A, et al. Quality-of-life outcomes in men treated for localized prostate cancer. JAMA 1995; 273: 129-35.
    • (1995) JAMA , vol.273 , pp. 129-135
    • Litwin, M.S.1    Hays, R.D.2    Fink, A.3
  • 166
    • 85047690589 scopus 로고
    • A structured literature review of treatment for localized prostate cancer. Prostate Disease Patient Outcome Research Team
    • Wasson JH, Cushman CC, Bruskewitz RC, Littenberg B, Mulley AG, Jr, Wennberg JE. A structured literature review of treatment for localized prostate cancer. Prostate Disease Patient Outcome Research Team. Arch Fam Med 1993; 2: 487-93.
    • (1993) Arch Fam Med , vol.2 , pp. 487-493
    • Wasson, J.H.1    Cushman, C.C.2    Bruskewitz, R.C.3    Littenberg, B.4    Mulley Jr., A.G.5    Wennberg, J.E.6
  • 167
    • 0027141983 scopus 로고
    • Patient-reported complications and follow-up treatment after radical prostatectomy. The National Medicare Experience: 1988-1990 (updated June 1993)
    • Fowler FJ, Jr, Barry MJ, Lu-Yao G, Roman A, Wasson J, Wennberg JE. Patient-reported complications and follow-up treatment after radical prostatectomy. The National Medicare Experience: 1988-1990 (updated June 1993). Urology 1993; 42: 622-9.
    • (1993) Urology , vol.42 , pp. 622-629
    • Fowler Jr., F.J.1    Barry, M.J.2    Lu-Yao, G.3    Roman, A.4    Wasson, J.5    Wennberg, J.E.6
  • 168
    • 0030038899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Radical prostatectomy: Prospective assessment of mortality and morbidity
    • Davidson PJT, van den Ouden D, Schröder FH. Radical prostatectomy: Prospective assessment of mortality and morbidity. Eur Urol 1996; 29: 168-73.
    • (1996) Eur Urol , vol.29 , pp. 168-173
    • Davidson, P.J.T.1    Van Den Ouden, D.2    Schröder, F.H.3
  • 169
    • 0028114554 scopus 로고
    • Cancer control and quality of life following anatomical radical retropubic prostatectomy: Results at 10 years
    • Walsh PC, Partin AW, Epstein JI. Cancer control and quality of life following anatomical radical retropubic prostatectomy: results at 10 years. J Urol 1994; 152: 1831-6.
    • (1994) J Urol , vol.152 , pp. 1831-1836
    • Walsh, P.C.1    Partin, A.W.2    Epstein, J.I.3
  • 170
    • 0023783797 scopus 로고
    • Status of radiation treatment of prostate cancer at Stanford University
    • Bagshaw MA, Cox RS, Ray GR. Status of radiation treatment of prostate cancer at Stanford University. NCI Monogr 1988; 47-60.
    • (1988) NCI Monogr , pp. 47-60
    • Bagshaw, M.A.1    Cox, R.S.2    Ray, G.R.3
  • 171
    • 0027278638 scopus 로고
    • Transrectal ultrasound examination of the prostate: Complications and acceptance by patients
    • Aus G, Hermansson CG, Hugosson J, Pedersen KV. Transrectal ultrasound examination of the prostate: Complications and acceptance by patients. Br J Urol 1993; 71: 457-9.
    • (1993) Br J Urol , vol.71 , pp. 457-459
    • Aus, G.1    Hermansson, C.G.2    Hugosson, J.3    Pedersen, K.V.4
  • 172
    • 0027462482 scopus 로고
    • Side effects and patient acceptability of transrectal biopsy of the prostate
    • Clements R, Aideyan OU, Griffiths GJ, Peeling WB. Side effects and patient acceptability of transrectal biopsy of the prostate. Clin Radiol 1993; 47: 125-6.
    • (1993) Clin Radiol , vol.47 , pp. 125-126
    • Clements, R.1    Aideyan, O.U.2    Griffiths, G.J.3    Peeling, W.B.4
  • 173
    • 0030974669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complications of transrectal ultrasound-guided systematic sextant biopsies of the prostate: Evaluation of complication rates and risk factors within a population-based screening program
    • Rietbergen JBW, Boeken Kruger AE, Kranse R, Schröder FH. Complications of transrectal ultrasound-guided systematic sextant biopsies of the prostate: Evaluation of complication rates and risk factors within a population-based screening program. Urology 1997; 49: 875-80.
    • (1997) Urology , vol.49 , pp. 875-880
    • Rietbergen, J.B.W.1    Boeken Kruger, A.E.2    Kranse, R.3    Schröder, F.H.4
  • 174
    • 0031395394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomised trial of prostate cancer screening in the Netherlands: Assessment of acceptance and motives for attendance
    • Nijs HGT, Todoir DM, Schuurman JH, Kirkels WJ, Schröder FH. Randomised trial of prostate cancer screening in the Netherlands: assessment of acceptance and motives for attendance. J Med Screen 1997; 4: 102-6.
    • (1997) J Med Screen , vol.4 , pp. 102-106
    • Nijs, H.G.T.1    Todoir, D.M.2    Schuurman, J.H.3    Kirkels, W.J.4    Schröder, F.H.5
  • 175
    • 0028828097 scopus 로고
    • Effect of radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer on patient quality of life: Results from a Medicare survey
    • discussion 1013-1015
    • Fowler FJ, Jr, Barry MJ, Lu-Yao G, Wasson J, Roman A, Wennberg J. Effect of radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer on patient quality of life: results from a Medicare survey. Urology 1995; 45: 1007-13; discussion 1013-1015.
    • (1995) Urology , vol.45 , pp. 1007-1013
    • Fowler Jr., F.J.1    Barry, M.J.2    Lu-Yao, G.3    Wasson, J.4    Roman, A.5    Wennberg, J.6
  • 176
    • 0030635849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends in prostate carcinoma incidence in Connecticut (1988-1994) by age and race
    • Polednak AP. Trends in prostate carcinoma incidence in Connecticut (1988-1994) by age and race. Cancer 1997; 79: 99-103.
    • (1997) Cancer , vol.79 , pp. 99-103
    • Polednak, A.P.1
  • 178
    • 0030569576 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cancer mortality rates fall: A turning point for the nation
    • Hoeksema MJ, Law C. Cancer mortality rates fall: A turning point for the nation. J Natl Cancer Inst 1996; 88: 1706-7.
    • (1996) J Natl Cancer Inst , vol.88 , pp. 1706-1707
    • Hoeksema, M.J.1    Law, C.2
  • 179
    • 0030330768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective evaluation plan for randomised trials of prostate cancer screening. The International Prostate Cancer Screening Trial Evaluation Group
    • Auvinen A, Rietbergen JBW, Denis LJ, Schröder FH, Prorok PC. Prospective evaluation plan for randomised trials of prostate cancer screening. The International Prostate Cancer Screening Trial Evaluation Group. J Med Screen 1996; 3: 97-104.
    • (1996) J Med Screen , vol.3 , pp. 97-104
    • Auvinen, A.1    Rietbergen, J.B.W.2    Denis, L.J.3    Schröder, F.H.4    Prorok, P.C.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.