Executive dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease: Association with neuropsychiatric symptoms and functional impairment

Journal of Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences

Volumn 10, Issue 4, 1998, Pages 426-432

  Chen, Stephen T ^a   Sultzer, David L ^a   Hinkin, Charles H ^a   Mahler, Michael E ^a   Cummings, Jeffrey L ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AGED; AGITATION; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; AMNESIA; ARTICLE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; COGNITIVE DEFECT; FUNCTIONAL DISEASE; HUMAN; LANGUAGE DISABILITY; MALE; MANAGER; NEUROPSYCHIATRY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RATING SCALE; SKILL; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS;

EID: 0031731320     PISSN: 08950172     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1176/jnp.10.4.426     Document Type: Article

References (42)

1. Stuss DT, Benson DF (eds): The Frontal Lobes. New York, Raven, 1986
2. Sultzer DL: Mental Status Examination, in Textbook of Geriatric Neuropsychiatry, edited by Coffey CE, Cummings JL. Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Press, 1994, pp 111-127
3. Cummings JL, Coffey CE: Neurobiological basis of behavior, in Textbook of Geriatric Neuropsychiatry, edited by Coffey CE, Cummings JL. Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Press, 1994, pp 71-96
4. Binetti G, Magni E, Padovani A, et al: Executive dysfunction in early Alzheimer's disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1996; 60:91-93
5. Royall DR, Mahurin RK, True JE, et al: Executive impairment among the functionally dependent: comparisons between schizophrenic and elderly subjects. Am J Psychiatry 1993; 150:1813-1819
6. Jones BP, Henderson M, Welch CA: Executive functions in unipolar depression before and after electroconvulsive therapy. Int J Neurosci 1988; 38:287-297
7. Jeste DV, Wragg RE, Salmon DP, et al: Cognitive deficits of patients with Alzheimer's disease with and without delusions. Am J Psychiatry 1992; 149:184-189
8. Mann UM, Mohr E, Gearing M, et al: Heterogeneity in Alzheimer's disease: progression rate segregated by distinct neuropsychological and cerebral metabolic profiles. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1992; 55:956-959
9. Drinka TJK, Smith JC, Drinka PJ: Correlates of depression and burden for informal caregivers of patients in a geriatrics referral clinic. J Am Geriatr Soc 1987; 35:522-525
10. Steele C, Rovner B, Chase GA, et al: Neuropsychiatric symptoms and nursing home placement of patients with Alzheimer's disease. Am J Psychiatry 1990; 147:1049-1051
11. Mortimer JA, Ebbitt B, Jun S-P: Predictors of cognitive and functional progression in patients with probable Alzheimer's disease. Neurology 1992; 42:1689-1696
12. Stern Y, Mayeux R, Sano M, et al: Predictors of disease course in patients with probable Alzheimer's disease. Neurology 1987; 37:1649-1653
13. Kotrla KJ, Chacko RC, Harper RG, et al: SPECT findings on psychosis in Alzheimer's disease. Am J Psychiatry 1995; 152:1470-1475
14. Grady CL, Haxby JV, Schapiro MB, et al: Subgroups in dementia of the Alzheimer type identified using positron emission tomography. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 1990; 2:373-384
15. Zubenko GS, Moossy J, Martinez AJ, et al: Neuropathologic and neurochemical correlates of psychosis in primary dementia. Arch Neurol 1991; 48:619-624
16. Sultzer DL, Mahler ME, Mandelkern MA, et al: The relationship between neuropsychiatric symptoms and regional cortical metabolism in Alzheimer's disease. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 1995; 7:476-484
17. Teri L, Larson EB, Reifler BV: Behavioral disturbance in dementia of the Alzheimer's type. J Am Geriatr Soc 1988; 36:1-6
18. Swearer JM, Drachman DA, O'Donnell BF, et al: Troublesome and disruptive behaviors in dementia. J Am Geriatr Soc 1988; 36:784-790
19. Cooper JK, Mungas D, Weiler PG: Relation of cognitive status and abnormal behaviors in Alzheimer's disease. J Am Geriatr Soc 1990; 38:867-870
20. Flynn FG, Cummings JL, Gornbein J: Delusions in dementia syndromes: investigation of behavioral and neuropsychological correlates. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 1991; 3:364-370
21. Cummings JL, Miller B, Hill MA, et al: Neuropsychiatric aspects of multi-infarct dementia and dementia of the Alzheimer type. Arch Neurol 1987; 44:389-393
22. Reisberg B, Franssen E, Sclan S, et al: Stage specific incidence of potentially remediable behavioral symptoms in aging and Alzheimer disease: a study of 120 patients using the BEHAVE-AD. Bull Clin Neurosci 1989; 54:95-112
23. Pearson JL, Teri L, Reifler BV, et al: Functional status and cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's patients with and without depression. J Am Geriatr Soc 1989; 37:1117-1121
24. Rovner BW, Broadhead J, Spencer M, et al: Depression and Alzheimer's disease. Am J Psychiatry 1989; 146:350-353
25. Breen AR, Larson EB, Reifler BV, et al: Cognitive performance and functional competence in coexisting dementia and depression. J Am Geriatr Soc 1984; 32:132-137
26. Fischer P, Simanyi M, Danielczyk W: Depression in dementia of the Alzheimer type and in multi-infarct dementia. Am J Psychiatry 1990; 147:1484-1487
27. Sultzer DL, Levin HS, Mahler ME, et al: Assessment of cognitive, psychiatric, and behavioral disturbances in patients with dementia: the Neurobehavioral Rating Scale. J Am Geriatr Soc 1992; 40:549-555
28. Ford GR, Haley WE, Thrower SL, et al: Utility of Mini-Mental State Exam scores in predicting functional impairment among white and African American dementia patients. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 1996; 51:M185-188
29. Auer SR, Sclan SG, Yaffee RA, et al: The neglected half of Alzheimer disease: cognitive and functional concomitants of severe dementia. J Am Geriatr Soc 1994; 42:1266-1272
30. Folstein M, Folstein S, McHugh P: "Mini-Mental State": a practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res 1975; 12:189-198
31. McKhann G, Drachman D, Folstein M, et al: Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: report of the NINCDS-ADRDA Work Group under the auspices of Department of Health and Human Services Task Force on Alzheimer's Disease. Neurology 1984; 34:939-944
32. Benton AL, Hamsher KdeS (eds): Multilingual Aphasia Examination. Iowa City, IA, University of Iowa, 1976
33. Mattis S: Mental status examination for organic mental syndrome in the elderly patient, in Geriatric Psychiatry, edited by Bellak L, Karasu TB. New York, Grune and Stratton, 1976
34. Stroop JR: Studies of interference in serial verbal reactions. J Exp Psychol 1935; 18:643-662
35. Reitan RM, Tarshes EL: Differential effects of lateralized brain lesions on the Trail Making Test. J Nerv Ment Dis 1959; 129:257-262
36. Nelson HE: A modified card sorting test sensitive to frontal lobe defects. Cortex 1976; 12:313-324
37. Sultzer DL, Berisford MA, Gunay I: The Neurobehavioral Rating Scale: reliability in patients with dementia. J Psychiatr Res 1995; 29:185-191
38. Davis PB, Morris JC, Grant E: Brief screening tests versus clinical staging in senile dementia of the Alzheimer type. J Am Geriatr Soc 1990; 38:129-135
39. Kendall MG (ed): Rank Correlation Methods, 5th edition. New York, Oxford University Press, 1990
40. Cummings JL: Frontal-subcortical circuits and human behavior. Arch Neurol 1993; 50:873-880
41. Boone KB, Miller BL, Lesser IM, et al: Neuropsychological correlates of white-matter lesions in healthy elderly subjects: a threshold effect. Arch Neurol 1992; 49:549-554
42. Eberling JL, Reed BR, Baker MG, et al: Cognitive correlates of regional cerebral blood flow in Alzheimer's disease. Arch Neurol 1993; 50:761-766