Power and precision of replicated helicopter surveys in mixed bushveld

Koedoe

Volumn 41, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 47-56

  Reilly, B K ^a,b   Emslie, R H ^c  

^a STELLENBOSCH UNIVERSITY   (South Africa)

^b Gauteng Direct of Nat Conservation   (South Africa)

^c Ecoscot Consulting Services   (South Africa)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AERIAL SURVEY; BUSHVELD; GAME MANAGEMENT; HELICOPTER SURVEY; UNGULATE;

LOSKOP DAM NATURE RESERVE; SOUTH AFRICA; WESTERN CAPE PROVINCE;

EID: 0031730906     PISSN: 00756458     EISSN: 20710771     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4102/koedoe.v41i1.245     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. BARTMANN, R.M. L.H. CARPENTER, R.A. GARROTT & D.C. BOWDEN. 1986. Accuracy of helicopter counts of mule deer in pinyonjuniperwoodland. Wildlife Society Bulletin 14(4): 356-363.
2. BEASOM, S. L. 1979. Precision in helicopter censusing of white-tailed deer. Journal of Wildlife Management 43(3): 777-780.
3. BEASOM, S.L., F.G. LEON III & D.R. SYNATZSKE. 1986. Accuracy and precision of counting white-tailed deer with helicopters at different sampling intensities. Wildlife Society Bulletin 14(4): 364-368.
4. BOTHMA, J. DU P., M.J.S. PEEL, S. PETTIT & D. GROSSMAN. 1990. Evaluating the accuracy of some commonly used game-counting methods. South African Journal of Wildlife Research 20(1): 26-32.
5. CAHALANE, V.H. 1938. The annual northern Yellowstone elk herd count. Transactions of the North American Wildlife Conference 3: 388-389.
6. CAUGHLEY, G. 1974. Bias in aerial survey. Journal of Wildlife Management 38: 921-933.
7. CAUGHLEY, G. 1979. Analysis of vertebrate populations. New York: Wiley.
8. COHEN, J. 1988. Statistical power analysis for the behavioural sciences. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
9. COLLINSON, R.H.F. 1985. Selecting Wildlife Census Techniques. Monograph 6, Institute of Natural Resources, University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg.
10. CONQUEST, L. 1983. Assessing statistical effectiveness of ecological experiments: Utility of the coefficient of variation. International Journal of Environmental Studies 20: 209-221.
11. CONQUEST, L. 1993. Statistical approaches to environmental monitoring: Boy, did we teach the wrong thing. Environmental Monitoring & Assessment 26: 107-124.
12. DASMANN, R.F. & A.S. MOSSMAN. 1962. Road strip counts for estimating numbers of African ungulates. Journal of Wildlife Management 26: 101-104.
13. DEYOUNG, C. A. 1985. Accuracy of helicopter surveys of deer in south Texas. Wildlife Society Bulletin 13 (2): 146-149.
14. EISELEN, R. 1994. Estimating the trends in herbivore numbers in the southern district of the Kruger National Park. South African Journal of Wildlife Research 24(4): 95-100.
15. EMSLIE, R.H., S. FOURIE & B.K. REILLY. 1994. A statistical assessment of the utility of replicated aerial strip censusing as a method to monitor a major cycad population. Unpublished report. Ecoscot Consultancy Services. P.O. Box 1212, Hylton, 3245.
16. FREIMAN, J.A.; CHALMERS, T.C.; SMITH, H. & R.R. KUEBLER. 1978. The importance of beta, the type II error and sample size in the design and interpretation of the randomized control trial: Survey of 71 "negative" trials. New England Journal of Medicine 299: 690-694.
17. GOODMAN, P.S. 1977. An evaluation of three techniques for estimating animal numbers in a wildlife population. Unpublished mimeographed report, Natal Parks Board, Pietermaritzburg.
18. GRAHAM, A. & R. BELL. 1969. Factors influencing the countability of animals. East African Agriculture & Forestry Journal, Special Issue 34: 38-43.
19. GRAHAM, A. & R. BELL. 1989. Investigating observer bias in aerial survey by simultaneous double-counts. Journal of Wildlife Management 53(4): 1009-1010.
20. HAYES, J.P. & R.J.STEIDL. 1997. Statistical power analysis and amphibian population trends. Conservation Biology 11(1): 273-275.
21. HINDS, W.T. 1984. Towards monitoring of long term trends in terrestrial ecosystems. Environmental Conservation II(1): 11-18.
22. HIRST, S.M. 1969. Road-strip census techniques for wild ungulates in African woodland. Journal of Wildlife Management 33 (1): 40-48.
23. KRAEMER, H. C. 1987. How many subjects? Statistical power analysis in research. London: Sage Publications.
24. LERESCHE, R.E. & R.A. RAUSCH. 1974. Accuracy and precision of aerial moose censusing. Journal of Wildlife Management 38: 175-182.
25. LIPSEY, M.W. 1990. Design Sensitivity: Statistical Power for Experimental Research. London: Sage.
26. MAPSTONE, D. 1995. Scalable decision rules for environmental impact studies: Effect size; Type I & Type II errors. Ecological Applications 5(2): 401-410.
27. MCCULLOUGH, D. R. 1994. What do herd composition counts tell us? Wildlife Society Bulletin 22(2): 295-300.
28. MELTON, D.A. 1978. Undercounting bias of helicopter census in Umfolozi Game Reserve. Lammergeyer 26: 1-6.
29. NORTON-GRIFFITHS, M. 1978. Reducing counting bias in aerial census by photography. East African Wildlife Journal 12: 245-248.
30. OTTEN, M.R.M., J. B. HAUFLER, S. R. WINTERSTEIN & L. C. BENDER. 1993. An aerial censusing procedure for elk in Michigan. Wildlife Society Bulletin 21(1): 73-80.
31. PEARSON, E.S. & H.O. HARTLEY. 1976. Biometrika tables for statisticians. Norfolk: Cambridge University Press.
32. PAYNE, N. F. 1981. Accuracy of aerial censusing for beaver colonies in Newfoundland. Journal of Wildlife Management 45(4): 1014-1016.
33. PENNYCUICK, C.J. & D. WESTERN. 1972. An investigation of some sources of bias in aerial transect sampling of large mammal populations. East African Wildlife Journal 10: 175-191.
34. PETERMAN, R.M. 1990. Statistical power analysis can improve fisheries research and management. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science 47: 2-15.
35. REED, J.M. & A.R. BLAUSTEIN. 1995. Assessment of non-declining amphibian populations using power analysis. Conservation Biology 9: 1299-1300.
36. RICE, W.R. & J.D. HARDER. 1977. Application of multiple aerial sampling to mark - recapture census of white-tailed deer. Journal of Wildlife Management 41: 197-206.
37. ROTHPEARL, A.B., R.C. MOHS & K.L. DAVIS. 1981. Statistical power in biological psychiatry. Psychiatry Research 5: 257-266.
38. SEBER, G.A.F. 1992. A review of estimating animal abundance II. International Statistical Review 60(2): 129-166.
39. THERON, G.K. 1978. Plantegroei tipes van Loskopdam Natuurreservaat. Unpubl. D.Sc. thesis, University of Pretoria.
40. VAN HENSBERGEN, H.J., M.P.S. BERRY & J. JURITZ. 1996. Helicopter based line transect estimates of African herbivore populations. South African Journal of Wildlife Research 26(3): 81-87.
41. VAN LAVIEREN, L.P. & J.D. ESSER. 1979. Numbers, distribution and habitat preference of large mammals in Bouba Ndjida National Park, Cameroon. African Journal of Ecology 17: 141-153.