Spatiotemporal effects of syncytial heterogeneities on cardiac far- field excitations during monophasic and biphasic shocks

Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology

Volumn 9, Issue 12, 1998, Pages 1310-1324

  Fishler, Matthew G ^a   Vepa, Kushal ^a  

^a ST JUDE MEDICAL   (United States)

Author keywords

Bidomain; Defibrillation; Depolarization; Excitation; Heterogeneity; Hyperpolarization; Strength duration; Strength interval; Syncytium; Threshold

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; DEFIBRILLATION; ELECTROSTIMULATION; HEART DEPOLARIZATION; HYPERPOLARIZATION; MATHEMATICAL MODEL; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SYNCYTIUM;

EID: 0031700757     PISSN: 10453873     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-8167.1998.tb00107.x     Document Type: Article

References (63)

1. Chapman RA, Fry CH: An analysis of the cable properties of frog ventricular myocardium. J Physiol (Lond) 1978;283:263-282.
2. Jack JJB, Noble D, Tsien RW: Electric Current Flow in Excitable Cells. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1975, pp. 83-97.
3. Colavita PG, Wolf P, Smith WM, et al: Determination of effects of internal countershock by direct cardiac recordings during normal rhythm. Am J Physiol 1986;250:H736-H740.
4. Frazier DW, Krassowska W, Chen P-S, et al: Extracellular field required for excitation in three-dimensional anisotropic canine myocardium. Circ Res 1988;63: 147-164.
5. Sweeney RJ, Gill RG, Steinberg MI, et al: Ventricular refractory period extension caused by defibrillation shocks. Circulation 1990;82:965-972.
6. Plonsey R, Barr RC: Inclusion of junction elements in a linear cardiac model through secondary sources: Application to defibrillation. Med Biol Eng Comput 1986; 24:137-144.
7. Plonsey R, Barr RC: Effect of microscopic and macroscopic discontinuities on the response of cardiac tissue to defibrillating (stimulating) currents. Med Biol Eng Comput 1986;24:130-136.
8. Krassowska W, Pilkington TC, Ideker RE: Periodic conductivity as a mechanism for cardiac stimulation and defibrillation. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 1987; BME-34:555-560.
9. Trayanova NA, Roth BJ, Maiden LJ: The response of a spherical heart to a uniform electric field: A bidomain analysis of cardiac stimulation. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 1993;40:899-908.
10. Fishler MG: Syncytial heterogeneity as a mechanism underlying cardiac far-field stimulation during defibrillation-level shocks. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 1998; 9:384-394.
11. Krassowska W, Frazier DW, Pilkington TC, et al: Potential distribution in three-dimensional periodic myocardium - Part II: Application to extracellular stimulation. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 1990;37:267-284.
12. Cartee LA, Plonsey R: The effect of cellular discontinuities on the transient subthreshold response of a one-dimensional cardiac model. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 1992;39:260-270.
13. Neu JC, Krassowska W: Homogenization of syncytial tissues. Crit Rev Biomed Eng 1993;21:137-199.
14. Fishier MG: The transient far-field response of a discontinuous one-dimensional cardiac fiber to subthreshold stimuli. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 1997;44:10-18.
15. Trayanova N: Discrete versus syncytial tissue behavior in a model of cardiac stimulation - II: Results of simulation. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 1996;43:1141-1151.
16. Trayanova N, Bray M-A: Membrane refractoriness and excitation induced in cardiac fibers by monophasic and biphasic shocks. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 1997; 8:745-757.
17. Fishler MG, Sobie EA, Tung L, et al: Cardiac responses to premature monophasic and biphasic field stimuli: Results from cell and tissue modeling studies. J Electrocardiol 1996;28:174-179.
18. Fishler MG, Sobie EA, Tung L, et al: Modeling the interaction between propagating cardiac waves and monophasic and biphasic field stimuli: The importance of the induced spatial excitatory response. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 1996;7:1183-1196.
19. Knisley SB, Blitchington TF, Hill BC, et al: Optical measurements of transmembrane potential changes during electric field stimulation of ventricular cells. Circ Res 1993;72:255-270.
20. Windisch H, Ahammer H, Schaffer P, et al: Optical multisite monitoring of cell excitation phenomena in isolated cardiomyocytes. J Physiol (Lond) 1995;430: 508-518.
21. Gillis AM, Fast VG, Rohr S, et al: Spatial changes in transmembrane potential during extracellular electrical shocks in cultured monolayers of neonatal rat ventricular myocytes. Circ Res 1996;79:676-690.
22. Zhou X, Smith WM, Rollins DL, et al: Spatial changes in transmembrane potential during a shock. PACE 1995;18(Pt. II):935.
23. Streeter DD Jr: Gross morphology and fiber geometry of the heart. In Berne RM, Sperelakis N, Geiger SR, eds: Handbook of Physiology. Section 2: The Cardiovascular System. American Physiological Society, Baltimore, 1979, pp. 61-112.
24. LeGrice IJ, Smaill BH, Chai LZ, et al: Laminar structure of the heart: Ventricular myocyte arrangement and connective tissue architecture in the dog. Am J Physiol 1995;269:H571-H582.
25. Clerc L: Directional differences of impulse spread in trabecular muscle from mammalian heart. J Physiol (Lond) 1976;255:335-346.
26. Trayanova N, Eason J, Henriquez CS: Electrode polarity effects on the shock-induced transmembrane potential distribution in the canine heart. Proc IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 1995;17:317-318.
27. Sobie EA, Susil RC, Tung L: A generalized activating function for predicting virtual electrodes in cardiac tissue. Biophys J 1997;73:1410-1423.
28. Sorenson AL, Tepper D, Sonnenblick EH, et al: Size and shape of enzymatically isolated ventricular myocytes from rats and cardiomyopathic hamsters. Cardiovasc Res 1985; 19:793-799.
29. Sommer JR, Dolber PC: Cardiac muscle: Ultrastructure of its cells and bundles. In Paes de Carvalho A, Hoffman BF, Lieberman M, eds: Normal and Abnormal Conduction of the Heart Beat. Futura Publishing Co., Armonk, NY, 1982, pp. 1-28.
30. Sommer JR, Scherer B: Geometry of cell and bundle appositions in cardiac muscle: Light microscopy. Am J Physiol 1985;248:H792-H803.
31. Gerdes AM, Kasten FH: Morphometric study of endomyocardium and epimyocardium of the left ventricle in adult dogs. Am J Anat 1980;159:389-394.
32. Henriquez CS: Simulating the electrical behavior of cardiac tissue using the bidomain model. Crit Rev Biomed Eng 1993;21:1-77.
33. Luo C-H, Rudy Y: A model of the ventricular cardiac action potential: Depolarization, repolarization, and their interaction. Circ Res 1991;68:1501-1526.
34. Cole KS, Curtis HJ: Bioelectricity: Electric physiology. In Glasser O, ed: Medical Physics. Year Book Publishers, Chicago, 1950, pp. 82-90.
35. Roth BJ: The electrical properties of tissue. In Bronzino JD, ed: The Biomedical Engineering Handbook. CRC Press, Boca Raton, 1995, pp. 126-138.
36. Sommer JR, Johnson EA: The ultrastructure of cardiac muscle. In Sperelakis N: Handbook of Physiology. The Cardiovascular System. American Physiological Society, Bethesda, 1979, pp. 113-186.
37. Hoyt RH, Cohen ML, Saffitz JE: Distribution and three-dimensional structure of intercellular junctions in canine myocardium. Circ Res 1989;64:563-574.
38. Crank J, Nicholson P: A practical method for numerical evaluation of solutions of partial differential equations of heat-conduction type. Proc Cambridge Phil Soc 1947;43:50-67.
39. Oppe TC: STENCIL User's Guide: A Package for Solving Large Sparse Linear Systems by Various Iterative Methods. Supercomputer Computations Research Institute, Florida State University, 1994.
40. Geddes LA, Bourland JD: Tissue stimulation: Theoretical considerations and practical applications. Med Biol Eng Comput 1985;23:131-137.
41. Mouchawar GA, Geddes LA, Bourland JD, et al: Ability of the Lapicque and Blair strength-duration curves to fit experimentally obtained data from the dog heart. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 1989;36:971-974.
42. Anversa P, Loud AV, Giacomelli F, et al: Absolute morphometric study of myocardial hypertrophy in experimental hypertension. II. Ultrastructure of myocytes and interstitium. Lab Invest 1978;38:597-609.
43. Ursell PC, Gardner PI, Albala A, et al: Structural and electrophysiological changes in the epicardial border zone of canine myocardial infarcts during infarct healing. Circ Res 1985;56:436-451.
44. Chen P-S, Wolf PD, Claydon FJ, et al: The potential gradient field created by epicardial defibrillation electrodes in dogs. Circulation 1986;74:626-636.
45. Usui M, Callihan RL, Walker RG, et al: Epicardial sock mapping following monophasic and biphasic shocks of equal voltage with an endocardial lead system. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 1996;7:322-334.
46. Antzelevitch C, Sicouri S, Litovsky SH, et al: Heterogeneity within the ventricular wall: Electrophysiology and pharmacology of epicardial, endocardial, and M cells. Circ Res 1991;69:1427-1449.
47. Zhou X, Daubert JP, Wolf PD, et al: Epicardial mapping of ventricular defibrillation with monophasic and biphasic shocks in dogs. Circ Res 1993;72:145-160.
48. Krassowska W, Cabo C. Knisley SB. et al: Propagation versus delayed activation during field stimulation of cardiac muscle. PACE 1992;15:197-210.
49. Knisley SB, Smith WM, Ideker RE: Effect of intrastimulus polarity reversal on electric field stimulation thresholds in frog and rabbit myocardium. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 1992;3:239-254.
50. Krassowska W, Kumar MS: The role of spatial interactions in creating the dispersion of transmembrane potential by premature electric shocks. Ann Biomed Eng 1997;25:949-963.
51. Daubert JP, Frazier DW, Wolf PD, et al: Response of relatively refractory canine myocardium to monophasic and biphasic shocks. Circulation 1991;84:2522-2538.
52. Lepeschkin E, Jones JL, Rush S, et al: Local potential gradients as unifying measure for thresholds of stimulation, standstill, tachyarrhythmia and fibrillation appearing after strong capacitor discharges. Adv Cardiol 1977;21:268-278.
53. Jones JL, Lepeschkin E, Jones RE, et al: Response of cultured myocardial cells to countershock-type electric field stimulation. Am J Physiol 1978;235:H214-H222.
54. Mitchell RH, Bailey AH, Anderson JM, et al: Electrical stimulation of cultured myocardial cells. J Biomed Eng 1992;14:52-56.
55. Jones JL, Jones RE, Balasky G: Improved cardiac cell excitation with symmetrical biphasic defibrillator waveforms. Am J Physiol 1987:253:H1418-H1424.
56. Reilly JP, Freeman VT, Larkin WD: Sensory effects of transient electrical stimulation - Evaluation with a neuroelectric model. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 1985;BME-32:1001-1010.
57. Blair HA: On the intensity-time relations for stimulation by electric currents. II. J Gen Physiol 1932;15: 731-755.
58. Kroll MW: A minimal model of the single capacitor biphasic defibrillation waveform. PACE 1994;17: 1782-1792.
59. Roth BJ: A mathematical model of make and break electrical stimulation of cardiac tissue by a unipolar anode or cathode. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 1995;42: 1174-1184.
60. Fishier MG, Sobie EA, Thakor NV, et al: Mechanisms of cardiac cell excitation with premature monophasic and biphasic field stimuli: A model study. Biophys J 1996;70:1347-1362.
61. Luo C-H, Rudy Y: A dynamic model of the cardiac ventricular action potential. I. Simulations of ionic currents and concentrations. Circ Res 1994;74:1071-1096.
62. Zeng J, Laurita KR, Rosenbaum DS, et al: Two components of the delayed rectifier K+ current in ventricular myocytes of the guinea pig type. Circ Res 1995; 77:140-152.
63. Nygren A, Fiset L, Clark JW, et al: Mathematical model of an adult human atrial cell: The role of K+ currents in repolarization. Circ Res 1998;82:63-81.