Glutamine biosynthesis and the utilization of succinate and glutamine by Rhizobium etli and Sinorhizobium meliloti

Microbiology

Volumn 144, Issue 9, 1998, Pages 2629-2638

  Encarnación, Sergio ^a   Calderón, Jorge ^b   Gelbard, Alan S ^c,d   Cooper, Arthur J L ^c,e   Mora, Jaime ^a  

^a INSTITUTO DE CIENCIAS FÍSICAS   (Mexico)

^b UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTÓNOMA DE MÉXICO   (Mexico)

^c Department of Obstetrics Gynecology   (United States)

^d MEMORIAL SLOAN KETTERING CANCER CENTER   (United States)

^e Winnifred Masterson Burke Med R   (United States)

Author keywords

Carbon metabolism; Glutamine cycle; Nitrogen metabolism; Rhizobium etli; Sinorhizobium meliloti

Indexed keywords

3 HYDROXYBUTYRIC ACID; 4 HYDROXYBUTYRIC ACID; AMMONIA; GLUTAMATE AMMONIA LIGASE; GLUTAMINE; SUCCINIC ACID;

AMINO ACID METABOLISM; ARTICLE; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RHIZOBIUM; RHIZOBIUM ETLI; SINORHIZOBIUM MELILOTI;

NEGIBACTERIA; NEUROSPORA; RHIZOBIUM ETLI; SINORHIZOBIUM; SINORHIZOBIUM MELILOTI; SINORHIZOBIUM MELILOTI 1021;

EID: 0031696827     PISSN: 13500872     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1099/00221287-144-9-2629     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Bender, R. A., Janssen, K. A., Resnick, A. D., Blumenberg, M., Foor, F. & Magasanik, B. (1977). Biochemical parameters of glutamine synthetase from Klebsiella aerogenes. J Bacteriol 129, 1001-1009.
2. Bravo, A. & Mora, J. (1988). Ammonium assimilation in Rhizobium phaseoli by the glutamine synthetase-glutamate synthase pathway. J Bacteriol 170, 980-984.
3. Bravo, A., Becerril, B. & Mora, J. (1988). Introduction of the Escherichia coli gdh A gene into Rhizobium phaseoli: effect on nitrogen fixation. J Bacteriol 170, 985-988.
4. de Bruijn, F. J., Rossbach, S., Schneider, M., Ratet, P., Messmer, S., Szeto, W. W., Ausubel, F. M. & Schell, J. (1989). Rhizobium meliloti 1021 has three differentially regulated loci involved in glutamine biosynthesis, none of which is essential for symbiotic nitrogen fixation. J Bacteriol 171, 1673-1682.
5. Calderón, J. & Mora, J. (1985). Glutamine cycling in Neurospora crassa. J Gen Microbiol 131, 3237-3242.
6. Calderón, J. & Mora, J. (1989). Glutamine assimilation pathways in Neurospora crassa growing on glutamine as sole nitrogen and carbon source. J Gen Microbiol 135, 2699-2707.
7. Calderón, J., Morett, E. & Mora, J. (1985). ω-Amidase pathway in the degradation of glutamine in Neurospora crassa. J Bacterial 161, 807-809.
8. 13N isotope studies of glutamine assimilation pathways in Neurospora crassa. J Bactenol 171, 1772-1774.
9. Carlson, T. A., Martin, G. B. & Chelm, B. K. (1987). Differential transcription of the two glutamine synthetase genes of Bradyrkizobium japonicum. J Bacteriol 169, 5861-5866.
10. Chiurazzi, M., Meza, R., Lara, M., Lahm, A., Defez, R., Iaccarino, M. & Espín, G. (1992). The Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar phaseoli glnT gene, encoding glutamine synthetase III. Gene 119, 1-8.
11. Darrow, R. A. & Knotts, R. R. (1977). Two forms of glutamine synthetase in free-living root-nodule bacteria. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 78, 554-559.
12. Durán, S. & Calderón, J. (1995). Role of the glutamine transaminase ω-amidase pathway and glutaminase in glutamine degradation in Rhizobium etli. Microbiology 141, 589-595.
13. Durán, S., Du Pont, G., Huerta-Zepeda, A. & Calderón, J. (1995). The role of glutaminase in Rhizobium etli: studies with a new mutant. Microbiology 141, 2883-2889.
14. Durán, S., Sánchez-Linares, L., Huerta-Saquero, A., Du Pont, G., Huerta-Zepeda, A. & Calderón, J. (1996). Identification of two glutaminases in Rhizobium etli. Biochem Genet 34, 453-465.
15. Encarnación, S., Dunn, M., Willms, K. & Mora, J. (1995). Fermentative and aerobic metabolism in Rhizobium etli. J Bacteriol 177, 3058-3066.
16. Espín, G., Palacios, R. & Mora, J. (1979). Glutamine metabolism in nitrogen-starved conidia of Neurospora crassa. J Gen Microbiol 115,59-68.
17. Espín, G., Moreno, S., Wild, M., Meza, R. & Iaccarino, M. (1990). A previously unrecognized glutamine synthetase expressed in Klebsiella pneumoniae from the glnT locus of Rhizobium leguminosarum. Mol Gen Genet 223, 513-516.
18. Hardman, J. K. & Stadtman, T. C. (1963). Metabolism of ω-amino acids. IV.γ-Aminobutyrate fermentation by cell-free extracts of Clostridium aminobutyricum. J Biol Chem 238, 2088-2093.
19. Helling, R. B. (1994). Why does Escherichia coli have two primary pathways for synthesis of glutamate ? J Bacteriol 176, 4664-4668.
20. Hernández, G. & Mora, J. (1986). Glutamine synthesis regulates sucrose catabolism in Neurospora crassa. J Gen Microbiol 132, 3315-3323.
21. Hernández, G., Mora, Y. & Mora, J. (1986). Regulation of glutamine synthesis by glycine and serine in Neurospora crassa. J Bacteriol 165, 133-138.
22. Larsson, Ch., Nilsson, A., Blomberg, A. & Gustafsson, L. (1997). Glycolytic flux is conditionally correlated with ATP concentration in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: a chemostat study under carbon-or nitrogen-limiting conditions. J Bacteriol 179, 7243-7250.
23. Law, J. H. & Slepecky, R. A. (1961). Assay of poly-β-hydroxybutync acid. J Bacteriol 82, 33-36.
24. Lomnitz, A., Calderón, J. & Mora, J. (1987). Functional analysis of ammonium assimilation enzymes in Neurospora crassa. J Gen Microbiol 133, 2333-2340.
25. Metzer, E. & Halpern, Y. S. (1990). In vivo cloning and characterization of the gabCTDP gene cluster of Escherichia coli K-12. J Bacteriol 172, 3250-3256.
26. Miller, R. W., McRae, D. G. & Joy, K. (1991). Glutamate and γ-aminobutyrate metabolism in isolated Rhizobium meliloti bacteroids. Mol Plant-Microbe Interact 4, 37-45.
27. Mora, J. (1990). Glutamine metabolism and cycling in Neurospora crassa. Microbiol Rev 54, 293-304.
28. Mora, J., Salceda, R. & Sánchez, S. (1972). Regulation of arginase activity by intermediates of the arginine biosynthetic pathway in Neurospora crassa. J Bacteriol 110, 870-877.
29. Osburne, M. S. & Signer, E. R. (1980). Ammonium assimilation in Rhizobium meliloti. J Bacteriol 143, 1234-1240.
30. Ronzio, R. A. & Meister, A. (1968). Phosphorylation of methionine sulfoximine by glutamine synthetase. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 59, 164-170.
31. Shatters, R. G., Liu, Y. & Kahn, M. L. (1993). Isolation and characterization of a novel glutamine synthetase from Rhizobium meliloti. J Bacteriol 268, 469-475.
32. Steinbüchel, A. & Schlegel, H. G. (1991). Physiology and molecular genetics of poly(β-hydroxy-alkanoic acid) synthesis in Alcaligenes eutrophus. Mol Microbiol 5, 535-542.
33. Stucki, J. W. (1980). The optimal efficiency and the economic degrees of coupling of oxidative phosphorylation. Eur J Biochem 109, 269-283.
34. Tempest, D. W. (1978). The biochemical significance of microbial growth yields: a reassessment. Trends Biochem Sci 3, 180-184.