Trick or treat?: Uneven understanding of mind and emotion and executive dysfunction in 'hard-to-manage' preschoolers

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines

Volumn 39, Issue 7, 1998, Pages 981-994

  Hughes, Claire ^a   Dunn, Judy ^b   White, Adele ^a  

^a MEDICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL   (United Kingdom)

^b KING'S COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Conduct disorder; Executive function; Hyperactivity; Preschool children; Social cognition

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; BEHAVIOR DISORDER; BRAIN DYSFUNCTION; COGNITION; COMPREHENSION; CONTROLLED STUDY; EMOTION; FEMALE; FUNCTIONAL DISEASE; HUMAN; MALE; NORMAL HUMAN; PREDICTION; PRESCHOOL CHILD; QUESTIONNAIRE; RECALL; TASK PERFORMANCE;

AFFECT; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER WITH HYPERACTIVITY; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; COGNITION; CONDUCT DISORDER; DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES; FEMALE; HUMANS; INTERPERSONAL RELATIONS; MALE; PSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; PSYCHOMOTOR PERFORMANCE; SOCIAL ADJUSTMENT;

EID: 0031689339     PISSN: 00219630     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S0021963098003059     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. American Psychiatrie Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th Edn.). Washington, DC: Author.
2. Arsenio, W. F., & Fleiss, K. (1996). Typical and behaviourally disruptive children's understanding of the emotional consequences of socio-moral events. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 14, 173-186.
3. Barkley, R. A. (1997). Behavioural inhibition, sustained attention and executive functions: Constructing a unifying theory of ADHD. Psychological Bulletin, 121, 65-94.
4. Baron-Cohen, S. (1992). Out of sight or out of mind? Another look at deception in autism. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 33, 1141-1155.
5. Bartsch, K., & Wellman, H. (1989). Young children's attribution of action to belief and desires. Child Development, 60, 946-964.
6. Bullock, M., & Russell, J. A. (1984). Preschool children's interpretation of facial expressions of emotion. International Journal of Behavioural Development, 7, 193-214.
7. Campbell, S. B. (1995). Behavioural problems in preschool children: A review of recent research. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 36, 113-149.
8. Denham, S. (1986). Social cognition, prosocial behaviour, and emotion in preschoolers: Contextual validation. Child Development, 57, 603-618.
9. Dennis, M., Spiegier, B. J., Fitz, C. R., Huffman, H. J., Hendrick, E. B., Humphreys, R. P., & Chuang, S. (1991). Brain tumors in children and adolescents I: Effects on working associative and serial order memory of IQ, age at tumor onset, and age of tumor. Neuropsychologia, 29, 807-828.
10. Dishion, T. J., Patterson, G. R., Stoolmiller, M., & Skinner, M. L. (1991). Family, school, and behavioral antecedents to early adolescent involvement with antisocial peers. Developmental Psychology, 27, 172-180.
11. Dodge, K. A. (1980). Social cognition and children's aggressive behavior. Child Development, 51, 162-170.
12. Dodge, K. A., & Somberg, D. R. (1987). Hostile attributional biases among aggressive boys are exacerbated under conditions of threats to the self. Child Development, 58, 213-224.
13. Dunn, L. M., Dunn, L. M., Whetton, C., & Pintilie, D. (1982). British Picture Vocabulary Scale. Windsor, U.K.: NFER-Nelson.
14. Dunn, J., Brown, J., Slomkowski, C., Tesla, C., & Youngblade, L. (1991). Young children's understanding of other people's feelings and beliefs: Individual differences and their antecedents. Child Development, 62, 1352-1366.
15. Faraone, S. V., Biederman, J., Chen, W., Milberger, S., Warburton, R., & Tsuang, M. T. (1995). Genetic heterogeneity in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): Gender, psychiatric comorbidity, and maternal ADHD. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 104, 334-345.
16. Frith, U. (1970). Studies in pattern detection in normal and autistic children II: Reproduction and production of colour sequences. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 10, 120-135.
17. Golding, J. (1996). Children of the nineties: A resource for assessing the magnitude of long-term effects of pregnancy and perinatal events. Contemporary Reviews in Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 8, 813-817.
18. Goldman-Fristoe-Woodcock. (1974). Auditory Memory Tests. Circle Pines, MN : American Guidance Service.
19. Goodman, R. (1994). A modified version of the Rutter Parent Questionnaire including extra items on children's strengths: A research note. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 35, 1483-1494.
20. Goodman, R. (1997). The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire: A research note. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 38, 581-586.
21. Grant, D. A., & Berg, E. A. (1948). A behavioural analysis of degree of reinforcement and ease of shifting to new responses in a Weigl-type card-sorting problem. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 38, 404-411.
22. Happé, F., & Frith, U. (1996). Theory of mind and social impairment in children with conduct disorder. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 14, 385-398.
23. Harris, P. L., Johnson, C., Hutton, D., Andrews, G., & Cooke, T. (1989). Young children's theory of mind and emotion. Cognition and Emotion, 3, 379-400.
24. Hinshaw, S. P., Lahey, B. B., & Hart, E. L. (1993). Issues of taxonomy and comorbidity in the development of conduct disorder. Development and Psychopathology, 5, 31-50.
25. Howe, N., & Ross, H. S. (1990). Socialisation, perspectivetaking and the sibling relationship. Developmental Psychology, 26, 160-165.
26. Hughes, C. (1996). Control of action and thought: Normal development and dysfunction in autism: A research note. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 37, 229-236.
27. Hughes, C. (in press). Executive function in preschoolers : Links with theory of mind and verbal ability. British Journal of Developmental Psychology.
28. Hughes, C., & Dunn, J. (in press). Theory of mind and emotion understanding: Longitudinal associations with mental-state talk between friends. Developmental Psychology.
29. Hughes, C., & Russell, J. (1993). Autistic children's difficulty with mental disengagement from an object : Its implications for theories of autism. Developmental Psychology, 29, 498-510.
30. Hughes, C., Russell, J., & Robbins, T. W. (1994). Evidence for central executive dysfunction in autism. Neuropsychologia, 32, 477-492.
31. Ladd, G. W., & Crick, N. R. (1989). Probing the psychological environment: Children's cognitions, perceptions and feelings in the peer culture. In C. Ames & M. Maehr (Eds.)., Advances in motivation and achievement: Motivation enhancing environments, Vol. 6 (pp. 1-44). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
32. Milich, R., & Landau, S. (1989). The role of social status variables in differentiating subgroups of hyperactive children. In L. M. Bloomingdale & J. M. Swanson (Eds.), Attention deficit disorder, Vol. 4 (pp. 1-16). Oxford: Pergamon Press.
33. Moffit, T. E. (1993). The neuropsychology of conduct disorder. Development and Psychopathology, 5, 135-152.
34. Moerbeek, K. (1994). Can't sleep. London: Western Publishing Co.
35. Morton, J., & Frith, U. (1994). Causal modelling: A structural approach to developmental psychopathology. In D. Cicchetti & D. J. Cohen (Eds.), Manual of developmental psychopathology, Vol. 1 (pp. 357-390). New York: John Wiley.
36. Mountain, M. A., & Snow, W. G. (1993). Wisconsin Card Sorting Test as a measure of frontal pathology: A review. Clinical Neuropsychologist, 7, 108-118.
37. Oswald, D. P., & Ollendick, T. (1989). Role taking and social competence in autism and mental retardation. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 19, 119-128.
38. Parker, J. G., & Asher, S. R. (1987). Peer acceptance and later personality adjustment : Are " low-accepted " children at risk? Psychological Bulletin, 102, 357-389.
39. Passler, M. A., Isaac, W., & Hynd, G. W. (1985). Neuropsychological development of behaviour attributed to frontal lobe functioning in children. Developmental Neuropsychology, 1, 349-370.
40. Pennington, B. F., & Bennetto, L. (1993). Main effects or transactions in the neuropsychology of conduct disorder? Commentary on "The neuropsychology of conduct disorder". Development and Psychopathology, 5, 153-164.
41. Pennington, B. F., & Ozonoff, S. (1996). Executive function and developmental psychopathology. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 37, 51-87.
42. Perner, J., Ruffman, T., & Leekam, S. R. (1994). Theory of mind is contagious: You catch it from your sibs. Child Development, 65, 1228-1238.
43. Quiggle, N. L., Garber, J., Panak, W. F., & Dodge, K. A. (1992). Social information processing in aggressive and depressed children. Child Development, 63, 1305-1320.
44. Renfrew, C. E. (1991). The Bus Story: A test of narrative speech. Oxford, U.K.: Winslow Press.
45. Richters, J., & Cicchetti, D. (1993). Mark Twain meets DSM-III-R: Conduct disorder, development and the concept of harmful dysfunction. Development and Psychopathology, 5, 5-30.
46. Rutter, M. (1994). Family discord and conduct disorder: Cause, consequence, or correlate? Special section: Contexts of interparental conflict and child behavior. Journal of Family Psychology, 8, 170-186.
47. Shallice, T. (1982). Specific impairments of planning. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, B 298, 199-209.
48. Sodian, B., & Frith, U. (1992). Deception and sabotage in autistic, retarded and normal children. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 33, 591-605.
49. Thorndike, R. L., Hagen, E. P., & Sattler, J. M. (1986). Stanford-Binet intelligence scales. Chicago, IL: Riverside Publishing Co.
50. Waldman, I. D. (1996). Aggressive boys' hostile perceptual and response biases: The role of attention and impulsivity. Child Development, 67, 1015-1033.
51. Wellman, H. M., & Banerjee, M. (1991). Mind and emotion: Children's understanding of the emotional consequences of beliefs and desires. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 191-214.
52. Welsh, M. C., Pennington, B. F., & Groisser, D. B. (1991). A normative-developmental study of executive function: A window on prefrontal function in children. Developmental Neuropsychology, 7, 131-149.
53. Wenar, C. (1982). Developmental psychopathology : Its nature and models. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 77, 192-201.
54. Whalen, C. K., & Henker, B. (1992). The social profile of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: Five fundamental facets. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 1, 395-410.
55. Woodward, L., Dowdney, L., & Taylor, E. (1997). Child and family factors influencing the clinical referral of children with hyperactivity: A research note. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 38, 479-485.
56. Zahn-Waxler, C. (1993). Warriors and worriers: Gender and psychopathology. Development and Psychopathology, 5, 79-90.
57. Zoccolillo, M. (1993). Gender and the development of conduct disorder. Development and Psychopathology, 5, 65-78.
58. Zoccolillo, M., Pickles, A., Quinton, D., & Rutter, M. (1992). The outcome of childhood conduct disorder: Implications for defining adult personality disorder and conduct disorder. Psychological Medicine, 22, 971-986.