Cognitive and motor slowing in Alzheimer's disease and geriatric depression

Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society

Volumn 4, Issue 5, 1998, Pages 426-434

  Nebes, Robert D ^a   Halligan, Edythe M ^b   Rosen, Jules ^b   Reynolds III, Charles F ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH   (United States)

^b NONE

Author keywords

Alzheimer's disease; Cognitive slowing; Depression; Response time

Indexed keywords

AGED; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; ARTICLE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; COGNITIVE DEFECT; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEPRESSION; HUMAN; MOTOR RETARDATION; PHONETICS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RESPONSE TIME; SENSORIMOTOR FUNCTION; STATISTICS; WORD RECOGNITION;

AGED; ALZHEIMER DISEASE; ATTENTION; COGNITION; DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MOTIVATION; MOVEMENT; PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES; REACTION TIME; READING; RECURRENCE; SEMANTICS;

EID: 0031683898     PISSN: 13556177     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S1355617798455024     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Baddeley, A.D. & Lewis, V. (1981). Inner active processes in reading: The inner voice, the inner ear and the inner eye. In A.M. Lesgold & C.A. Perfetti (Eds.), Interactive processes in reading (pp. 107-129). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
2. Baddeley, A.D. & Wilson, B. (1985). Phonological coding and short-term memory in patients without speech. Journal of Memory and Language, 24, 490-502.
3. Benton, A.L. & Van Allen, M.W. (1968). Impairment in facial recognition in patients with cerebral disease. Cortex, 4, 344-358.
4. Bishop, D.V.M. & Robson, J. (1989). Unimpaired short-term memory and rhyme judgment in congenitally speechless individuals: Implications for the notion of "articulatory coding." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 41A, 123-140.
5. Boaz, T.L. & Denney, D.R. (1993). Speed of scanning in primary memory in persons with dementia of the Alzheimer type. Psychology and Aging, 8, 294-300.
6. Carroll, J.B., Davies, P., & Richman, B. (1971). The American Heritage word frequency book. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
7. Cummings, J.L. & Benson, D.F. (1984). Subcortical dementia: Review of an emerging concept. Archives of Neurology, 41, 847-879.
8. Fairweather, D.B., Kerr, J.S., Harrison, D.A., Moon, C.A., & Hindmarch, I. (1993). A double blind comparison of the effects of fluoxetine and amitriptyline on cognitive function in elderly depressed patients. Human Psychopharmacology, 8, 41-47.
9. Fleminger, S. (1991). Depressive motor retardation. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 6, 459-468.
10. Folstein, M., Folstein, F., & McHugh, P. (1975). "Mini mental state." A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 12, 189-198.
11. Friedman, R.B., Ferguson, S., Robinson, S., & Sunderland, T. (1992). Dissociation of mechanisms of reading in Alzheimer's disease. Brain and Language, 43, 400-413.
12. Gathercole, S. E. & Baddeley A. D. (1993). Working memory and language. Hillsdale, NJ: Earlbaum.
13. Georgotas, A., McCue, R.E., Reisberg, B., Ferris, S.H., Nagachandran, N., Chang, I., & Mir, P. (1989). The effects of mood changes and antidepressants on the cognitive capacity of elderly depressed patients. International Psychogeriatrics, 1, 135-143.
14. Hamilton, M. (1960). A rating scale for depression. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 23, 56-62.
15. Hart, R.P., & Kwentus, J.A. (1987). Psychomotor slowing and subcortical-type dysfunction in depression. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 50, 1263-1266.
16. Hilbert, T.N.M., Niederehe, G., & Kahn, R.L. (1976). Accuracy and speed of memory in depressed and organic aged. Educational Gerontology, 1, 131-146.
17. Hoff, A.L., Shukla, S., Helms, P., Aronson, T.A., Logue, C., Ollo, C., & Cook, B. (1990). The effect of nortriptyline on cognition in elderly depressed patients. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 10, 231-232.
18. Kaplan, E.F., Goodglass, H., & Weintraub, S. (1983). The Boston Naming Test (2nd ed.). Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger.
19. Knott, V.J. & Lapierre, Y.D. (1987). Electrophysiological and behavioral correlates of psychomotor responsivity in depression. Biological Psychology, 22, 313-324.
20. Martinez, R.A., Mulsant, B.H., Meyers, B.S., & Lebowitz, B.D. (1996). Delusional and psychotic depression in late life. American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 4, 77-84.
21. McKhann, G., Drachman, D., Folstein, M., Katzman, R., Price, D., & Stadlan, E. (1984). Clinical diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease: Report of the NINCDS-ADRDA Work Group. Neurology, 34, 939-949.
22. Nebes, R.D. (1975). The nature of internal speech in a patient with aphemia. Brain and Language, 2, 489-497.
23. Nebes, R.D. & Brady, C.B. (1992). Generalized cognitive slowing and severity of dementia in Alzheimer's disease. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology, 14, 317-326.
24. Nebes, R.D., Brady, C.B., & Reynolds, C.F. (1992). Cognitive slowing in Alzheimer's disease and geriatric depression. Journal of Gerontology: Psychological Sciences, 47, P331-P336.
25. Nelson, J.C. & Charney, D.S. (1981). The symptoms of major depressive illness. American Journal of Psychiatry, 138, 1-13.
26. Nilsonne, A. (1988). Speech characteristics as indicators of depressive illness. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavian, 77, 253-263.
27. O'Connor, D.W., Pollitt, P.A., Roth, M., Brook, P.B., & Reiss, B.B. (1990). Memory complaints and impairment in normal, depressed and demented elderly persons identified in a community survey. Archives of General Psychiatry, 47, 224-227.
28. Reynolds, C.F., Frank, E., Kupfer, D.J., Thase, M.E., Perel, J.M., Mazumdar S., & Houck, P.R. (1996). Treatment outcome in recurrent major depression: A post hoc comparison of elderly ("young old") and midlife patients. American Journal of Psychiatry, 153, 1288-1292.
29. Rosen, W.G., Terry, R.D., Fuld, P.A., Katzman, R., & Peck, A. (1980). Pathological verification of ischemic score in differentiation of dementias. Annals of Neurology, 7, 486-488.
30. Rothschild, A.J., Benes, F., Hebben, N., Woods, B., Luciana, M., Bakanas, E., Samson, J.A., & Schatzberg, A.F. (1989). Relationships between brain CT scan findings and cortisol in psychotic and nonpsychotic depressed patients. Biological Psychiatry, 26, 565-575.
31. Sabbe, B., van Hoof, J. Hulstijn, W., & Zitman, F. (1996). Changes in fine motor retardation in depressed patients treated with fluoxetine. Journal of Affective Disorders, 40, 149-157.
32. Salloway, S., Malloy, P., Kohn, R., Gillard, E., Duffy, J., Rogg, J., Tung, G., Richardson, E., Thomas, C., & Westlake, R. (1996). MRI and neuropsychological differences in early- and late-life onset geriatric depression. Neurology, 46, 1567-1574.
33. Salthouse, T.A. (1980). Age and memory: Strategies for localizing the loss. In L.W. Poon, J.L. Fozard, L.S. Cermak, D. Arenberg, & L.W. Thompson (Eds.), New directions in memory and aging (pp. 47-65). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
34. Salthouse, T.A. (1993). Speed mediation of adult age differences in cognition. Developmental Psychology, 29, 722-738.
35. Sternberg, S. (1975). Memory scanning: New findings and current controversies. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 27, 1-32.
36. Szabadi, E., Bradshaw, C.M., & Besson, J.A.O. (1976). Elongation of pause-time in speech: A simple, objective measure of motor retardation in depression. British Journal of Psychiatry, 129, 592-597.
37. Vrtunski, P.B., Patterson, M.B., Mack, J.L., & Hill, G.O. (1983). Microbehavioral analysis of the choice reaction time response in senile dementia. Brain, 106, 927-947.
38. Waters, G.S., Rochon, E., & Caplan, D. (1992). The role of high-level speech planning in rehearsal: Evidence from patients with apraxia of speech. Journal of Memory and Language, 31, 54-73.
39. Wechsler, D. (1987). Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised manual. San Antonio, TX: The Psychological Corporation.
40. Williams, P.A., Jones, G.H., Briscoe, M., Thomas, R., & Cronin, P. (1991). P300 and reaction-time measures in senile dementia of the Alzheimer type. British Journal of Psychiatry, 159, 410-414.
41. Wilson, R.S., Kaszniak, A.W., Klawans, H.L., & Garron, D.C. (1980). High speed memory scanning in Parkinsonism. Cortex, 16, 67-72.