No evidence of trophic cascades in an experimental microbial-based soil food web

Ecology

Volumn 79, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 153-164

  Mlkola, Juha ^a   Sktälä, Heikki ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF JYVÄSKYLÄ   (Finland)

Author keywords

Biomass regulation; Bottom up vs. top down regulation; Microbes; Microbial productivity; Microcosm; Mineralization; Nematodes; Soil food web; Trophic cascade; Trophic level

Indexed keywords

BIOMASS; FOOD WEB; MICROBIAL COMMUNITY; SOIL FAUNA; TROPHIC CASCADE;

APHELENCHOIDES; BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); CAENORHABDITIS ELEGANS; FUNGI; NEMATODA; PRIONCHULUS; PRIONCHULUS PUNCTATUS;

EID: 0031682752     PISSN: 00129658     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1890/0012-9658(1998)079[0153:neotci]2.0.co;2     Document Type: Article

References (85)

1. Abram,s, B. I., and M. J. Miichcll. 1980. Role of nematodehaclerial interactions in hetcrotrophic systems with emphasis on sewage sludge decomposition. Oikos 35:404- 410.
2. Abrams, P. A. 1993. Effect of increased productivity on the abundances of trophic levels. American Naturalist 141: 351-371.
3. Allen-Morley, C. R., and D. C. Coleman. 1989. Resilience of soil biota in various food webs to freezing perturbations. Ecology 70:1127-1141.
4. Andrassy, I. 1956. Die Rauminhalts- und Gewichtbestimmung der Fadenwürmen (Nemaloden). Acta Zoologica (Hungarian Academy of Science) 2:1-15.
5. Bååth, E., U. Lohtn, B. Lundgren, T. Rosswall, B. Söderström, and B. Sohlenius. 1981. Impact of microbial-feeding animals on total soil activity and nitrogen dynamics: a soil microcosm experiment. Oikos 37:257-264.
6. Bengtsson, G., and S. Rundgrcn. 1983. Respiration and growth of a fungus, Monierella isabellina, in response to grazing by Onychiurus armatus (Collembola). Soil Biology and Biochemistry 15:469-473.
7. Bengtsson, J., H. Setälä. and D. W. Zheng. 1996. Food webs and nutrient cycling in soils: interactions and positive feedbacks. Pages 30-38 in G. A. Polis and K. O. Winemiller, editors. Food webs: integration of patterns and dynamics. Chapman and Hall. New York, New York, USA.
8. Bouwman, L. A., J. Bloem, P. H. J. F. van den Boogert, F. Bremer, G. H. J. Hoenderboom, and P. C. de Ruiter. 1994. Short-term and long-term effects of baclerivorous nematodes and nematophagous fungi on carbon and nitrogen mineralization in microcosms. Biology and Fertility of Soils 17:249-256.
9. Brussaard, L., R. Noordhuis, M. Geurs, and L. A. Bouwman. 1995. Nitrogen mineralization in soil in microcosms with or without bacterivorous nematodes and nemalophagous mites. Acta Zoologica Fennica 196:15-21.
10. Carpenter, S. R., and J. F. Kitchcll. 1988. Consumer control of lake productivity. BioScience 38:764-769.
11. Carpenter, S. R., J. F. Kitchell, and J. R. Hodgson. 1985. Cascading trophic interactions and lake productivity. BioScience 35:634-639.
12. Carpenter, S. R., J. F. Kitchcll, J. R. Hodgson, P. A. Cochran, J. J. Elser. M. M. Elser. D. M. Lodge. D. Kretchmer. X. He, and C. N. von Ende. 1987. Regulation of lake primary productivity by food web structure. Ecology 68:1863- 1876.
13. Coleman, D. C., C. P. P. Reid, and C. V. Cole. 1983. Biological strategies of nutrient cycling in soil systems. Advances in Ecological Research 13:1-55.
14. Cousins, S. 1987. The decline of the trophic level concept. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 2:312-316.
15. Curl, E. A., and B. Truelove. 1986. The rhizosphere. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Germany.
16. Daehler, C. C., and D. R. Strong, editors. 1996. Special feature: can you bottle nature? The roles of microcosms in ecological research. Ecology 77:663-705.
17. Elkins, N. Z., and W. G. Whitford. 1982. The role of microarthropods and nematodes in decomposition in a semiarid ecosystem. Oecologia 55:303-310.
18. Faber, J. H., A. Teuben. M. P. Berg, and P. Doelman. 1992. Microbial biomass and activity in pine litter in the presence of Tomocerus minor (Insecta: Collembola). Biology and Fertility of Soils 12:233-240.
19. Fretwell, S. D. 1977. The regulation of plant communities by the food chains exploiting them. Perspectives in Biology and Medicine 20:169-185.
20. _. 1987. Food chain dynamics: the central theory of ecology? Oikos 50:291-301.
21. Frostegård, A., and E. Bååth. 1996. The use of phospholipid fatty acid analysis to estimate bacterial and fungal biomass in soil. Biology and Fertility of Soils 22:59-65.
22. Frostegard, Å., A. Tunlid. and E. Bååth. 1991. Microbial biomass measured as total lipid phosphate in soils of different organic content. Journal of Microbiological Methods 14:151-163.
23. Gómez, J. M., and R. Zamora. 1994. Top-down effects in a tritrophic system: parasitoids enhance plant fitness. Ecology 75:1023-1030.
24. Griffiths, B. S. 1986. Mineralization of nitrogen and phosphorus by mixed cultures of the ciliatc protozoan Colpoda steinii. the nematode Rhabditis sp. and the bacterium Pseudomonas fluorescent. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 18: 637-641.
25. Gunn, A., and J. M. Cherrett. 1993. The exploitation of food resources by soil meso- and macro invertebrates. Pedobiologia 37:303-320.
26. Haack, S. K., H. Garchow, D. A. Odelson, L. J. Forney. and M. J. Klug. 1994. Accuracy, reproducibility, and interpretation of fatty acid methyl ester profiles of model bacterial communities. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 60:2483-2493.
27. Hairston, N. G. Jr., and N. G. Hairston Sr. 1993. Cause-effect relationships in energy flow, trophic structure, and interspecific interactions. American Naturalist 142:379-411.
28. Hairston, N. G., F. E. Smith, and L. B. Slobodkin. 1960 Community structure, population control, and competition. American Naturalist 94:421-425.
29. Hanlon, R. D. G., and J. M. Andcrson. 1979. The effects of collembola grazing on microbial activity in decomposing leaf litter. Oecologia 38:93-99.
30. Hedlund, K., and A. Augustsson. 1995. Effects of enchytraeid grazing on fungal growth and respiration. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 27:905-909.
31. Hedlund, K., L. Boddy, and C. M. Preston. 1991. Mycelial responses of the soil fungus, Mortierella isabellina. to grazing by Onychiurus armatus (Collembola). Soil Biology and Biochemistry 23:361-366.
32. Hunter, M. D., and P. W. Price. 1992. Playing chutes and ladders: heterogeneity and the relative roles of bottom-up and top-down forces in natural communities. Ecology 73: 724-732.
33. Ingham, E. R., J. A. Trofymow, R. N. Ames. H. W. Hunt. C. R. Morley, J. C. Moore, and D. C. Colcman. 1986. Trophic interactions and nitrogen cycling in a semi-arid grassland soil. II. System responses to removal of different groups of soil microbes or fauna. Journal of Applied Ecology 23: 615-630.
34. Ingham, R. E., J. A. Trofymow, E. R. Ingham, and D. C. Coleman. 1985. Interactions of bacteria, fungi, and their nematode grazers: effects on nutrient cycling and plant growth. Ecological Monographs 55:119-140.
35. Janzen, R. A., K. P. Raverkar, P. M. Rutherford, and W. B. McGill. 1994. Decreasing amounts of extraclable phospholipid-linked fatty acids in a soil during decline in numbers of pseudomonads. Canadian Journal of Soil Science 74:277-284.
36. Jones, C. G., and J. H. Lawton, editors. 1995. Linking species and ecosystems. Chapman and Hall. New York, New York, USA.
37. Kareiva, P. 1989. Renewing the dialogue between theory and experiments in population ecology. Pages 68-88 in J. Roughgarden. R. M. May. and S. A. Levin, editors. Perspectives in ecological theory. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, USA.
38. Kjøller, A., and S. Struwe. 1982. Microfungi in ecosystems: fungal occurrence and activity in litter and soil. Oikos 39: 391-422.
39. Klekowski. R. Z., L. Wasilewska, and E. Paplinska. 1972. Oxygen consumption by soil-inhabiting ncmatodes. Ncmatologica 18:391-403.
40. Laakso, J., J. Salmincn. and H. Setälä. 1995. Effects of abiotic conditions and microarthropod predation on the structure and function of soil animal communities. Acta Zoologica Fennica 196:162-167.
41. Leibold, M. A. 1989. Resource edibility and the effects of predators and productivity on the outcome of trophic interactions. American Naturalist 134:922-949.
42. Lorcau, M. 1995 Consumers as maximizers of matter and energy flow in ecosystems. American Naturalist 145:22- 42.
43. Maertens, D. 1975. Observations on the life cycle of Prionchulus punctatus (Cobb 1917) (Nematoda) and some culture conditions. Biologisch Jaarboek Dodonaea 43:197- 218.
44. Marquis, R. J., and C. J. Whelan. 1994 Insectivorous birds increase growth of white oak through consumption of leafchewing insects. Ecology 75:2007-2014
45. Martikaincn, E., and V. Huhta. 1990. Interactions between nematodes and predatory mites in raw humus soil: a microcosm experiment. Revue d'Écologie et de Biologie du Sol 27:13-20.
46. McNaughton, S. J. 1985. Ecology of a grazing ecosystem: the Serengeti. Ecological Monographs 55:259-294.
47. McNaughton, S. J., M. Oesterheld, D. A. Frank, and K. J. Williams. 1989. Ecosystem-level patterns of primary productivity and herbivory in terrestrial habitats. Nature 341: 142-144
48. McQueen, D. J., M. R. S. Johannes, J. R. Post, T. J. Stewart, and D. R. S. Lean. 1989. Bottom-up and top-down impacts on freshwater pelagic community structure. Ecological Monographs 59:289-309.
49. McQueen, D. J., J. R. Post, and E. L. Mills. 1986. Trophic relationships in freshwater pelagic ecosystems. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science 43:1571-1581.
50. Moore, J. C., and H. W. Hunt. 1988. Resource compartmentation and the stability of real ecosystems. Nature 333: 261-263.
51. Moore, J. C., P. C. de Ruiter, H. W. Hunt. D. C. Coleman, and D. W. Freckman. 1996. Microcosms and soil ecology: critical linkages between field studies and modelling food webs. Ecology 77:694-705.
52. Morin, P. J., and S. P. Lawler. 1995. Food web architecture and population dynamics: theory and empirical evidence. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 26:505-529.
53. Nelmes, A. J. 1974. Evaluation of the feeding behavior of Prionchulus punctatux (Cobb), a nematode predator. Journal of Animal Ecology 43:553-565.
54. Oksancn, L. 1983. Trophic exploitation and arctic phytomass patterns. American Naturalist 122:45-52.
55. _. 1991. Trophic levels and trophic dynamics: a consensus emerging? Trends in Ecology and Evolution 6:5860.
56. Oksanen, L., S. D. Fretwell. J. Arruda, and P. Niemelä. 1981. Exploitation ecosystems in gradients of primary productivity. American Naturalist 118:240-261.
57. Osenberg, C. W., and G. G. Mittelbach. 1996. The relative importance of resource limitation and predator limitation in food chains. Pages 134-148 in G. A. Polis and K. O. Winemiller, editors. Food webs: integration of patterns and dynamics. Chapman and Hall, New York, New York, USA.
58. Pace, M. I-., and E. Funke. 1991. Regulation of planktonic microbial communities by nutrients and herbivores. Ecology 72:904-914.
59. Parker, L. W., P. F. Santos, J. Phillips, and W. G. Whitford. 1984. Carbon and nitrogen dynamics during the decomposition of litter and roots of a Chihuahuan desert annual. Lepidium lasiocarpum. Ecological Monographs 54:339- 360.
60. Parmelee, R. W. 1995. Soil fauna: linking different levels of the ecological hierarchy. Pages 107-116 in C. G. Jones and J. H. Lawton, editors. Linking species and ecosystems. Chapman and Hall, New York, New York, USA.
61. Persson, L., J. Bengtsson, B. A. Menge, and M. E. Power. 1996. Productivity and consumer regulation-concepts. patterns, and mechanisms. Pages 396-434 in G. A. Polis and K. O. Winemiller, editors. Food webs: integration of patterns and dynamics. Chapman and Hall, New York, New York, USA.
62. Persson, L., S. Diehl, L. Johansson, G. Andersson. and S. F. Hamrin. 1992 Trophic interactions in temperate lake ecosystems: a test of food chain theory. American Naturalist 140:59-84.
63. Persson, T., E. Bååth, M. Clarholm, H. Lundqvist, B. E. Söderström, and B. Sohlcnius. 1980. Trophic structure, biomass dynamics and carbon metabolism of soil organisms in a scots pine forest. Ecological Bulletins 32:419-459.
64. Polis, G. A. 1991. Complex trophic interactions in deserts: an empirical critique of food-web theory. American Naturalist 138:123-155.
65. Polis, G. A., and R. D. Holt. 1992. Intraguild predation, the dynamics of complex trophic interactions. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 7:151-154.
66. Power, M. E. 1990. Effects of fish in river food webs. Science 250:811-814.
67. _. 1992. Top-down and bottom-up forces in food webs: do plants have primacy? Ecology 73:733-746.
68. Pugh, G. J. F. 1974. Terrestrial fungi. Pages 303-336 in C. H. Dickinson and G. J. F; Pugh. editors. Biology of plant litter decomposition. Academic Press. London, UK.
69. Santos, P. F, J. Phillips, and W. G. Whitford. 1981. The role of mites and nematodes in early stages of buried litter decomposition in a desert. Ecology 62:664-669.
70. Schacfcr, M. 1995. Interspecific-interactions in the soil community. Acta Zoologica Fennica 196:101-106.
71. Scastedt, T. R. 1984. The role of microarthropods in decomposition and mineralization processes. Annual Review of Entomology 29:25-46.
72. Setälä, H., E. Martikainen, M. Tyynismaa, and V. Huhta. 1990. Effects of soil fauna on leaching of nitrogen and phosphorus from experimental systems simulating coniferous forest floor. Biology and Fertility of Soils 10:170- 177.
73. Sclälä, H., M. Tyynismaa. E. Martikainen, and V. Huhta. 1991. Mincralization of C. N and P in relation to decomposer community structure in coniferous forest soil. Pedobiologia 35:285-296.
74. Spiller, D. A., and T. W. Schoener. 1994. Effects of top and intermediate predators in a terrestrial food web. Ecology 75:182-196.
75. SPSS. 1994. SPSS for Windows. Release 6.1. SPSS, Chicago. Illinois. USA.
76. Sterner, R. W. 1986. Herbivores' direct and indirect effects on algal populations. Science 231:605-607.
77. Strong, D. R. 1992. Are trophic cascades all wet? Differemation and donor-control in speciose ecosystems. Ecology 73:747-754.
78. Tunlid, A., and D. C. White. 1992. Biochemical analysis of biomass. community structure, nutritional status, and metabolic activity of microbial communities in soil. Pages 229-262 in G. Stotzky and J.-M. Bollag, editors Soil biochemistry. Marcel Dckker, New York. New York, USA.
79. Vanni, M. J., and P. C. de Ruiter. 1996. Detritus and nutrients in food webs. Pages 25-29 in G. A. Polis and K. O. Winemillcr. editors. Food webs: integration of patterns and dynamics. Chapman and Hall. New York, New York, USA.
80. Verhoef, H. A. 1996. The role of soil microcosms in the study of ecosystem processes. Ecology 77:685-690.
81. Verhoef, H. A., and L. Brussaard. 1990. Decomposition and nitrogen mineralization in natural and agroecosystcms: the contribution of soil animals. Biogeochemistry 11:175-211
82. Vestal, J. R., and D. C. White. 1989. Lipid analysis in microbial ecology: quantitative approaches to the study of microhial communities. BioScicnce 39:535-541.
83. Wardle, D. A., and G. W. Yeates. 1993. The dual importance of competition and predation as regulatory forces in terrestrial ecosystems: evidence from decomposer food-webs. Oecologia 93:303-306.
84. Wardle, D. A., G. W. Yeates. R. N. Watson, and K. S. Nicholson. 1995. Development of the decomposer food-web, trophic relationships, and ecosystem properties during three-year primary succession in sawdust. Oikos 73:155- 166.
85. Woods, L. E., C. V. Cole. E. T. Elliott, R. V. Anderson, and D. C. Coleman. 1982. Nitrogen transformations in soil as affected by bacterial-microfaunal interactions. Soil Biology and Biochemistry 14:93-98.