메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 209, Issue 3, 1998, Pages 667-674

Effect of age on cerebral blood flow: Measurement with ungated two- dimensional phase-contrast MR angiography in 250 adults

Author keywords

Aging; Brain, blood flow; Cerebral blood vessels, flow dynamics; Cerebral blood vessels, MR; Magnetic resonance (MR), flow studies

Indexed keywords

ADULT; AGE; ARTICLE; BASILAR ARTERY; BRAIN BLOOD FLOW; CONTRAST ENHANCEMENT; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; INTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY; MAGNETIC RESONANCE ANGIOGRAPHY; MALE; NORMAL HUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

EID: 0031677029     PISSN: 00338419     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1148/radiology.209.3.9844657     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (187)

References (59)
  • 1
    • 0021235637 scopus 로고
    • Direct cardiac NMR imaging of the heart wall and blood flow velocity
    • van Dijk P. Direct cardiac NMR imaging of the heart wall and blood flow velocity. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1984; 8:429-436.
    • (1984) J Comput Assist Tomogr , vol.8 , pp. 429-436
    • Van Dijk, P.1
  • 2
    • 0029948192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantitative blood flow measurements with cine phase-contrast MR imaging of subjects at rest and after exercise to assess peripheral vascular disease
    • Pena CS, McCauley TR, Price TB, Sumpio B, Gusberg RJ, Gore JC. Quantitative blood flow measurements with cine phase-contrast MR imaging of subjects at rest and after exercise to assess peripheral vascular disease. AJR 1996; 167:153-157.
    • (1996) AJR , vol.167 , pp. 153-157
    • Pena, C.S.1    McCauley, T.R.2    Price, T.B.3    Sumpio, B.4    Gusberg, R.J.5    Gore, J.C.6
  • 4
    • 0025744307 scopus 로고
    • Right and left lung perfusion: In vitro and in vivo validation with oblique-angle, velocity-encoded cine MR Imaging
    • Caputo GR, Kondo C, Masui T, et al. Right and left lung perfusion: in vitro and in vivo validation with oblique-angle, velocity-encoded cine MR Imaging. Radiology 1991; 180:693-698.
    • (1991) Radiology , vol.180 , pp. 693-698
    • Caputo, G.R.1    Kondo, C.2    Masui, T.3
  • 5
    • 0025882906 scopus 로고
    • Right and left ventricular stroke volume measurements with velocity-encoded cine MR imaging: In vitro and in vivo validation
    • Kondo C, Caputo GR, Semelka R, Foster E, Shimakawa A, Higgins CB. Right and left ventricular stroke volume measurements with velocity-encoded cine MR imaging: in vitro and in vivo validation. AJR 1991; 157:9-16.
    • (1991) AJR , vol.157 , pp. 9-16
    • Kondo, C.1    Caputo, G.R.2    Semelka, R.3    Foster, E.4    Shimakawa, A.5    Higgins, C.B.6
  • 6
    • 0027497819 scopus 로고
    • Magnetic resonance imaging of blood flow with a phase subtraction technique: In vitro and in vivo validation
    • Evans AJ, Iwai F, Grist TA, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of blood flow with a phase subtraction technique: in vitro and in vivo validation. Invest Radiol 1993; 28:109-115.
    • (1993) Invest Radiol , vol.28 , pp. 109-115
    • Evans, A.J.1    Iwai, F.2    Grist, T.A.3
  • 7
    • 0028390324 scopus 로고
    • Blood flow measurements in the aorta and major arteries with MR velocity mapping
    • Bogren HG, Buonocore MH. Blood flow measurements in the aorta and major arteries with MR velocity mapping. JMRI 1994; 4:119-130.
    • (1994) JMRI , vol.4 , pp. 119-130
    • Bogren, H.G.1    Buonocore, M.H.2
  • 8
    • 0030893638 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renal artery stenosis: Grading of hemodynamic changes with cine phase-contrast MR blood flow measurements
    • Schoenberg SO, Knopp MV, Bock M, et al. Renal artery stenosis: grading of hemodynamic changes with cine phase-contrast MR blood flow measurements. Radiology 1997; 203:45-53.
    • (1997) Radiology , vol.203 , pp. 45-53
    • Schoenberg, S.O.1    Knopp, M.V.2    Bock, M.3
  • 9
    • 0026512065 scopus 로고
    • Determination of cerebral blood flow with a phase-contrast cine MR imaging technique: Evaluation of normal subjects and patients with arteriovenous malformations
    • Marks MP, Pelc NJ, Ross MR, Enzmann DR. Determination of cerebral blood flow with a phase-contrast cine MR imaging technique: evaluation of normal subjects and patients with arteriovenous malformations. Radiology 1992; 182:467-476.
    • (1992) Radiology , vol.182 , pp. 467-476
    • Marks, M.P.1    Pelc, N.J.2    Ross, M.R.3    Enzmann, D.R.4
  • 10
    • 0027633176 scopus 로고
    • Correlation of cine MR velocity measurements in the internal carotid artery with collateral flow in the circle of Willis: Preliminary study
    • Davis WL, Turski PA, Gorbatenko KG, Weber D. Correlation of cine MR velocity measurements in the internal carotid artery with collateral flow in the circle of Willis: preliminary study. JMRI 1993; 3:603-609.
    • (1993) JMRI , vol.3 , pp. 603-609
    • Davis, W.L.1    Turski, P.A.2    Gorbatenko, K.G.3    Weber, D.4
  • 11
    • 0028247990 scopus 로고
    • Carotid and vertebral artery blood flow in left- And right-handed healthy subjects measured with MR velocity mapping
    • Bogren HG, Buonocore MH, Gu WZ. Carotid and vertebral artery blood flow in left-and right-handed healthy subjects measured with MR velocity mapping. JMRI 1994; 4:37-42.
    • (1994) JMRI , vol.4 , pp. 37-42
    • Bogren, H.G.1    Buonocore, M.H.2    Gu, W.Z.3
  • 12
    • 0028069504 scopus 로고
    • Blood flow in major cerebral arteries measured by phase-contrast cine MR
    • Enzmann DR, Ross MR, Marks MP, Pelc NJ. Blood flow in major cerebral arteries measured by phase-contrast cine MR. AJNR 1994; 15:123-129.
    • (1994) AJNR , vol.15 , pp. 123-129
    • Enzmann, D.R.1    Ross, M.R.2    Marks, M.P.3    Pelc, N.J.4
  • 13
    • 0028013307 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of magnetic resonance volume flow rates, angiography, and carotid Dopplers: Preliminary results
    • Levine RL, Turski PA, Holmes KA, Grist TM. Comparison of magnetic resonance volume flow rates, angiography, and carotid Dopplers: preliminary results. Stroke 1994; 25:413-417.
    • (1994) Stroke , vol.25 , pp. 413-417
    • Levine, R.L.1    Turski, P.A.2    Holmes, K.A.3    Grist, T.M.4
  • 14
    • 0028852729 scopus 로고
    • Carotid artery stenosis: Clinical efficacy of MR phase-contrast flow quantification as an adjunct to MR angiography
    • Vanninen RL, Manninen HI, Partanen PL, Vainio PA, Soimakallio S. Carotid artery stenosis: clinical efficacy of MR phase-contrast flow quantification as an adjunct to MR angiography. Radiology 1995; 194: 459-467.
    • (1995) Radiology , vol.194 , pp. 459-467
    • Vanninen, R.L.1    Manninen, H.I.2    Partanen, P.L.3    Vainio, P.A.4    Soimakallio, S.5
  • 15
    • 0028902406 scopus 로고
    • Measurement of cerebral blood flow with two-dimensional cine phase-contrast MR imaging: Evaluation of normal subjects and patients with vertigo
    • Kashimada A, Machida K, Honda N, et al. Measurement of cerebral blood flow with two-dimensional cine phase-contrast MR imaging: evaluation of normal subjects and patients with vertigo. Radiat Med 1995; 13:95-102.
    • (1995) Radiat Med , vol.13 , pp. 95-102
    • Kashimada, A.1    Machida, K.2    Honda, N.3
  • 16
    • 0030138360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MR flow quantification using RACE: Clinical application to the carotid arteries
    • Moeller HE, Klocke HK, Bongartz GM, Peters PE. MR flow quantification using RACE: clinical application to the carotid arteries. JMRI 1996; 6:503-512.
    • (1996) JMRI , vol.6 , pp. 503-512
    • Moeller, H.E.1    Klocke, H.K.2    Bongartz, G.M.3    Peters, P.E.4
  • 17
    • 0025388812 scopus 로고
    • The measurement of time-averaged flow by magnetic resonance imaging using continuous acquisition in the carotid arteries and its comparison with Doppler ultrasound
    • Tarnawski M, Padayachee S, West DJ, et al. The measurement of time-averaged flow by magnetic resonance imaging using continuous acquisition in the carotid arteries and its comparison with Doppler ultrasound. Clin Phys Physiol Meas 1990; 11: 27-36.
    • (1990) Clin Phys Physiol Meas , vol.11 , pp. 27-36
    • Tarnawski, M.1    Padayachee, S.2    West, D.J.3
  • 18
    • 0027661753 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of cerebral artery blood flow measurements with gated cine and ungated phase-contrast techniques
    • Enzmann DR, Marks MP, Pelc NJ. Comparison of cerebral artery blood flow measurements with gated cine and ungated phase-contrast techniques. JMRI 1993; 3:705-712.
    • (1993) JMRI , vol.3 , pp. 705-712
    • Enzmann, D.R.1    Marks, M.P.2    Pelc, N.J.3
  • 19
    • 0028840250 scopus 로고
    • Accuracy and precision of time-averaged flow as measured by nontriggered 2D phase-contrast MR angiography, a phantom evaluation
    • Bakker CJG, Kouwenhoven M, Hartkamp MJ, Hoogeveen RM, Mali WPTM. Accuracy and precision of time-averaged flow as measured by nontriggered 2D phase-contrast MR angiography, a phantom evaluation. Magn Reson Imaging 1995; 13:959-965.
    • (1995) Magn Reson Imaging , vol.13 , pp. 959-965
    • Bakker, C.J.G.1    Kouwenhoven, M.2    Hartkamp, M.J.3    Hoogeveen, R.M.4    Mali, W.P.T.M.5
  • 20
    • 0029964887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring blood flow by nontriggered 2D phase-contrast MR angiography
    • Bakker CJG, Hartkamp MJ, Mali WPTM. Measuring blood flow by nontriggered 2D phase-contrast MR angiography. Magn Reson Imaging 1996; 14:609-614.
    • (1996) Magn Reson Imaging , vol.14 , pp. 609-614
    • Bakker, C.J.G.1    Hartkamp, M.J.2    Mali, W.P.T.M.3
  • 21
    • 84939682609 scopus 로고
    • The nitrous oxide method for the quantitative determination of cerebral blood flow in man: Theory, procedure and normal values
    • Kety SS, Schmidt CF. The nitrous oxide method for the quantitative determination of cerebral blood flow in man: theory, procedure and normal values. J Clin Invest 1948; 27:476-483.
    • (1948) J Clin Invest , vol.27 , pp. 476-483
    • Kety, S.S.1    Schmidt, C.F.2
  • 22
    • 0000534209 scopus 로고
    • Human cerebral blood flow and oxygen consumption as related to aging
    • Kety SS. Human cerebral blood flow and oxygen consumption as related to aging. J Chronic Dis 1956; 3:478-486.
    • (1956) J Chronic Dis , vol.3 , pp. 478-486
    • Kety, S.S.1
  • 24
    • 3743133426 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral hemodynamics and metabolism in subjects over 90 years of age
    • Fazekas JF, Kleh J, Witkin L. Cerebral hemodynamics and metabolism in subjects over 90 years of age. J Am Geriatr Soc 1953; 1:836.
    • (1953) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.1 , pp. 836
    • Fazekas, J.F.1    Kleh, J.2    Witkin, L.3
  • 25
    • 0343346135 scopus 로고
    • The effects of aging, arteriosclerosis, and hypertension upon the cerebral circulation
    • Shenkin HA, Novak P, Goluboff B, Soffe AM, Bortin L. The effects of aging, arteriosclerosis, and hypertension upon the cerebral circulation. J Clin Invest 1953; 32: 459-465.
    • (1953) J Clin Invest , vol.32 , pp. 459-465
    • Shenkin, H.A.1    Novak, P.2    Goluboff, B.3    Soffe, A.M.4    Bortin, L.5
  • 26
    • 0001048783 scopus 로고
    • The influence of age, anesthesia and cerebral arteriosclerosis on cerebral vascular activity to carbon dioxide
    • Schieve JF, Wilson WP. The influence of age, anesthesia and cerebral arteriosclerosis on cerebral vascular activity to carbon dioxide. Am J Med 1953; 15:171-174.
    • (1953) Am J Med , vol.15 , pp. 171-174
    • Schieve, J.F.1    Wilson, W.P.2
  • 27
    • 0000202606 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral blood flow and oxygen consumption in hyperthyroidism before and after treatment
    • Sokoloff L, Wechsler RL, Mangold R, Balls K, Kety SS. Cerebral blood flow and oxygen consumption in hyperthyroidism before and after treatment. J Clin Invest 1953; 32:202-208.
    • (1953) J Clin Invest , vol.32 , pp. 202-208
    • Sokoloff, L.1    Wechsler, R.L.2    Mangold, R.3    Balls, K.4    Kety, S.S.5
  • 29
    • 0004686547 scopus 로고
    • Influence of age and vascular disease on cerebral hemodynamics and metabolism
    • Fazekas JF, Kleh J, Finnerty FA. Influence of age and vascular disease on cerebral hemodynamics and metabolism. Am J Med 1955; 18:477-485.
    • (1955) Am J Med , vol.18 , pp. 477-485
    • Fazekas, J.F.1    Kleh, J.2    Finnerty, F.A.3
  • 30
    • 0017885443 scopus 로고
    • 133Xenon inhalation. I. Description of method and normal values obtained in healthy volunteers
    • 133Xenon inhalation. I. Description of method and normal values obtained in healthy volunteers. Stroke 1978; 9:195-205.
    • (1978) Stroke , vol.9 , pp. 195-205
    • Meyer, J.S.1    Ishihara, N.2    Deshmukh, V.D.3
  • 31
    • 0018903323 scopus 로고
    • Reduction in regional cerebral blood flow during normal aging in man
    • Melamed E, Lavy S, Bentin S, Cooper G, Rinot Y. Reduction in regional cerebral blood flow during normal aging in man. Stroke 1980; 11:31-35.
    • (1980) Stroke , vol.11 , pp. 31-35
    • Melamed, E.1    Lavy, S.2    Bentin, S.3    Cooper, G.4    Rinot, Y.5
  • 32
    • 0021326621 scopus 로고
    • Age-matched normal values and topographic maps for regional cerebral blood flow measurements by Xe-133 inhalation
    • Matsuda H, Maeda T, Yamada M, Gui LX, Tonami N, Hisada K. Age-matched normal values and topographic maps for regional cerebral blood flow measurements by Xe-133 inhalation. Stroke 1984; 15:336-342.
    • (1984) Stroke , vol.15 , pp. 336-342
    • Matsuda, H.1    Maeda, T.2    Yamada, M.3    Gui, L.X.4    Tonami, N.5    Hisada, K.6
  • 33
    • 0023251311 scopus 로고
    • Effect of acetazolamide on cerebral blood flow in subacute and chronic cerebrovascular disease
    • Hojer-Pedersen E. Effect of acetazolamide on cerebral blood flow in subacute and chronic cerebrovascular disease. Stroke 1987; 18:887-891.
    • (1987) Stroke , vol.18 , pp. 887-891
    • Hojer-Pedersen, E.1
  • 34
    • 0023813073 scopus 로고
    • White matter signal abnormalities in normal individuals: Correlation with carotid ultrasound, cerebral blood flow measurements, and cerebrovascular risk factors
    • Fazekas JF, Niederhorn K, Schmidt R, et al. White matter signal abnormalities in normal individuals: correlation with carotid ultrasound, cerebral blood flow measurements, and cerebrovascular risk factors. Stroke 1988; 19:1285-1288.
    • (1988) Stroke , vol.19 , pp. 1285-1288
    • Fazekas, J.F.1    Niederhorn, K.2    Schmidt, R.3
  • 35
    • 0024670484 scopus 로고
    • Regional cerebral blood flow characteristics and variations with age in resting normal subjects
    • Hagstadius S, Risberg J. Regional cerebral blood flow characteristics and variations with age in resting normal subjects. Brain Cogn 1989; 10:28-43.
    • (1989) Brain Cogn , vol.10 , pp. 28-43
    • Hagstadius, S.1    Risberg, J.2
  • 37
    • 0024588127 scopus 로고
    • Effect of acetazolamide on cerebral artery blood velocity and regional cerebral blood flow in normal subjects
    • Sorteberg W, Lindegaard KF, Rootwelt K, et al. Effect of acetazolamide on cerebral artery blood velocity and regional cerebral blood flow in normal subjects. Acta Neurochir 1989; 97:139-145.
    • (1989) Acta Neurochir , vol.97 , pp. 139-145
    • Sorteberg, W.1    Lindegaard, K.F.2    Rootwelt, K.3
  • 38
    • 0027965985 scopus 로고
    • Normal values of cerebrovascular reserve capacity after stimulation with acetazolamide measured by xenon-133 single-photon emission CT
    • Leinsinger G, Piepgras A, Einhaupl K, Schmiedek P, Kirsch CM. Normal values of cerebrovascular reserve capacity after stimulation with acetazolamide measured by xenon-133 single-photon emission CT. AJNR 1994; 15:1327-1332.
    • (1994) AJNR , vol.15 , pp. 1327-1332
    • Leinsinger, G.1    Piepgras, A.2    Einhaupl, K.3    Schmiedek, P.4    Kirsch, C.M.5
  • 39
    • 0019519081 scopus 로고
    • Mapping local blood flow of human brain by CT scanning during stable xenon inhalation
    • Meyer JS, Hayman LA, Amano T, et al. Mapping local blood flow of human brain by CT scanning during stable xenon inhalation. Stroke 1981; 12:426-436.
    • (1981) Stroke , vol.12 , pp. 426-436
    • Meyer, J.S.1    Hayman, L.A.2    Amano, T.3
  • 40
    • 0021186395 scopus 로고
    • Changing topographic patterns of human cerebral blood flow with age measured by xenon CT
    • Tachibana H, Meyer JS, Okayasu H, Kandula P. Changing topographic patterns of human cerebral blood flow with age measured by xenon CT. AJNR 1984; 5:139-146.
    • (1984) AJNR , vol.5 , pp. 139-146
    • Tachibana, H.1    Meyer, J.S.2    Okayasu, H.3    Kandula, P.4
  • 41
    • 0024270523 scopus 로고
    • LCBF values decline while L lambda values increase during normal human aging measured by stable xenon-enhanced computed tomography
    • Imai A, Meyer JS, Kobari M, Ichijo M, Shinohara T, Oravez WT. LCBF values decline while L lambda values increase during normal human aging measured by stable xenon-enhanced computed tomography. Neuroradiology 1988; 30:463-472.
    • (1988) Neuroradiology , vol.30 , pp. 463-472
    • Imai, A.1    Meyer, J.S.2    Kobari, M.3    Ichijo, M.4    Shinohara, T.5    Oravez, W.T.6
  • 43
    • 0022881544 scopus 로고
    • Reduction in regional cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen during human aging
    • Yamaguchi T, Kanno I, Uemura K, et al. Reduction in regional cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen during human aging. Stroke 1986; 17:1220-1228.
    • (1986) Stroke , vol.17 , pp. 1220-1228
    • Yamaguchi, T.1    Kanno, I.2    Uemura, K.3
  • 44
    • 0025056547 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral blood flow, blood volume and oxygen utilization
    • Leenders KL, Perani D, Lammertsma AA, et al. Cerebral blood flow, blood volume and oxygen utilization. Brain 1990; 113: 27-47.
    • (1990) Brain , vol.113 , pp. 27-47
    • Leenders, K.L.1    Perani, D.2    Lammertsma, A.A.3
  • 45
    • 0025352621 scopus 로고
    • Stability of cerebral blood flow and oxygen metabolism during normal aging
    • Itoh M, Hatazawa J, Miyazawa H, et al. Stability of cerebral blood flow and oxygen metabolism during normal aging. Gerontology 1990; 36:43-48.
    • (1990) Gerontology , vol.36 , pp. 43-48
    • Itoh, M.1    Hatazawa, J.2    Miyazawa, H.3
  • 46
    • 0023840216 scopus 로고
    • Quantitative flow measurement in phase contrast MR angiography
    • Walker MF, Souza SP, Dumoulin CL. Quantitative flow measurement in phase contrast MR angiography. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1988; 12:304-313.
    • (1988) J Comput Assist Tomogr , vol.12 , pp. 304-313
    • Walker, M.F.1    Souza, S.P.2    Dumoulin, C.L.3
  • 47
    • 0026488274 scopus 로고
    • Arterial and venous blood flow: Noninvasive quantitation with MR imaging
    • Pelc LR, Pelc NJ, Rayhill SC, et al. Arterial and venous blood flow: noninvasive quantitation with MR imaging. Radiology 1992; 185:809-812.
    • (1992) Radiology , vol.185 , pp. 809-812
    • Pelc, L.R.1    Pelc, N.J.2    Rayhill, S.C.3
  • 48
    • 0011172866 scopus 로고
    • MR measurement of portal blood flow in chronic liver disease: Application to predicting clinical outcome
    • Berkeley, Calif: Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
    • Rubin DL, Herfkens RJ, Pelc NJ, Jeffrey RB Jr. MR measurement of portal blood flow in chronic liver disease: application to predicting clinical outcome (abstr). In: Book of abstracts: Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 1990. Berkeley, Calif: Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine, 1990; 90.
    • (1990) Book of Abstracts: Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine 1990. , pp. 90
    • Rubin, D.L.1    Herfkens, R.J.2    Pelc, N.J.3    Jeffrey Jr., R.B.4
  • 49
    • 0025330771 scopus 로고
    • Rapid MR imaging of blood flow with a phase-sensitive, limited-flip-angle, gradient-recalled pulse sequence: Preliminary experience
    • Spritzer CE, Pelc NJ, Lee JN, Evans AJ, Sostman HD, Riederer SJ. Rapid MR imaging of blood flow with a phase-sensitive, limited-flip-angle, gradient-recalled pulse sequence: preliminary experience. Radiology 1990; 176:255-262.
    • (1990) Radiology , vol.176 , pp. 255-262
    • Spritzer, C.E.1    Pelc, N.J.2    Lee, J.N.3    Evans, A.J.4    Sostman, H.D.5    Riederer, S.J.6
  • 50
    • 84981838540 scopus 로고
    • Norms for some structural changes in the human cerebellum from birth to old age
    • Ellis RS. Norms for some structural changes in the human cerebellum from birth to old age. J Comp Neurol 1920; 32:1-34.
    • (1920) J Comp Neurol , vol.32 , pp. 1-34
    • Ellis, R.S.1
  • 51
    • 0019125602 scopus 로고
    • Analysis of brain weight. I. Adult brain weight in relation to sex, race, and age
    • Ho KC, Roessmann U, Straumfjord JV, Monroe G. Analysis of brain weight. I. Adult brain weight in relation to sex, race, and age. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1980; 104: 635-639.
    • (1980) Arch Pathol Lab Med , vol.104 , pp. 635-639
    • Ho, K.C.1    Roessmann, U.2    Straumfjord, J.V.3    Monroe, G.4
  • 52
    • 0019223192 scopus 로고
    • Variation with age in the volumes of gray and white matter in the cerebral hemispheres of man: Measurement with an image analyzer
    • Miller AKH, Alston RL, Corsellis JAN. Variation with age in the volumes of gray and white matter in the cerebral hemispheres of man: measurement with an image analyzer. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 1980; 6:119-132.
    • (1980) Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol , vol.6 , pp. 119-132
    • Miller, A.K.H.1    Alston, R.L.2    Corsellis, J.A.N.3
  • 53
    • 2642602813 scopus 로고
    • Normal extracranial and intracranial volume flow rates with cine phase contrast MR angiography
    • Buswell HR, Davis WL. Normal extracranial and intracranial volume flow rates with cine phase contrast MR angiography (abstr). Radiology 1993; 189(P):397.
    • (1993) Radiology , vol.189 , Issue.P , pp. 397
    • Buswell, H.R.1    Davis, W.L.2
  • 54
    • 3743056371 scopus 로고
    • Cerebral blood flow and reactivity in stroke-age normal controls
    • Davis SM, Ackerman RH, Correia JA. Cerebral blood flow and reactivity in stroke-age normal controls. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 1981; 1(suppl 1):S547-S548.
    • (1981) J Cereb Blood Flow Metab , vol.1 , Issue.1 SUPPL.
    • Davis, S.M.1    Ackerman, R.H.2    Correia, J.A.3
  • 57
    • 0018829357 scopus 로고
    • Observations on the functional significance of regional cerebral blood flow in "resting" normal subjects
    • Prohovnik I, Risberg J, Hakansson K. Observations on the functional significance of regional cerebral blood flow in "resting" normal subjects. Neuropsychologia 1980; 18:203-217.
    • (1980) Neuropsychologia , vol.18 , pp. 203-217
    • Prohovnik, I.1    Risberg, J.2    Hakansson, K.3
  • 59
    • 0027564412 scopus 로고
    • Accuracy of phase-contrast flow measurements in the presence of partial-volume effects
    • Tang C, Blatter DD, Parker DL. Accuracy of phase-contrast flow measurements in the presence of partial-volume effects. JMRI 1993; 3:377-385.
    • (1993) JMRI , vol.3 , pp. 377-385
    • Tang, C.1    Blatter, D.D.2    Parker, D.L.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.