Physiologic models for comparison of inhalation dose between laboratory and field-generated atmospheres of a dry powder fire suppressant

Inhalation Toxicology

Volumn 10, Issue 10, 1998, Pages 905-922

  Kimmel, Edgar C ^a,c   Carpenter, Robert L ^b   Smith, Eldon A ^a   Reboulet, James E ^a   Black, Bruce H ^a  

^a SCIENCE APPLICATIONS INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION   (United States)

^b NAVAL MEDICAL RESEARCH CENTER   (United States)

^c WRIGHT PATTERSON AIR FORCE BASE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0031664903     PISSN: 08958378     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/089583798197358     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. Alstrup, P., Kjeldsen, K., and Wanstrup, J. 1970. Effects of carbon monoxide exposure on arterial walls. Ann NY Acad. Sci. 174:294-300.
2. Andersen, M. E., Clewell, H. J., Gargas, M. L., MacNaughton, M. C., Reitz, R. H., Nolan, R. J., and McKenna, M. J. 1991. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling with dichloromethane, its metabolite, carbon monoxide, and blood carboxyhemoglobin in rats and humans. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 108:14-27.
3. Benignus, V. A., and Annau, Z. 1994. Carboxyhemoglobin formation due to carbon monoxide exposure in rats. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 128:151-157.
4. Black, B. H., Smith, W. D., Sheinson, R. S., and Mitchell, C. 1995. Intermediate scale testing of solid aerosol fire extinguishants. Proc. 1995 International CFC and Halon Alternatives Conference and Exhibition, October 15-18, Washington, DC, pp. 616-625. Washington, DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
5. Carpenter, R. L., and Kimmel, E. C. 1998. Use of an aerosol deposition model to compare inhalation toxicity risk between laboratory and field aerosol exposures. Toxicol. Sci. 42(S):252 (abstr).
6. Coburn, R. F., Forster, R. E., and Kane, P. B. 1965. Considerations of the physiological variables that determine the blood carboxyhemoglobin concentration in man. J. Clin. Invest. 66:1899-1910.
7. Costa, D. L., Tepper, J. S., and Raub, J. A. 1992. Interpretations and limitations of pulmonary function testing in small laboratory animals. In Treatise on pulmonary toxicology: Comparative biology of the normal lung., Vol. 1, ed. R. A. Parent, pp. 367-399. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press.
8. Graham, R. C., Menache, M. G., and Overton, J. H. 1996. Models of the tracheobronchial airways of the dog lung. Inhal. Toxicol. 8:121-142.
9. Kimmel, E. C., Smith, E. A., Prues, S., Zepp, K., English, J. H., and Carpenter, R. L. 1996. Pulmonary edemagenesis in F-344 rats exposed to SFE (formulation A) atmospheres. Halon Options Technical Working Conference Proc. May 11-13, Albuquerque, NM, pp. 129-142. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico, New Mexico Engineering Research Institute, Center for Global Environmental Technologies.
10. Kimmel, E. C., Smith, E. A., Reboulet, J. E., Still, K. R., and Carpenter, R. L. 1997a. The Physicochemical Properties of SFE Fire Suppressant Atmospheres in Toxicity vs. Fire Extinguishment Tests: Implications for Aerosol Deposition and Toxicity. NMRI/TD Technical Report, NMRI-97-38, pp. 1-48. Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH: Naval Medical Research Institute Detachment (Toxicology).
11. Kimmel, E. C., Yerkes, K. L., and Carpenter, R. L. 1997b. Performance, fluid mechanics, and design of a small-animal, whole-body inhalation exposure chamber. Inhal. Toxicol. 9:287-315.
12. Kimmel, E. C., Smith, E. A., and Carpenter, R. L. 1998. A physiologic model for predicting carboxyhemoglobin formation in F-344 rats. Toxicol. Sci. 42(S):253 (abstr.).
13. Lipsett, M. J., Shusterman, D. J., and Beard, R. R. 1994. Inorganic compounds of carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen. In Patty's industrial hygiene and toxicology, 4th ed., Vol. 2, Part F, eds. G. D. Clayton and F. E. Clayton, pp. 4523-4552. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
14. Menache, M. G., Raabe, O. G., and Miller, F. J. 1996. An empirical dosimetry model of aerodynamic particle deposition in the rat respiratory tract. Inhal. Toxicol. 8:539-576.
15. Penny, D. G. 1988. Hemodynamic response to carbon monoxide. Environ. Health Perspect. 77:121-130.
16. Peterson, J. E., and Stewart, R. D. 1975. Predicting Carboxyhemoglobin levels resulting from carbon monoxide exposures. J. Appl. Physiol. 39:633-638.
17. Raabe, O. G., Yeh, H.-C., Newton, G. J., Phalen, R. F., and Velasquez, D. J. 1977. Deposition of inhaled monodisperse aerosols in small rodents. In Inhaled particles, ed. W. H. Walton, pp. 3-21. New York: Pergamon Press.
18. Rabbe, O. G., Al-Bayati, M. A., Teague, S. V., and Rasolt, A. 1988. Regional deposition of inhaled monodisperse coarse and fine aerosol particles in small laboratory animals. Ann. Occup. Hyg. 32(S1):53-63.
19. Saunders, D. C., and Endecott, B. R. 1991. The effect of elevated temperature on carbon monoxide-induced incapacitation. J. Fire Sci. 9:297-310.
20. Saunders, D. C., Endecott, B. R., Ritter, R. M., and Chaturvedi, A. K. 1993. Variations of Time-to-Incapacitation and Carboxyhemoglobin Values in Rats Exposed to Two Carbon Monoxide Concentrations. Department of Transportation Technical Report, DOT/FAA/AM-93/7, PP. 1-11, A1-A5. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, Office of Aviation Medicine.
21. Schum, G. M., and Yeh, H.-C. 1980. Theoretical evaluation of aerosol deposition in anatomical models of mammalian lung airways. Bull. Math. Biol. 42:1-15.
22. Sheinson, R. S., Eaton, H. G., Zalosh, R. G., Black, B. H., Brown, R., Burchell, N., Salmon, G., and Smith, W. D. 1993a. Fire extinguishment by fine aerosol generation. Proc. CFC and Halon Alternatives Conf., October 20-23, Washington, DC, pp. 1-10. Washington, DC: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
23. 3) compartment. Halon Options Technical Working Conference Proc., May 11-13, Albuquerque, NM, pp. 137-148. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Engineering Research Institute, Center for Global Environmental Technologies.
24. Silbaugh, S. A., and Horvath, S. M. 1982. Effect of acute carbon monoxide exposure on cardiopulmonary function in the awake rat. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 66:376-382.
25. Smith, E. A., Kimmel, E. C., Bowen, L. E., Reboulet, J. E., and Carpenter, R. L. 1997a. Preliminary assessment of a pyrotechnically generated aerosol fire suppressant. Inhal. Toxicol. 9:449-463.
26. Smith, E. A., Kimmel, E. L., English, J. H., Bowen, L. E., Reboulet, J. E., and Carpenter, R. L. 1997b. Evaluation of the respiratory tract after acute exposure to a pyrotechnically generated aerosol fire suppressant. J. Appl. Toxicol. 17(2):95-103.
27. Summer, W. R. 1990. Adult respiratory distress syndrome. In Respiratory injury: Smoke inhalation and burns, eds. E. F. Haponik and A. M. Munster, pp. 73-113. New York: McGraw-Hill.
28. Tepper, J. S., Wiester, M. J., King, M. E., Weber, M. F., and Costa, D. L. 1988. Use of carbon dioxide challenge to detect toxicant-induced changes in cardiopulmonary function of awake rats. Inhal. Toxicol. 1:79-95.
29. Tyuma, I., Ueda, Y., Imaizumi, K., and Kosaka, H. 1981. Prediction of carboxyhemoglobin levels during and after carbon monoxide exposures in various animal species. Jpn. J. Physiol. 31:131-143.
30. Wojciak, J. F. 1988. Theoretical and Experimental Analyses of Aerosol Deposition in the Lung: Implications for Human Health Effects. Doctoral dissertation, Departments of Chemical Engineering, Pediatrics, an Biophysics, Environmental Health Sciences Center, University of Rochester Rochester, NY.
31. World Health Organization. 1979. Environmental health criteria 13: Carbon monoxide, pp. 1-125. United Nations Environment Programme and the World Health Organization. Geneva: Office of Publications, World Health Organization.
32. Yeh, H.-C. 1980. Respiratory Tract Deposition Models. Lovelace Toxicology Research Institute, Lovelace Biomedical & Environmental Research Institute Technical Report. LC-72, UC-48. Albuquerque: Lovelace Toxicology Research Institute, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, and U.S. Department of Energy.
33. Yeh, H.-C., and Schum, G. M. 1980. Models of human lung airways and their application to inhaled particle deposition. Bull Math. Biol. 42:461-480.