Effects of osteochondral fragmentation and intra-articular triamcinolone acetonide treatment on subchondral bone in the equine carpus

Equine Veterinary Journal

Volumn 30, Issue 1, 1998, Pages 66-71

  Kawcak, C E ^a   Norrdin, R W ^a   Frisbie, D D ^a   Trotter, G W ^a   Mcilwraith, C W ^a  

^a Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences   (United States)

Author keywords

Bone formation; Exercise; Horse; Microdamage; Osteochondral fragmentation; Triamcinolone acetonide

Indexed keywords

EQUIDAE; EQUUS CABALLUS;

ANTIINFLAMMATORY AGENT; TRIAMCINOLONE ACETONIDE;

ANIMAL; ANIMAL DISEASE; ANIMAL LAMENESS; ARTICLE; BONE DEVELOPMENT; BONE REMODELING; CARPAL BONE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DRUG EFFECT; EXERCISE TEST; FORELIMB; FRACTURE; HORSE; INJURY; INTRAARTICULAR DRUG ADMINISTRATION; METHODOLOGY; PATHOLOGY; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PHYSIOLOGY; VASCULARIZATION;

ANIMALS; ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS; BONE DEVELOPMENT; BONE REMODELING; CARPAL BONES; CARPUS, ANIMAL; EXERCISE TEST; FRACTURES, BONE; HORSES; INJECTIONS, INTRA-ARTICULAR; LAMENESS, ANIMAL; TRIAMCINOLONE ACETONIDE;

EID: 0031605771     PISSN: 04251644     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1998.tb04090.x     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Aalto, K and Slatis, P. (1984) Blood flow in rabbit osteotomies studied with radioactive microspheres. Acta. Orthop. Scand. 55, 637-639.
2. Bogoch, E., Gshwend, R, Rahn, B , Moran, E. and Perren, S (1993) Healing of cancellous bone osteotomy in rabbits- Part I: Regulation of bone volume and the regional acceleratory phenomenon in normal bone. J. Orthop. Res 11, 285-291.
3. Rronk, J.T., Meadows, T.H. and Kelley, P.J. (1993) The relationship of increased capillary filtration and bone formation. Clin. Orthop. Rel. Res. 293, 338-345.
4. Burckhardt, P. (1984) Corticosteroids and bone: A review. Horm. Res. 20, 59-64.
5. Burr, D. (1993) Remodeling and the repair of fatigue damage. Cal. Tissue. Int. 53 Suppl. l, S75-S81.
6. Burr, D. and Radin, E. (1990) Trauma as a factor in the initiation of osteoarthritis. In: Cartilage Changes in Osteoarihritis. Ed: K.D. Brandt. Indiana School of Medicine, Indianapolis, pp 73-80.
7. Burr, D and Stafford, T. (1990) Validity of the bulk-staining technique to separate artifactual from in vivo bone microdamage Clin Orthop. Rel. Res. 260, 305-308.
8. Chunekamrai, S , Krook, L.P., Lust, G. and Maylin, G. (1989) Changes in articular cartilage after intra-articular injections of methyrprednisolone acetate in horses. Am. J. vet. Res. 50, 1733-1741.
9. Clark, J.M. (1990) The structure of vascular channels in the subchondral plate. J. Anat 171, 105-115.
10. DeHaan, C., O'Brien, T. and Koblick, P. (1987) A radiographic investigation of third carpal bone injury in 42 racing thoroughbreds. Vet. Rad. 28, 88-92.
11. Dekel, S., Lenthall, G. and Francis, M.J.O (1981) Release of prostaglandins from bone and muscle after tibial fracture. J Bone Joint Surg. [Br] 63, 185-189
12. Donahue, J.M., Buss, D., Oegema, T.R and Thompson, R.C. (1983) The effects of indirect blunt trauma on adult canine articular cartilage J. Bone Joint Surg. 65A, 948-957.
13. Frisbie, D.D , Kawcak, C.E, McIlwraith, C.W., Trotter, G.W. and Powers, B E (1995) Effects of triamcmolone acetonide in an equine in vivo osteochondral fracture model. Vet Surg. 24, 426.
14. Poland, J.W., Mcllwraith, C.W., Trotter. G.W., Powers, B.E. and Lamar, C.H. (1994) Effect of betamethasone and exercise on equine carpal joints with osteochondral fragments. Vet. Surg. 23, 369-376.
15. Frost, H.M (1983a) Bone histomorphometry: Choice of marking agent and labeling schedule. In: Bone Histomorphometry. Techniques and Interpretation. Ed: R.R. Recker. CRC Press. Boca Raton, pp 37-52.
16. Frost, H M. (1983b) The regional acceleratory phenomenon: a review. Henry Ford Hasp. Med. J 31, 3-9.
17. Frost, H M. (1991) Some ABC's of skeletal pathophysiology 7. Tissue mechanisms controlling bone mass. Calc. Tissue Int. 49, 303-304.
18. Gross, T.S., Bray, R.C., Doschak, M R., Wohl, G.R. and Zernicke, R.F. (1995) Trauma induced joint instability elevates subchondral bone blood flow while degrading bone mechanical properties. Trans, orth. Res. Soc. 41, 795.
19. Grynpas, M, Alperrt B., Kaiz, I., Lieberman, I and Pritzker, KP.H. (1991) Subchondral bone in osteoarthritis. Calc. Tissue Int. 49, 20-26.
20. Houdeshell, J.W (1970) The effect of corticosteroid combination on blood in synovial fluid of horses Vet. med., Small anim. clin. 65, 963-966.
21. Kelley, P.J., Montgomery, R I. and Bronk, J.T. (1990) Reaction of the circulatory system to injury and regeneration Clin. Orth. Rel. Res. 254, 275-288.
22. Lanyon, L.E. (1993) Osteocytes. strain detection, bone modeling and remodeling. Cal Tiss lnt 53 Suppl. 1, S102-S107.
23. Lindholm, A. (1987) Pathophysiology of exercised-induced diseases of the musculoskeletal system of the equine athlete In: Equine Exercise Physiology II. Eds: J.R. Gillespie and N E. Robinson. ICEEP Publications, Davis, California, pp 711-727
24. Mack, M.L. (1993) The breaking point. Sports Illustrated 79, 76-90.
25. Martin, B , Stover, S , Gibson, V., Gibeling, J. and Adzich, V (1993) Techniques for demonstrating microdamage: Fluorescence of fatigue cracks. Sun Valley Hard Tissue Conference 1 (Abst).
26. McDonald, F. and Ford, T.R.P. (1993) Blood flow changes in the tibia during external loading. J. Orthop. Res. 11, 36-48.
27. Mcllwraith, C.W (1992) The usefulness and side effects of intra-articular Corticosteroids - What do we know? Proc Am Ass equine Practnrs. 38, 21-30
28. Mcllwraith, C.W, Yovich, J V. and Martin, G.S. (1987) Arthroscopic surgery for the treatment of osteochondral chip fractures in the equine carpus J. Am vet. med Ass. 191, 531-540.
29. Meagher, D.M. (1979) The effect of intra-articular Corticosteroids and continued training on carpal chip fractures of horses Proc Am. Ass. equine Practnrs. 16. 405-412.
30. Mon, S. and Burr, D. (1993) Increased intracortical remodeling following fatigue damage. Bone 14, 103-106.
31. Peretz, A , Praet, J.P, Bosson, D., Rozenberg, S. and Boudoux, P (1989) Serum osteocalcin in the assessment of corticosteroid induced osteoporosis: effect of long and short term corticosteroid treatment. J. Rheumatol. 16, 363-367.
32. Pool, R.R. (1994) Cyclic loading Stress remodeling of cancellous bone in young racehorses. Proc. Am. Coll. Vet. Surg. 22, 185-189.
33. Pool, R. and Meagher, D. (1990) Pathologic findings and pathogenesis of racetrack injuries. Vet Clin. N. Am.: Equine Pract. 6, 1-30.
34. Radin, E.L., Martin, R.B., Burr, D.B., Caterson, B., Boyd. R.D. and Goodwill, C. (1984) Effects of mechanical loading on the tissues of the rabbit knee. J. Orthop Res. 2, 221-234.
35. Rhinelander, F.W. and Bonagry, R A. (1962) Microangiography in bone healing. I. Undisplaced closed fractures. J. Bone Joint Surg. 44, 1273-1298.
36. Silyn-Roberts, H. and Broom, N.D. (1990) Fracture behavior of cartilage-on-bone in response to repeated impact loading. Connect Tissue Res 24, 143-156.
37. Sokoloff, L. (1993) Microcracks in the calcified layer of articular cartilage. Arch Path. Lab. Med. 117, 191-195.
38. Stephens, P.R., Richardson, D.W. and Spencer, P.A. (1988) Slab fractures of the third carpal bone in Standardbreds and Thoroughbreds. 155 cases (1977-1984). J. Am. vet. med. Ass. 193, 353-358
39. Stover, S., Martin, R., Pool, R., Taylor, K.T. and Hamngton, T.M. (1993) In vivo labeling of microdamage in cortical bone tissue. Trans Orth Res. Soc. 39, 541
40. Stover, S , Read, D., Johnson, B , Harrington, T, Ardans, A , Andersen, M.L., Barr, B.C., Daft, B.M , Kinde, H., Moore, J., Stoltz, J. and Woods, L.W. (1994) Lateral condylar fracture histomorphology in racehorses. Proc. Am. Ass. equine Practnrs. 49, 173.
41. Thompson, R.C., Vener, M.J., Griffiths, H.J, Lewis, J.L., Oegema, T.T. and Wallace, L. (1993) Scanning electron-microscopic and magnetic resonanceimaging studies of injury to the patellofemoral joint after acute transarticular loading. J. Bone Joint Surg. 75-A, 704-713.
42. Trotter, G.W., McHwraith, C W., Yovich, J.V., Norrdin, R W, Wrigley, R.H. and Lamar, C.H (1991) Effects of intra-articular administration of methylprednisolone acetate on normal equine articular cartilage. Am. J. vet. Res. 52, 83-87
43. Vener, M.J., Thompson, R.C , Lewis, J.L. and Oegema, T.R. (1992) Subchondral damage after acute transarticular loading: An in vitro model of joint injury. J. orthop. Res. 10, 759-765.
44. Voltanen, E.J. (1981) Clinical comparison of triamcinolone hexacetonide and betamethasone in the treatment of the knee-joint. Scand J. Rheum. Suppl. 41, 2-7
45. Young, A., O'Brien, T. and Pool, R. (1988) Exercise-related sclerosis in the third carpal bone of the racing thoroughbred. Proc. Am. Ass. equine Fractnrs. 34, 339-346.