Effectiveness of clinical guidelines for the presumptive treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis in Egyptian children

Lancet

Volumn 350, Issue 9082, 1997, Pages 918-921

  Steinhoff, Mark C ^a,b,d   El Khalek, Mohamed Khalil Abd ^e   Khallaf, Nagwa ^c   Hamza, Hala Salah ^e   El Ayadi, Ahmed ^e   Orabi, Azza ^e   Fouad, Hala ^e   Kamel, Moamena ^e  

^a JOHNS HOPKINS BLOOMBERG SCHOOL OF PUBLIC HEALTH   (United States)

^b JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c MINISTRY OF HEALTH   (Egypt)

^d JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^e NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTIBIOTIC AGENT;

ADOLESCENT; ANTIBIOTIC THERAPY; ARTICLE; BACTERIUM CULTURE; CERVICAL LYMPH NODE; CHILD; CLINICAL FEATURE; CLINICAL TRIAL; DEVELOPING COUNTRY; DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY; DIAGNOSTIC VALUE; EGYPT; ERYTHEMA; EXUDATE; FEMALE; HUMAN; LYMPHADENOPATHY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PHARYNGITIS; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PRIMARY PREVENTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RHEUMATIC FEVER; SORE THROAT; STREPTOCOCCUS GROUP A; STREPTOCOCCUS INFECTION; THROAT CULTURE;

EID: 0031588177     PISSN: 01406736     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(97)03317-5     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. 1 Memorandum from a Joint WHO/ISFC meeting. Strategy for controlling rheumatic fever/rheumatic heart disease, with emphasis on primary prevention. Bull World Health Organ 1995; 73: 583-87.
2. 2 McLaren MJ, Markowitz M, Gerber MA. Rheumatic heart disease in developing countries: the consequence of inadequate prevention. Ann Intern Med 1994; 120: 243-45.
3. 3 Markowitz M. Streptococcal disease in developing countries. Pediatr Infect Dis J 1991; 10: S11-S14.
4. 4 Agarwal BL. Rheumatic heart disease unabated in developing countries. Lancet 1981; ii: 910-11.
5. 5 Eisenberg MJ. Rheumatic heart disease in the developing world: prevalence, prevention, and control. Eur Heart J 1993; 4: 122-28.
6. 6 el-Kholy A, Sorour AH, Houser HB, et al. A three-year prospective study of streptococcal infections in a population of rural Egyptian school children. J Med Microbiol 1973; 6:101-10.
7. 7 Sorour AH, el Kholy AM. Rheumatic heart disease survey. J Egypt Med Assoc 1969; 52 (suppl 8-9): 1.
8. 8 El Kholy A, Fraser DW, Guirguis N, Wannamaker LW, Plikaytis BD, Zimmerman RA. A controlled study of penicillin therapy of group A streptococcal acquisitions in Egyptian families. J Infect Dis 1980; 141: 759-71.
9. 9 Gordis L. Effectiveness of comprehensive-care programs in preventing rheumatic fever. N Engl J Med 1973; 289: 331-35.
10. 10 Markowitz, M. The decline of rheumatic fever: role of medical intervention. J Pediatr 1985; 106: 545-50.
11. 11 Arguedas A, Mohs E. Prevention of rheumatic fever in Costa Rica. J Pediatr 1992; 121: 569-72.
12. 12 Wannamaker LW. Perplexity and precision in the diagnosis of streptococcal pharyngitis. Am J Dis Child 1972; 124: 352-58.
13. 13 Breese BB, Disney FA. The accuracy of diagnosis of beta-streptococcal infections on clinical grounds. J Pediatr 1954; 44: 670-73.
14. 14 Tillerman M, Bernstein SH. Streptococcal pharyngitis: evaluation of clinical syndromes in diagnosis. Am J Dis Child 1961; 101: 476-89.
15. 15 Wannamaker LW. Diagnosis of pharyngitis: clinical and epidemiological features. In: Shulman ST, ed. Management of pharyngitis in an era of declining rheumatic fever. (88th Ross Conference on Pediatric Research). Columbus, OH: Ross Laboratories, 1984: 25-33.
16. 16 Joint WHO/ISFC meeting on primary prevention. WHO/CVD/94.1. Geneva: WHO, 1994: 4-12.
17. 17 Acute respiratory infections in children: case management in small hospitals in developing countries, a manual for doctors and other senior health workers. WHO/ARI.90.5. Geneva: WHO, 1991: 41-42.
18. 18 Cherayil BJ, Sridharan G, Thangavelu CP, Steinhoff MC, Koshi G, Pereira SM. Clinical diagnosis of streptococcal pharyngitis. Trop Pediatr 1987; 33: 157.
19. 19 Majeed HA, Al-Doussary L, Moussa MM, Yusuf AR, Suliman AH. Office diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis employing the rapid antigen detecting. test. A 1-year prospective study of reliability and cost in primary care centres. Ann Trop Paediatr 1993; 13: 65-72.
20. 20 Rheumatic Fever Committee, American Heart Association. Throat cultures for rational treatment of sore throat. American Heart Association, 1977.
21. 21 Sackett DL, Haynes RB, Guyatt GH, Tugwell P. Clinical epidemiology: a basic science for clinical medicine, 2nd ed. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1991: 80-86.
22. 22 Kaplan EL, Top FH Jr, Dudding BA, Wannamaker LW. Diagnosis of streptococcal pharyngitis: differentiation of active infection from the carrier state in the symptomatic child. J Infect Dis 1971; 123: 490-501.
23. 23 Report of Committee on Infectious Diseases, 23rd ed. Elk Grove Village IL: American Academy of Pediatrics, 1994: 430-38.
24. 24 Dippel DWJ, Touw-Otten F, Habbema JDF. Management of children with acute pharyngitis; a decision analysis. J Fam Pract 1992; 34: 149-59.
25. 25 WHO/Division of Diarrhoeal and Acute Respiratory Disease Control. Integrated management of the sick child. Bull World Health Organ 1995; 73: 735-40.