Injury prevention

New England Journal of Medicine

Volumn 337, Issue 8, 1997, Pages 543-548

  Rivara, Frederick P ^a,b,c   Grossman, David C ^a,b,c   Cummings, Peter ^a,c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACCIDENT PREVENTION; ACCIDENTAL DEATH; ALCOHOL INTOXICATION; CHILDHOOD INJURY; EPIDEMIOLOGY; HUMAN; PEDESTRIAN; PREVENTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT; REVIEW; TRAFFIC ACCIDENT; BICYCLE; INJURY; MORTALITY; MOTORCYCLE; STATISTICS; UNITED STATES;

ACCIDENT PREVENTION; ACCIDENTS, TRAFFIC; BICYCLING; HUMANS; MOTORCYCLES; UNITED STATES; WOUNDS AND INJURIES;

EID: 0031582670     PISSN: 00284793     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1056/NEJM199708213370807     Document Type: Review

References (70)

1. National Research Council. Injury in America: a continuing public health problem. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press, 1985.
2. Haddon W Jr. Advances in the epidemiology of injuries as a basis for public policy. Public Health Rep 1980;95:411-21.
3. Idem. A logical framework for categorizing highway safety phenomena and activity. J Trauma 1972;12:193-207.
4. Waller JA. Injury control: a guide to the causes and prevention of trauma. Lexington, Mass.: Lexington Books, 1985.
5. Thompson DC, Rivara FP, Thompson RS. Effectiveness of bicycle safety helmets in preventing head injuries: a case-control study. JAMA 1996;276: 1968-73.
6. Robertson LS. Injuries: causes, control strategies, and public policy. Lexington, Mass.: Lexington Books, 1983.
7. Fergusson DM, Horwood LJ, Beautrais AL, Shannon FT. A controlled field trial of a poisoning prevention method. Pediatrics 1982;69:515-20.
8. Karlson TA. Injury control and public policy. Crit Rev Environ Control 1992;22:195-241.
9. National Center for Health Statistics. Health, United States, 1992 and Healthy People 2000 review. Hyattsville, Md.: Public Health Service, 1993. (DHHS publication no. (PHS) 93-1232.)
10. Rice DP, MacKenzie EJ. Cost of injury in the United States: a report to Congress. San Francisco: Institute for Health and Aging, University of California, 1989.
11. Traffic safety facts 1995: a compilation of motor vehicle crash data from the Fatal Accident Reporting System and the General Estimates System. Washington, D.C.: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 1996.
12. Evans L, Frick MC. Car size or car mass: which has greater influence on fatality risk? Am J Public Health 1992;82:1105-12.
13. MacKay M. Kinematics of vehicle crashes. Adv Trauma 1987;2:21-42.
14. Evans L. Restraint effectiveness, occupant ejection from cars, and fatality reductions. Accid Anal Prev 1990;22:167-75.
15. Decry HA, Love AW. The effect of a moderate dose of alcohol on the traffic hazard perception profile of young drink-drivers. Addiction 1996; 91:815-27.
16. Hingson R, McGovern T, Howland J, Heeren T, Winter M, Zakocs R. Reducing alcohol-impaired driving in Massachusetts: the Saving Lives Program. Am J Public Health 1996;86:791-7.
17. Rivara FP, Koepsell TD, Jurkovich GJ, Gurney JG, Soderberg R. The effects of alcohol abuse on readmission for trauma. JAMA 1993;270:1962-4.
18. Brewer RD, Morris PD, Cole TB, Watkins S, Patetta MJ, Popkin C. The risk of dying in alcohol-related automobile crashes among habitual drunk drivers. N Engl J Med 1994;331:513-7.
19. Persson J, Magnusson PH. Early intervention in patients with excessive consumption of alcohol: a controlled study. Alcohol 1989;6:403-8.
20. Bien TH, Miller WR, Tonigan JS. Brief interventions for alcohol problems: a review. Addiction 1993;88:315-35.
21. Gentilello LM, Donovan DM, Dunn CW, Rivara FP. Alcohol interventions in trauma centers: current practice and future directions. JAMA 1995;274:1043-8.
22. Effectiveness of occupant protection systems and their use: third report to Congress. Washington, D.C.: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 1996.
23. Johnson SW, Walker J. The Crash Outcome Data Evaluation System (CODES). NHTSA technical report. Springfield, Va.: National Technical Information Service, 1996. (Report no. DOT HS 808 3387.)
24. Child passenger restraint use and motor-vehicle related fatalities among children - United States, 1982-90. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1991;40:600-2.
25. Henry MC, Hollander JE, Alicandro JM, Cassara G, O'Malley S, Thode HC Jr. Prospective countywide evaluation of the effects of motor vehicle safety device use on hospital resource use and injury severity. Ann Emerg Med 1996;28:627-34.
26. Kahane CJ. Fatality reduction by airbags: analyses of accident data through early 1996. Washington, D.C.: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, 1996. (Report no. DOT HS 808 470.)
27. Status report. Vol. 31. No. 4. Falls Church, Va.: Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, 1996.
28. Preventive Services Task Force. Guide to clinical preventive services. 2nd ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1996:651.
29. Hunt DK, Lowenstein SR, Badgett RG, Steiner JF. Safety belt nonuse by internal medicine patients: a missed opportunity in clinical preventive medicine. Am J Med 1995;98:343-8.
30. Christophersen ER, Sullivan MA. Increasing the protection of new-born infants in cars. Pediatrics 1982;70:21-5.
31. Berger LR, Saunders S, Armitage K, Schauer L. Promoting the use of car safety devices for infants: an intensive health education approach. Pediatrics 1984;74:16-9.
32. Johnston C, Rivara FP, Soderberg R. Children in car crashes: analysis of data for injury and use of restraints. Pediatrics 1994;93:960-5.
33. Baker SP, O'Neill B, Ginsburg MJ, Li G. The injury fact book. 2nd ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 1992.
34. Orsay E, Holden JA, Williams J, Lumpkin JR. Motorcycle trauma in the state of Illinois: analysis of the Illinois Department of Public Health Trauma Registry. Ann Emerg Med 1995;26:455-60.
35. Rowland J, Rivara FP, Salzberg P, Soderberg R, Maier RV, Koepsell TD. Motorcycle helmet use and injury outcome and hospitalization costs from crashes in Washington State. Am J Public Health 1996;86:41-5.
36. Evans L, Frick MC. Helmet effectiveness in preventing motorcycle driver and passenger fatalities. Accid Anal Prev 1988;20:447-58.
37. Kraus JF, Peek C. The impact of two related prevention strategies on head injury reduction among nonfatally injured motorcycle riders, California, 1991-1993. J Neurotrauma 1995;12:873-81.
38. Muelleman RL, Mlinek EJ, Collicott PE. Motorcycle crash injuries and costs: effect of a reenacted comprehensive helmet use law. Ann Emerg Med 1992;21:266-72.
39. Fleming NS, Becker ER. The impact of the Texas 1989 motorcycle helmet law on total and head-related fatalities, severe injuries, and overall injuries. Med Care 1992;30:832-45.
40. Kraus JF, Peek C, McArthur DL, Williams A. The effect of the 1992 California motorcycle helmet use law on motorcycle crash fatalities and injuries. JAMA 1994;272:1506-11.
41. Johnson RM, McCarthy MC, Miller SF, Peoples JB. Craniofacial trauma in injured motorcyclists: the impact of helmet usage. J Trauma 1995; 38:876-8.
42. Kelsey SL, Liddicoat C, Ratz M. Licensing novice motorcyclists: a comparison of the traffic safety impact of California's standard test and the MOST II (Motorcycle Operator Skill Test) administered at centralized testing offices. Sacramento: California Department of Motor Vehicles, 1986. (Report no. CAL-DMV-RSS-86-106.)
43. Zador PL. Motorcycle headlight-use laws and fatal motorcycle crashes in the US, 1975-1983. Am J Public Health 1985;75:543-6.
44. Peek C, Braver ER, Shen H, Kraus JF. Lower extremity injuries from motorcycle crashes: a common cause of preventable injury. J Trauma 1994; 37:358-64.
45. Craig GR, Sleet R, Wood SK. Lower limb injuries in motorcycle accidents. Injury 1983;15:163-6.
46. Rivara FP, Mueller BA, Fligner CL, et al. Drug use in trauma victims. J Trauma 1989;29:462-70.
47. Rivara FP, Jurkovich GJ, Gurney JG, et al. The magnitude of acute and chronic alcohol abuse in trauma patients. Arch Surg 1993;128:907-13.
48. The National Committee for Injury Prevention and Control. Injury prevention: meeting the challenge. New York: Oxford University Press, 1989:115.
49. Haddon W Jr, Valien P, McCarroll JR, Umberger CJ. A controlled investigation of the characteristics of adult pedestrians fatally injured by motor vehicles in Manhattan. J Chronic Dis 1961;14:655-78.
50. Rivara FP. Child pedestrian injuries in the United States: current status of the problem, potential interventions, and future research needs. Am J Dis Child 1990;144:692-6.
51. Rivara FP, Barber M. Demographic analysis of childhood pedestrian injuries. Pediatrics 1985;76:375-81.
52. Pless IB, Peckham CS, Power C. Predicting traffic injuries in childhood: a cohort analysis. J Pediatr 1989;115:932-8.
53. Stevenson MR, Jamrozik KD, Spittle J. A case-control study of traffic risk factors and child pedestrian injury. Int J Epidemiol 1995;24:957-64.
54. Kendrick D. Prevention of pedestrian accidents. Arch Dis Child 1993; 68:669-72.
55. Braddock M, Lapidus G, Gregorio D, Kapp M, Banco L. Population, income, and ecological correlates of child pedestrian injury. Pediatrics 1991;88:1242-7.
56. Christoffel KK, Donovan M, Schofer J, Wills K, Lavigne JV, Kids 'n'Cars Team. Psychosocial factors in childhood pedestrian injury: a matched case-control study. Pediatrics 1996;97:33-42.
57. Roberts I, Norton R, Jackson R, Dunn R, Hassall I. Effect of environmental factors on risk of injury of child pedestrians by motor vehicles: a case-control study. BMJ 1995;310:91-4.
58. Hillman M, Adams J, Whitelegg J. One false move. . . : a study of children's independent mobility. London: Policy Studies Institute, 1991.
59. Roberts I, Norton R. Auckland children's exposure to risk as pedestrians. N Z Med J 1994;107:331-3.
60. Roberts I, Ashton T, Dunn R, Lee-Joe T. Preventing child pedestrian injury: pedestrian education or traffic calming? Aust J Public Health 1994; 18:209-12.
61. Hogue CC. Injury in late life. 1. Epidemiology. J Am Geriatr Soc 1982;30:183-90.
62. Hoxie RE, Rubenstein LZ. Are older pedestrians allowed enough time to cross intersections safely? J Am Geriatr Soc 1994;42:241-4.
63. Baker SP, Robertson LS, O'Neill B. Fatal pedestrian collisions: driver negligence. Am J Public Health 1974;64:318-25.
64. Thompson DC, Dannenberg AL, Thompson RS, Rivara FP. Bicycling. In: Caine DJ, Caine CG, Lindner KJ, eds. Epidemiology of sports injuries. Champaign, Ill.: Human Kinetics, 1996:98-112.
65. Sacks JJ, Holmgreen P, Smith SM, Sosin DM. Bicycle-associated head injuries and deaths in the United States from 1984 through 1988: how many are preventable? JAMA 1991;266:3016-8.
66. Thompson DC, Nunn ME, Thompson RS, Rivara FP. Effectiveness of bicycle safety helmets in preventing serious facial injury. JAMA 1996;276: 1974-5.
67. Li G, Baker SP. Alcohol and fatally injured bicyclists. Accid Anal Prev 1994;26:543-8.
68. Thompson RS, Rivara FP, Thompson DC. A case-control study of the effectiveness of bicycle safety helmets. N Engl J Med 1989;320:1361-7.
69. Cote TR, Sacks JJ, Lambert-Huber DA, et al. Bicycle helmet use among Maryland children: effect of legislation and education. Pediatrics 1992;89:1216-20.
70. Rivara FP, Thompson DC, Thompson RS, et al. The Seattle children's bicycle helmet campaign: changes in helmet use and head injury admissions. Pediatrics 1994;93:567-9.