Hydrograph separation using stable isotopes, silica and electrical conductivity: An alpine example

Journal of Hydrology

Volumn 201, Issue 1-4, 1997, Pages 82-101

  Laudon, Hjalmar ^a   Slaymaker, Olav ^b  

^a SWEDISH UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES   (Sweden)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BRITISH COLUMBIA   (Canada)

Author keywords

Alpine basin; Electrical conductivity; Hydrograph separation; Silica concentration; Stable isotopes; Subalpine site

Indexed keywords

DEUTERIUM; ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY; FORECASTING; GRAPH THEORY; ISOTOPES; LANDFORMS; OXYGEN; PRECIPITATION (METEOROLOGY); RADIOACTIVE TRACERS; RUNOFF; SILICA; WATER;

ALPINE BASIN; FRACTURED BEDROCK; HYDROGRAPH SEPARATION; LANDSLIDE DEBRIS; MACROPORE SYSTEM; OVERLAND FLOW; PRE STORM WATER CONTRIBUTION; PRESSURE PROPAGATION; SUBALPINE SITE;

HYDROLOGY;

ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY; HYDROGRAPH SEPARATION; ISOTOPE TRACER; RUNOFF; SILICA;

EID: 0031581589     PISSN: 00221694     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0022-1694(97)00030-9     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Baron, J., 1992. Surface waters. In: Baron, J. (Ed.), Biogeochemistry in a Subalpine Ecosystem, Loch Vale Watershed. Ecological Studies 90, Springer Verlag, New York, pp. 142-186.
2. Barrett, G.E., 1981. Streamflow generation in a sub-alpine basin in the Coast Mountains of British Columbia. MSc. Thesis, Department of Geography, University of British Columbia, pp. 85.
3. Barrett, G., Slaymaker, O., 1989. Identification, characterization and hydrological implications of water repellency in mountain soils, Southern British Columbia. Catena 16, 477-489.
4. Bishop, K.H., 1990. Episodic increases in stream acidity, catchment flow pathways and hydrograph separation. Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, pp. 246.
5. Dansgaard, W., 1964. Stable isotopes in precipitation. Tellus 16, 436-468.
6. De Boer, D.H., Campbell, I.A., 1990. Runoff chemistry as an indicator of runoff sources and routing in semi-arid badland drainage basins. J. Hydrol. 121, 379-394.
7. DeWalle, D.R., Swistock, B.R., Sharpe, W.E., 1988. Three component tracer model for stormflow on a small Appalachian forested catchment. J. Hydrol. 104, 301-310.
8. Dinçer, T., Payne, B.R., Florkowski, T., Martinec, J., Tongiorgi, E., 1970. Snowmelt runoff from measurements of tritium and oxygen-18. Water Resour. Res. 6 (1), 110-124.
9. Drever, J.I., Hurcomb, D.R., 1986. Neutralization of atmospheric acidity by chemical weathering in an alpine drainage basin in the North Cascade Mountains. Geology 14, 221-224.
10. Elsenbeer, H., West, A., Bonell, M., 1994. Hydrological pathways and stormflow at South Creek, northeast Queensland. J. Hydrol. 162, 1-21.
11. Fritz, P., Cherry, J.A., Weyer, R.U., Sklash, M., 1976. Storm runoff analyses using environmental isotopes and major ions. In: Interpretation of Environmental Isotopes and Hydrochemical Data in Groundwater Hydrology. Vienna International Atomic Energy Agency, pp. 111-130.
12. Gallie, T.M., 1983. Chemical denudation and hydrology near tree limit, Coast Mountains, British Columbia. Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Geography, University of British Columbia, pp. 218.
13. Harris, D.M., McDonnell, J.J., Rodhe, A., 1995. Hydrograph separation using continuous open system isotope mixing. Water Resour. Res. 31 (1), 157-171.
14. Hooper, R.P., Shoemaker, C.A., 1986. A comparison of chemical and isotopic hydrograph separation. Water Resour. Res. 22 (10), 1444-1454.
15. Hooper, R.P., Christophersen, N., Peters, N.E., 1990. Modelling streamwater chemistry as a mixture of soilwater end-members - an application to the Panola Mountain catchment, Georgia, U.S.A. J. Hydrol. 116, 321-343.
16. Jenkins, A., Ferrier, R.C., Harriman, R., Ogunkoya, Y.O., 1994. A case study in catchment hydrochemistry: conflicting interpretations from hydrological and chemical observations. Hydrol. Process. 8, 335-349.
17. Journeay, M., 1997. Geology of the Pemberton map area (92J7), British Columbia. Geological Survey of Canada Open File, scale 1:50000 (in press).
18. Kattleman, R., 1989. Groundwater contributions in an alpine basin in the Sierra Nevada. In: Woessner, W.W., Potts, D.F. (Eds.), Headwaters Hydrology. American Water Resources Association, pp. 361-369.
19. Kennedy, V.C., 1971. Silica variation in stream water with time and discharge. Adv. Chem. 106, 94-130.
20. Kennedy, V.C., Kendall, C., Zellweger, G.W., Wyerman, T.A., Avanzino, R.J., 1986. Determination of the components of stormflow using water chemistry and environmental isotopes, Mattole River Basin, California. J. Hydrol. 84, 107-140.
21. Laudon, H., 1995. Spatial and temporal variability of the stream water chemistry of an alpine/subalpine catchment, in the Coast Mountains of British Columbia. MSc. Thesis, Department of Geography, University of British Columbia, pp. 83.
22. Martinec, J., 1975. Subsurface flow from snowmelt traced by Tritium. Water Resour. Res. 11 (3), 496-498.
23. McDonnell, J.J., 1990. A rationale for old water discharge through macropores in a steep, humid catchment. Water Resour. Res. 26 (11), 2821-2832.
24. McDonnell, J.J., Stewart, M.K., Ens, I.F., 1991. Effect of catchment scale subsurface mixing on stream isotopic response. Water Resour. Res. 27 (12), 3065-3073.
25. Mosley, M.P., 1979. Streamflow generation in a forested watershed, New Zealand. Water Resour. Res. 15 (4), 795-806.
26. Mosley, M.P., 1982. Subsurface flow velocities through selected forested sites, South Island, New Zealand. J. Hydrol. 55, 65-92.
27. Nakamura, R., 1971. Runoff analysis by electrical conductance of water. J. Hydrol. 14, 197-212.
28. Ogunkoya, O.O., Jenkins, A., 1993. Analysis of storm hydrograph and flow pathways using three-component hydrograph separation model. J. Hydrol. 142, 71-88.
29. Pearce, A.J., Stewart, M.K., Sklash, M.G., 1986. Storm runoff generation in humid headwater catchments 1. Where does the water come from? Water Resour. Res. 22 (8), 1263-1272.
30. Pilgrim, D.H., Huff, D.D., Steele, T.D., 1979. Use of specific conductance and contact time relations for separating flow components. Water Resour. Res. 15 (2), 329-339.
31. Pinder, G.F., Jones, J.F., 1969. Determination of the groundwater component of peak discharge from the chemistry of total runoff. Water Resour. Res. 5 (2), 438-445.
32. Rodhe, A., 1987. The origin of streamwater traced by oxygen-18. Ph.D. Thesis, Uppsala University, UNGI Report Series A, No. 41, pp. 260.
33. Šilar, J., 1990. Surface water and groundwater interaction in mountainous areas. In: Molner, L. (Ed.), Hydrology of Mountainous Areas. IAHS Publication No. 190, pp. 21-28.
34. Sklash, M.G., Farvolden, R.W., 1979. The role of groundwater in storm runoff. J. Hydrol. 43, 45-65.
35. Sklash, M.G., Stewart, M.K., Pearce, A.J., 1986. Storm runoff generation in humid headwater catchments 2. A case study of hillslope and low-order stream response. Water Resour. Res. 22 (8), 1273-1282.
36. Slaymaker, O., 1988. Slope erosion and mass movement in relation to weathering in geochemical processes. In: Lerman, A., Meybeck, H. (Eds.), Physical and Chemical Weathering in Geochemical Cycles. Kluwer Academic Publisher, Dordrecht, pp. 83-111.
37. Wels, C., Cornett, R.J., Lazerete, B.D., 1991. Hydrograph separation: comparison of geochemical and isotopic tracers. J. Hydrol. 122, 253-274.
38. Zeman, L.J., Nyborg, E.O., 1974. Collection of chemical fallout from the atmosphere. Can. Agric. Eng. 16 (2), 69-72.
39. Zeman, L.J., Slaymaker, O., 1975. Hydrochemical analysis to discriminate variable runoff source areas in an alpine basin. Arct. Alp. Res. 7 (4), 341-351.