Sex, the prisoner's dilemma game, and the evolutionary inevitability of cooperation

Journal of Theoretical Biology

Volumn 189, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 53-61

  Koeslag, Johan H ^a  

^a STELLENBOSCH UNIVERSITY   (South Africa)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COOPERATION; EVOLUTION; KOINOPHILIA; PRISONER'S DILEMMA; SEX;

ARTICLE; ASSORTATIVE MATING; COOPERATION; EVOLUTION; GENE MUTATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SOCIAL INTERACTION;

EID: 0031558801     PISSN: 00225193     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1006/jtbi.1997.0496     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. AXELROD, R. & DION, D. (1988). The further evolution of cooperation. Science 242, 1385-1390.
2. AXELROD, R. & HAMILTON, W. D. (1981). The evolution of cooperation. Science 211, 1390-1396.
3. BERNS, G. S., COHEN, J. & MINTUN, M. A. (1997). Brain regions responsive to novelty in the absence of awareness. Science 276, 1272-1275.
4. BOYD, R. (1989). Mistakes allow evolutionary stability in the repeated Prisoner's Dilemma game. J. theor. Biol. 136, 47-56.
5. BOYD, R. & LORBERBAUM, J. P. (1987). No pure strategy is evolutionarily stable in the repeated Prisoner's Dilemma game. Nature 327, 58-59.
6. BOYD, R. & RICHERSON, P. J. (1985). Culture and the Evolutionary Process. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
7. BOYD, R. & RICHERSON, P. J. (1988). An evolutionary model of social learning: the effects of spatial and temporal variation. In: Social Learning: Psychological and Biological Perspectives (Zentall, T. R. & Galef, B. G. Jr, eds), pp. 29-50. Hillsdale NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
8. BOYD, R. & RICHERSON, P. J. (1990). Group selection among alternative evolutionarily stable strategies. J. theor. Biol. 145, 331-342.
9. BROWN, J. L. (1987). Helping and Communal Breeding in Birds, Ecology and Evolution. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
10. BULMER, M. (1989). Structural instability of models of sexual selection. Theor. Pop. Biol. 35, 195-206.
11. DAWKINS, R. (1996). Climbing Mount Improbable. Harmondsworth: Viking.
12. EMLEN, S. T. (1984). Cooperative breeding in birds and mammals. In: Behavioural Ecology. An Evolutionary Approach, 2nd Edn (Krebs, J. R. & Davies N. B., eds), pp. 305-339. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications.
13. FELDMAN M. W., AOKI, K. & KUMM, J. (1996). Individual versus social learning: evolutionary analysis in a fluctuating environment. Anthropological Science 104, 209-232.
14. GALEF, B. G. JR (1988). Imitation in animals: history, definition, and interpretation of data from the psychological laboratory. In: Social Learning: Psychological and Biological Perspectives (Zentall, T. R. & Galef, B. G. Jr, eds), pp. 3-28. Hillsdale NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
15. GODFRAY, H. C. J. (1992). The evolution of forgiveness. Nature 355, 206-207.
16. GOULD, J. L. & MARLER, P. (1987). Learning by instinct. Sci. Am. 256(1), 62-73.
17. HÖGLUND, J. ALATALO, R. V. & LUNDSBERG, A. (1990). Copying the mate choice of others? Observations on female black Grouse. Behaviour 144, 221-231.
18. KIRKPATRICK, M. (1982). Sexual selection and the evolution of female choice. Evolution 36, 1-12.
19. KOESLAG, J. H. (1990). Koinophilia groups sexual creatures into species, promotes stasis, and stabilizes social behaviour J. theor. Biol. 144, 15-35.
20. KOESLAG, J. H. (1994). Koinophilia replaces random mating in populations subject to mutations with randomly varying fitnesses. J. theor. Biol. 171, 341-345.
21. KOESLAG, J. H. (1995). On the engine of speciation. J. theor. Biol. 177, 401-409.
22. KOESLAG, J. H. & KOESLAG, P. D. (1993). Evolutionarily stable meiotic sex. J. Heredity 84, 396-399.
23. KOESLAG, J. H. & KOESLAG, P. D. (1994a). Koinophilia. J. theor. Biol. 167, 55-65.
24. KOESLAG, P. D. & KOESLAG, J. H. (1994b). Koinophilia stabilizes bi-gender sexual reproduction against asex in an unchanging environment J. theor. Biol. 166, 251-260.
25. KRAINES, D. & KRAINES, V. (1989). Pavlov and the Prisoner's Dilemma. Theory Dec. 26, 47-79.
26. LANDE, R. (1981). Models of speciation by sexual selection on polygenic traits. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 78, 3721-3725.
27. MAY, R. M. (1981). The evolution of cooperation. Nature 292, 291-292.
28. MAY, R. M. (1987). More evolution of cooperation. Nature 327, 15-17.
29. MAYNARD SMITH, J. (1974). The theory of games and the evolution of animal conflicts. J. theor. Biol. 47, 209-221.
30. MAYNARD SMITH, J. (1982). Evolution and the Theory of Games. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
31. MAYNARD SMITH, J. (1984). Game theory and the evolution of behaviour. Behav. Brain Sci. 7, 95-101.
32. MAYNARD SMITH, J. (1987). How to model evolution. In: The Latest on the Best. Essays on Evolution and Optimality (Dupré, J., ed.), pp. 119-131, 147-149. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
33. MAYNARD SMITH, J. (1989). Evolutionary Genetics, pp. 168-169, 181-183. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
34. MILINSKI, M. (1993). Cooperation wins and stays. Nature 364, 12-13.
35. NOWAK, M. & SIGMUND, K. (1989). Oscillations in the evolution of reciprocity. J. theor. Biol. 137, 21-26.
36. NOWAK, M. & SIGMUND, K. (1990). The evolution of stochastic strategies in the Prisoner's Dilemma. Acta appl. Math. 20, 247-265.
37. NOWAK, M. & SIGMUND, K. (1992a). Tit for tat in heterogeneous populations. Nature 355, 250-253.
38. NOWAK, M. A. & SIGMUND, K. (1992b). Evolutionary games and spatial chaos. Nature 355, 250-252.
39. NOWAK, M. & SIGMUND, K. (1993a). A strategy of win-stay, lose-shift that outperforms tit-for-tat in the Prisoner's Dilemma game. Nature 364, 56-58.
40. NOWAK, M. & SIGMUND, K. (1993b). Chaos and the evolution of cooperation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90, 5091-5094.
41. PARK, S. K. & MILLER, K. W. (1988). Random number generators: good ones are hard to find. Communs. Assoc. Comput. Mach. 31, 1192-1201.
42. PARKER, G. A. (1984). Evolutionarily stable strategies. In: Behavioural Ecology. An Evolutionary Approach (Krebs, J. R. & Davies, N. B., eds), pp. 30-61. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific.
43. SIGMUND, K. (1993). Games of Life. pp. 180-206. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
44. STRUM, S. C. (1987). The "Gang" moves to a strange new land. National Geographic 172, 677-690.
45. VICKERS, G. T. & CANNINGS, C. (1987). On the definition of an evolutionarily stable strategy. J. theor. Biol. 129, 349-353.
46. WILLIAMS, C. G. (1966). Adaptation and Natural Selection: A Critique of some Current Evolutionary Thoughts. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
47. WOOLFENDEN, G. E. (1981). Selfish behavior by Florida scrub jay helpers. In: Natural Selection and Social Behavior: Recent Research and New Theory (Alexander, R. D. & Tinkle, D. W., eds), pp. 257-260. New York: Chiron Press.
48. WRIGHT, S. (1931). Evolution and Mendelian populations. Genetics 16, 97-159.
49. WRIGHT, S. (1945). Tempo and mode in evolution: a critical review. Ecology 26, 415-419.