Seasonality of birth in schizophrenia: The effect of regional population density

Schizophrenia Research

Volumn 23, Issue 2, 1997, Pages 175-180

  Verdoux, Hélène ^a   Takei, Noriyoshi ^b,c   Cassou de Saint Mathurin, René ^a   Murray, Robin M ^b   Bourgeois, Marc L ^a  

^a UNIVERSITÉ DE BORDEAUX   (France)

^b KING'S COLLEGE HOSPITAL NHS FOUNDATION TRUST   (United Kingdom)

^c NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH   (Japan)

Author keywords

place of birth; schizophrenia; season of birth; urban areas

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; CHILDBIRTH; FEMALE; FRANCE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SEASONAL VARIATION; URBAN AREA;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGED; FEMALE; FRANCE; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; RISK FACTORS; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SEASONS; URBAN POPULATION;

EID: 0031557125     PISSN: 09209964     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0920-9964(96)00096-5     Document Type: Article

References (19)

1. Bourgeois, M., Cassou de Saint-Mathurin, R., Verdoux, H. and Ellison W. (1990) Enquête sur les variations saisonnières des naissances des schizophènes. Ann. Méd. Psychol. 148, 425-438.
2. Bradbury, T.N. and Miller, G.A. (1985) Season of birth in schizophrenia: a review of evidence, methodology, and etiology. Psychol. Bull, 98, 569-594.
3. Castle, D.J. and Murray, R.M. (1991) The neurodevelopmental basis of sex differences in schizophrenia. Psychol. Med. 21, 565-575.
4. Castle, D.J., Scott, K., Wessely, S. and Murray, R.M. (1993) Does social deprivation during gestation and early life predispose to later schizophrenia? Soc. Psychiatry Psychiatr. Epidemiol, 28, 1-4.
5. Crow, T.J. (1994) Prenatal exposure to influenza as a cause of schizophrenia. Br. J. Psychiatry 164, 588-592.
6. Denicoff, K.D., Meglathery, S.B., Post, R.M. and Tandeciarz, S.I. (1994) Efficacy of carbamazepine compared with other agents: a clinical practice survey. J. Clin. Psychiatry 55, 70-76.
7. Freeman, H. (1994) Schizophrenia and city residence. Brit. J. Psychiatry 165 (Suppl. 23), 39-50.
8. Lewis, M.S. (1989) Age incidence and schizophrenia. Part I. The season of birth controversy. Schizophr. Bull. 15, 59-73.
9. Lewis, D., David, A., Andréasson, S. and Allebeck P. (1992) Schizophrenia and city life. Lancet 340, 137-140.
10. Machón, R.A., Mednick, S.A. and Schulsinger, F. (1983) The interaction of seasonality, place of birth, genetic risk and subsequent schizophrenia in a high risk sample. Br. J. Psychiatry 143, 383-388.
11. Murray, R.M. (1994) Neurodevelopmental schizophrenia: the rediscovery of dementia praecox. Br. J. Psychiatry 165 (Suppl. 25), 6-12.
12. Norusis, M.J/SPSS Inc. (1990) SPSS/PC+ Statistics 4.0. SPPS Inc., Chicago.
13. O'Callaghan, E., Gibson, T., Coholan, H.A., Walshe, D., Buckley, P, Larkin, C. and Waddington, J. L. (1991) Season of birth in schizophrenia. Evidence for a confinement of an excess of winter births to patients without a family historyy of mental disorder. Br. J. Psychiatry 158, 764-769.
14. O'Callaghan, E., Cotter, D., Colgan, K., Larkin, C., Walsh, D. and Waddington, J.L. (1995) Confinement of winter birth excess in schizophrenia to the urban-born and its gender specificity. Br. J. Psychiatry 166, 51-54.
15. Pull, C., Pichot, P. and Overall, J. (1979) A statistical model of psychiatric diagnostic pratices in France. Comp. Psychiatry 20, 27-39.
16. Takei, N., Sham, P., O'Callaghan, E. and Murray, R.M. (1992) Cities, winter birth, and schizophrenia. Lancet 340, 558-559.
17. Takei, N., Sham, P., O'Callaghan, E., Glover, G. and Murray, R.M. (1995) Early risk factors in schizophrenia: place and season of birth. Eur. Psychiatry 10, 165-170.
18. Torrey, E.F. and Bowler, A.E. (1991) Geographical istribution of insanity in America: evidence for an urban factor. Schizophr. Bull. 16, 591-604.
19. Verdoux, H., Gonzales, B., Takei, N. and Bourgeois, M. (1996) A survey of prescribing practice of antipsychotic maintenance treatment for manic-depressive outpatients. J. Affect. Dis. 38, 81-87.