Green schemes: Corporate environmental strategies and their implementation

California Management Review

Volumn , Issue 3, 1997, Pages 118-134

  Maxwell, James ^a   Rothenberg, Sandra ^a   Briscoe, Forrest ^a   Marcus, Alfred ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0031513362     PISSN: 00081256     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/41165902     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Michael E. Porter and Claas van der Linde, "Green and Competitive: An Underlying Logic Links the Environment, Resource Productivity, Innovation, and Competitiveness," Harvard Business Review (September/October 1995).
2. Kyle Datta, "Measuring Environmental Performance," Environmental Protection (August 1995), p. 39.
3. The Valdez Principles are a charter of corporate environmental responsibility developed by members of the investment community. Coalition for Environmentally Responsible Economies, Guide to the CERES Principles, Boston, MA, 1995.
4. David P. Baron, "Integrated Strategy: Market and Non-Market Components," California Management Review, 37/2 (Winter 1995): 47.
5. S. Vandermerwe and M. D Oliff, "Customers Drive Corporations Green," Long Range Planning, 23/6 (1990): 10-16. See also The Roper Organization, "The Environment: Public Attitudes and Individual Behavior," commissioned by S.C. Johnson & Son, Inc, 1990.
6. S. Vandermerwe and M. D Oliff, "Customers Drive Corporations Green," Long Range Planning, 23/6 (1990): 10-16. See also The Roper Organization, "The Environment: Public Attitudes and Individual Behavior," commissioned by S.C. Johnson & Son, Inc, 1990.
7. David Vogel, Trading Up: Consumer and Environmental Regulation in a Global Economy (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1995), p. 13. See also Kenneth Oye and James Maxwell, "Self-Interest and Environmental Management," in R. Keohane and E. Ostram, eds., Local Commons and Global Interdependence: Heterogeneity and Cooperation in Two Domains (London: Sage, 1995).
8. David Vogel, Trading Up: Consumer and Environmental Regulation in a Global Economy (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1995), p. 13. See also Kenneth Oye and James Maxwell, "Self-Interest and Environmental Management," in R. Keohane and E. Ostram, eds., Local Commons and Global Interdependence: Heterogeneity and Cooperation in Two Domains (London: Sage, 1995).
9. Volvo Annual Report, 1994. Because of changes in exchange rates, the numbers given in U.S. dollars are approximate and are based on a rate of 1 SEK = $0.135.
10. Inge Horkeby, Manager Environmental Protection, Volvo Technical Development Department, Interview with Sandra Rothenberg, Gothenburg, Sweden, January 15, 1992.
11. Olle Boethius, Environmental Affairs, Volvo Car Corporation, Interview with Sandra Rothenberg, Gothenburg, Sweden, 20 January 1992.
12. Sandra Rothenberg and James Maxwell, "Extending the Umbrella of Social Concern: Volvo's Proactive Approach to Environmental Management," Corporate Environmental Strategy, 3/2 (Fall 1995).
13. Ibid.
14. Ibid.
15. "Volvo Miljoemaerks foere ar 2000" [A Volvo will be environmentally labeled before the year 2000], Ny Teknik, Issue 6, (1994).
16. Rothenberg and Maxwell (1995), op. cit.
17. Interview, William Shapiro, Manager, Regulations and Compliance, Volvo Cars of North America, December 3, 1996.
18. Jennifer Nash, Karen Nutt, James Maxwell, and John Ehrenfeld, "Polaroid's Environmental Accounting and Reporting System: Benefits and Limitations of a TQEM Measurement Tool," Total Quality Environmental Management (Autumn 1992), p. 6.
19. Ibid.
20. James Ahearn, Associate Director of Health, Safety, and the Environment. From an interview on May 9, 1994, Cambridge, MA.
21. Forrest Briscoe, "The First Five Years of Toxic Use Reduction at Polaroid," Environmental Science and Public Policy program, Harvard University, unpublished.
22. James Ahearn, telephone correspondence, November 1996.
23. James Maxwell, Lola Matysiak, Jennifer Nash, and John Enrenfeld, "Case Study: Preventing Waste Beyond Company Walls: Procter and Gamble's Response to the Need for Environmental Quality," Pollution Prevention Review (Summer 1993); Procter & Gamble Company and Subsidiaries Annual Report, 1995.
24. Smale explained, "The environment is not a fad; it is a public value," to the Corporate Council for the Environment conference in 1996. He went on to explain his belief that corporate sensitivity to the environment can be turned into a competitive advantage. Brian Ford, "Experts Say Thinking Green Helps Firms Stay in the Black," The Tulsa World, November 2, 1996, p. A11.
25. Ibid.
26. "In Partnership with Our Environment," Procter and Gamble, 1990, p. 2.
27. Maxwell et al. (1993), op. cit.
28. See Editors of Advertising Age, The House that Ivory Built. (Lincolnwood, IL: NTC Business Books, 1988).
29. Tom Rattray, "Source Reduction - An Endangered Species?" Resource Recycling (November 1990), p. 64.
30. Information gathered from interviews with Edward Fox, John Keikhim, Tom Rattray, Bob Stroud, and Charles Wosaba, Procter & Gamble, Cincinnati, Ohio, August 1991.
31. "Environmental Groups Cite Cloth Diapers as Personal Responsibility Example for Earth Day 25th Anniversary," PR Newswire, April 12, 1995.
32. Environmental Defense Fund (EDF) and other groups believed that large corporations like P&G could benefit from involved cooperation such as was illustrated in EDF's partnership with McDonalds on packaging.
33. Raymond E. Miles and Charles C. Snow, "Fit, Failure, and the Hall of Fame," California Management Review, 26/3 (Spring 1984): 10-28.
34. "EPA Signs CRADAs With P&G Pollution-Control Industry," Federal Technology Report, May 9, 1996, p. 16.
35. Thomas N. Gladwin, "Environmental Policy Trends Facing Multinationals," California Management Review, 20/2 (Winter 1977): 81-93.
36. Sandra Rothenberg, James Maxwell, and Alfred Marcus, "Issues in the Implementation of Proactive Environmental Strategies," Business, Strategy and the Environment, 1/4 (Winter 1993): 1-12.