What if labor were not white and male? Recentering working-class history and reconstructing debate on the unions and race

International Labor and Working-Class History

Volumn , Issue 51, 1997, Pages 72-95

  Roediger, David ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0031512875     PISSN: 01475479     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/s014754790000199x     Document Type: Article

References (9)

1. Saxton's "Discrimination on the Railroads" is in his possession in typescript and will appear in a forthcoming collection of his historical essays. On the hearings, the delays, and the history of discrimination in railroad labor see Herbert Hill, Black Labor and the American Legal System (Madison, 1985), 334-72. On the "Nordic closed shop" see Charles Houston, "Foul Employment Practice on the Rails," The Crisis 56 (1949):270. Eric Arnesen's research alerted me to Houston's article.
2. Saxton's "Discrimination on the Railroads" is in his possession in typescript and will appear in a forthcoming collection of his historical essays. On the hearings, the delays, and the history of discrimination in railroad labor see Herbert Hill, Black Labor and the American Legal System (Madison, 1985), 334-72. On the "Nordic closed shop" see Charles Houston, "Foul Employment Practice on the Rails," The Crisis 56 (1949):270. Eric Arnesen's research alerted me to Houston's article.
3. Bernice Anita Reed, "Accommodation Between Negro and White Employees in a West Coast Aircraft Industry, 1942-1944," Social Forces 26 (1947):76-77, 78-84 passim. I take "whiteness as property" from Cheryl Harris' remarkable "Whiteness as Property," Harvard Law Review 106 (1993):1701-91.
4. Bernice Anita Reed, "Accommodation Between Negro and White Employees in a West Coast Aircraft Industry, 1942-1944," Social Forces 26 (1947):76-77, 78-84 passim. I take "whiteness as property" from Cheryl Harris' remarkable "Whiteness as Property," Harvard Law Review 106 (1993):1701-91.
5. Herbert Northrup, Organized Labor and the Negro (New York, 1944), 16; Toni Morrison. Playing in the Dark: Whiteness and the Literary Imagination (Cambridge, 1992), 47.
6. Herbert Northrup, Organized Labor and the Negro (New York, 1944), 16; Toni Morrison. Playing in the Dark: Whiteness and the Literary Imagination (Cambridge, 1992), 47.
7. John R. Commons et al., History of Labor in the United States, 4 vols. (New York, 1918-35), 2:252-53; Herbert Hill, "Anti-Oriental Agitation and the Rise of Working-Class Racism," Society 10 (1973):48-51; Dana Frank, Purchasing Power: Consumer Organizing, Gender and the Seattle Labor Movement, 1919-1929 (Cambridge, 1994), 228-32.
8. John R. Commons et al., History of Labor in the United States, 4 vols. (New York, 1918-35), 2:252-53; Herbert Hill, "Anti-Oriental Agitation and the Rise of Working-Class Racism," Society 10 (1973):48-51; Dana Frank, Purchasing Power: Consumer Organizing, Gender and the Seattle Labor Movement, 1919-1929 (Cambridge, 1994), 228-32.
9. John R. Commons et al., History of Labor in the United States, 4 vols. (New York, 1918-35), 2:252-53; Herbert Hill, "Anti-Oriental Agitation and the Rise of Working-Class Racism," Society 10 (1973):48-51; Dana Frank, Purchasing Power: Consumer Organizing, Gender and the Seattle Labor Movement, 1919-1929 (Cambridge, 1994), 228-32.