Priming and media impact on the evaluations of the president's performance

Communication Research

Volumn 24, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 3-30

  Pan, Zhongdang ^a   Kosicki, Gerald M ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0031502427     PISSN: 00936502     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/009365097024001001     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Aiken, L. S., & West, S. G. (1991). Multiple regression: Testing and interpreting interactions. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
2. Barilleaux, R. J., & Adkins, R. E. (1993). The nominations: Process and patterns. In M. Nelson (Ed.), The elections of 1992 (pp. 21-56). Washington, DC: CQ Press.
3. Bartels, L. M. (1993). Messages received: The political impact of media exposure. American Political Science Review, 87, 267-285.
4. Behr, R. L., & Iyengar, S. (1985). Television news, real-world cues, and changes in the public agenda. Public Opinion Quarterly, 49, 38-57.
5. Bennett, W. L., & Manheim, J. B. (1993). Taking the public by storm: Information, cuing, and the democratic process in the Gulf conflict. Political Communication, 10, 331-352.
6. Berkowitz, L. (1984). Some effects of thoughts on anti- and prosocial influences of media events: A cognitive-neoassociation analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 95, 410-427.
7. Bourdieu, P. (1972). Public opinion does not exist. In A. Mattelart & S. Siegetaub (Eds.), Communication and class struggle Part I: Capitalism & imperialism (pp. 124-130). New York: International General.
8. Brody, R. A. (1991). Assessing the president: The media, elite opinion and public support. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
9. Collins, A., & Loftus, E. (1975). A spreading-activation theory of semantic memory. Psychological Review, 82, 407-428.
10. Cock, T. (1994). Domesticating a crisis: Washington newsbeats and international network news after the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait. In W. L. Bennett & D. L. Paletz (Eds.), Taken by storm: The media, public opinion, and U.S. foreign policy in the Gulf War (pp. 105-130). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
11. Erbring, L., Goldenberg, E. N., & Miller, A. H. (1980). Front-page news and real-world cues: A new look at agenda-setting by the media. American Journal of Political Science, 24, 16-49.
12. Greene, W. H. (1995). LIMDEP V7.0 user's manual and reference guide. New York: Econometric Software, Inc.
13. Hallin, D. C., & Gitlin, T. (1993). Agony and ritual: The Gulf War as popular culture and television drama. Political Communication, 10, 411-424.
14. Herbst, S. (1993). Numbered voices: How opinion polling has shaped American politics. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
15. Higgins, E. T, & King, G. (1981). Accessibility of social constructs: Information-processing consequences of individual and contextual variability. In N. Cantor & J. F. Kihlstrom (Eds.), Personality, cognition, and social interaction (pp. 69-121). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
16. Hilgartner, S., & Bosk, C. L. (1988). The rise and fall of social problems: A public arenas model. American Journal of Sociology, 94, 53-78.
17. Hsiao, C. (1986). Analysis of panel data. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
18. Iyengar, S., & Kinder, D. R. (1987). News that matters: Television and American opinion. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
19. Iyengar, S., Kinder, D. R., Peters, M. D., & Krosnick, J. A. (1984). The evening news and presidential evaluations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46, 778-787.
20. Iyengar, S., & Simon, A. (1993). News coverage of the Gulf Crisis and public opinion: A study of agenda-setting, priming, and framing. Communication Research, 20, 365-383.
21. Kagay, M. W. (1995). The evolving use of public opinion polls by the New York Times: The experience in the 1992 presidential election. In P. J. Lavrakas, M. W. Traugott, & P. V. Miller (Eds.), Presidential poll and the news media (pp. 143-192). Boulder, CO: Westview.
22. Kellner, D. (1992). The Persian Gulf TV war. Boulder, CO: Westview.
23. Krosnick, J. A., & Brannon, L. A. (1993). The impact of war on the ingredients of presidential evaluations: Multidimensional effects of political involvement. American Political Science Review, 87, 963-975.
24. Krosnick, J. A., & Kinder, D. R. (1990). Altering the foundations of support for the president through priming. American Political Science Review, 84, 497-512.
25. Lodge, M. (1995). Toward a procedural model of candidate evaluation. In M. Lodge & K. M. McGraw (Eds.), Political judgment: Structure and process (pp. 111-140). Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
26. McCombs, M. E., & Shaw, D. L. (1993). The evolution of agenda-setting research: Twenty-five years in the marketplace of ideas. Journal of Communication, 43, 58-67.
27. Meuller, J. E. (1994). Policy and opinion in the Gulf War. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
28. Miller, W. E., & National Election Studies. (1991a). American National Election Study, 1990: Post-election survey. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan, Center for Political Studies (Producer); Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research (Distributor).
29. Miller, W. E., & National Election Studies. (1991b). American National Election Study: 1990-1991 panel study of the political consequences of war/1991 pilot study. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan, Center for Political Studies (Producer); Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research (Distributor).
30. Miller, W. E., & National Election Studies. (1993). American National Election Study: 1992: Pre- and post-election survey. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan, Center for Political Studies (Producer); Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research (Distributor).
31. Nelson, M. (Ed.). (1993). The elections of 1992. Washington, DC: CQ Press.
32. Neuman, W.R.I. (1986). The paradox of mass politics: Knowledge and opinion in the American electorate. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
33. Pan, Z., & Kosicki, G. M. (1994). Voters' reasoning processes and the media influences during the Persian Gulf War. Political Behavior, 16, 117-156.
34. Quirk, P. J., & Dalager, J. K. (1993). The election: A "new Democrat" and a new kind of presidential campaign. In M. Nielson (Ed.), The elections of 1992 (pp. 57-88). Washington, DC: CQ Press.
35. Robinson, J. P., & Levy, M. R. (1986). The main source: Learning from television news. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
36. Smith, K. W., & Sasaki, M. S. (1979). Decreasing multicollinearity: A method for models with multiplicative functions. Sociological Methods & Research, 8, 35-56.
37. Tate, R. L. (1984). Limitations of centering for interactive models. Sociological Methods & Research, 13, 251-271.
38. Taylor, S. E., & Fiske, S. T. (1978). Salience, attention, and attribution: Top of the head phenomena. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 11, pp. 249-288). New York: Academic Books.
39. Wyer, R. S., Jr., & Srull, T. K. (1981). Category accessibility: Some theoretical and empirical issues concerning the processing of social stimulus information. In E. T. Higgins, C. P. Herman, & M. P. Zanna (Eds.), Social cognition: The Ontario symposium (Vol. 1, pp. 161-197). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
40. Zaller, J. R. (1992). The nature and origins of mass opinion. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
41. Zhu, J. (1992). Issue competition and attention distraction: A zero-sum theory of agenda-setting. Journalism Quarterly, 69, 825-836.