Don't ask, don't tell, don't explain: Unofficial sources and television coverage of the dispute over gays in the military

Political Communication

Volumn 14, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 83-96

  Steele, Janet E ^a  

^a NONE   (United States)

Author keywords

Framing; Gays In The Military; Homosexuals; Journalism; Keywords Expertise; Objectivity; Operational Bias; Television News; Unofficial Sources

Indexed keywords

EID: 0031489091     PISSN: 10584609     EISSN: 10917675     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/105846097199551     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Berube, Allan. (1990). Coming out under fire: The history of gay men and women in World. War II. New York: Free Press.
2. Bird, S. Elizabeth, & Dardenne, Robert W. (1988). Myth, chronicle, and story: Exploring the narrative qualities of news. In James W. Carey (Ed.), Media, myths, and narratives: Television and the press (pp. 67-86). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
3. Brown, Jane D., Bybee, Carl R., Wearden, Stanley T., & Straughan, Dulcie Murdock. (1987). Invisible power: News sources and the limits of diversity. Journalism Quarterly, 64, 45-54.
4. Butler, John Sibley. (1993). Homosexuals and the military establishment. Society, 31 (1), 13-21.
5. Carey, James W. (1975). A cultural approach to communication. Communication, 2, 1-22.
6. Chauncey, George, (1989). Christian brotherhood or sexual perversion: Homosexual identities and the construction of sexual boundaries in the World War I era. In M. B. Duberman, M. Vicinus, & G. Chauncey, (Eds.), Hidden from history: Reclaiming the gay and lesbian past (pp. 294-317). New York: New American Library.
7. Darnton, Robert. (1975). Writing news and telling stories. Daedalus, 104, 174-194.
8. Davis, Charles L. (1993). Lifting the gay ban. Society, 31 (1), 24-28.
9. Entman, Robert M. (1993). Framing: Toward clarification of a fractured paradigm. Journal of Communication, 43(4), 51-58.
10. Entman, Robert M., & Rojecki, Andrew. (1993). Freezing out the public: Elite and media framing of the US. anti-nuclear movement. Political Communication, 10(2), 155-173.
11. Gans, Herbert. (1979). Deciding what's news. New York: Pantheon.
12. Gates, Henry Louis, (1993, May 17). Backlash? New Yorker (pp. 42-44).
13. Gitlin, Todd. (1980). The whole world is watching: Mass media in the making and unmaking of the new left. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
14. Glasser, Theodore L. (1984, February). Objectivity precludes responsibility. Quill, 13-16.
15. Graber, Doris A. (1989). Mass media and American politics. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press.
16. Hackett, Robert M. (1984). Decline of a paradigm? Bias and objectivity in news media studies. Critical Studies in Mass Communication, 1 (3), 229-259.
17. Hallin, Daniel C., Manoff, Robert Karl, & Weddle, Judy K. (1993). Sourcing patterns of national security reporters. Journalism Quarterly, 70(4), 753-766.
18. Herek, George M. (1991). Stigma, prejudice, and violence against lesbians and gay men. In John C. Gonsiorek and James D. Weinrich (Eds.), Homosexuality: Research implications for public policy (pp. 60-80). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
19. Herek, George M. (1993). Sexual orientation and military service: A social science perspective. American Psychologist, 48(5), 538-549.
20. Iyengar, Shanto. (1991). Is anyone responsible? How television "frames" political issues Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
21. Iyengar, Shanto. (1993). News coverage of the Gulf crisis and public opinion: A study of agenda setting, priming, and framing. Communication Research, 20(3), 365-383.
22. Lippmann, Walter. (1922). Public opinion. Reprinted ed., 1991. New Brunswick, New Jersey: Transaction Publishers.
23. Moskos, Charles. (1993, Winter). From citizens' army to social laboratory. Wilson Quarterly, 83-94.
24. Page, Benjamin I., & Shapiro, Robert Y. (1992). The rational public: Fifty years of trends in Americans' policy preferences Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
25. Patterson, Thomas E. (1980). The mass media election: How Americans choose their president. New York: Praeger.
26. Pride, Richard A. (1995). How activists and media frame social problems: Critical events versus performance trends for schools. Political Communication, 12(1), 5-26.
27. Ranney, Austin. (1983). Channels of power: The impact of television on American politics. New York: Basic Books.
28. Rayside, David M. (1995). Gays in the military and the perils of U.S. legislative politics. Delivered at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association.
29. Rosen, Jay. (1994, November). Public journalism as a democratic art. Delivered at the American Press Institute.
30. Schudson, Michael. (1995). The power of news. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
31. Shilts, Randy. (1993). Conduct unbecoming: Lesbians and gays in the US. military Vietnam to the Persian Gulf. New York: St. Martin's Press.
32. Soley, Lawrence C. (1992a). The news shapers: The sources who shape the news. New York: Praeger.
33. Soley, Lawrence C. (1992b, June). The golden Rolodex. Quill, 22-26.
34. Steele, Janet (1992, July-August). TV's talking headaches. Columbia Journalism Review, 49-52.
35. Steele, Janet. (1995). Experts and the operational bias of television news: The case of the Persian Gulf War. Journalism Quarterly, 72(4), 799-812.
36. Tuchman, Gaye. (1971-1972). Objectivity as strategic ritual: An examination of newsmen's notions of objectivity. American Journal of Sociology, 77(4), 660-679.
37. Tuchman, Gaye. (1978). Making news: A study in the construction of reality. New York: Free Press.
38. Weaver, R. Kent. (1989). The changing world of think tanks. PS: Political Science and Politics, 563-578.
39. Whitney, D. Charles, Fritzler, Marilyn, Jones, Steven, Mazzarella, Sharon, & Rakow, Lana. (1989). Geographic and source biases in network television news 1982-1984. Journal of Broadcasting and Electronic Media, 33(2), 159-174.
40. Wolinsky, Marc, & Sherrill, Kenneth, (Eds.). (1993). Gays and the military. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
41. Zaller, John (1992). The nature and origins of mass opinion. New York: Cambridge University Press.