The moderation of distinctiveness-based illusory correlation: The impact of circadian variations and personal need for structure

Journal of Social Psychology

Volumn 137, Issue 4, 1997, Pages 514-526

  Gordon, Randall A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0031488714     PISSN: 00224545     EISSN: 19401183     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/00224549709595469     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Alloy, L. B., & Tabachnik, N. (1984). Assessment of covariation by humans and animals: The joint influence of prior expectations and current situational information. Psychological Review, 91, 112-149.
2. Baron, R. S., Burgess, M. L., Kao, C. F., & Logan, H. (1990, May). Fear and superficial social processing: Evidence of stereotyping and simplistic persuasion. Paper presented at the Midwestern Psychological Association Convention, Chicago, IL.
3. Baron, R. S., Inman, M. L., Kao, C. F., & Logan, H. (1992). Negative emotion and superficial social processing. Motivation and Emotion, 16, 323-346.
4. Bodenhausen, G. V. (1990). Stereotypes as judgmental heuristics: Evidence of circadian variations in discrimination. Psychological Science, 1, 319-322.
5. Chapman, L. J. (1967). Illusory correlation in observational report. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 6, 151-155.
6. Fiedler, K. (1991). The tricky nature of skewed frequency tables: An information loss account of distinctiveness-based illusory correlations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60, 26-36.
7. Fiedler, K., Russer, S., & Gramm, K. (1993). Illusory correlations and memory performance. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 29, 111-136.
8. Gordon, R. A. (1986). The effect of varying sources of distinctiveness on illusory correlation. Unpublished manuscript, Western Carolina University.
9. Guthrie, J. P., Ash, R. A., & Bendapudi, V. (1995). Additional validity evidence for a measure of momingness. Journal of Applied Psychology, 80, 186-190.
10. Hamilton, D. L. (1979). A cognitive-attributional analysis of stereotyping, L., Berkowitz (Ed.), Advances in experimental social psychology. San Diego: Academic Press.
11. Hamilton, D. L., Dugan, P. M., & Trolier, T. K. (1985). The formation of stereotypic beliefs: Further evidence for distinctiveness-based illusory correlation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48, 5-17.
12. Hamilton, D. L., & Gifford, R. K. (1976). Illusory correlation in interpersonal perception: A cognitive basis of stereotypic judgments. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 12, 392-407.
13. Hamilton, D. L., Stroessner, S. J., & Mackie, D. M. (1993). The influence of affect on stereotyping: The case of illusory correlations. In D. M. Mackie & D. L. Hamilton (Eds.), Affect, cognition, and stereotyping: Interactive processes in group perception (pp. 39-61). San Diego: Academic Press.
14. Hintzman, D. L. (1986). "Schema abstraction" in a multiple-trace memory model. Psychological Review, 93, 411-428.
15. Home, J. A., & Ostberg, O. (1976). A self assessment questionnaire to determine morn-ingness-eveningness in human circadian rhythms. International Journal of Chronobi-ology, 4, 97-110.
16. Johnson, C., & Mullen, B. (1993). The determinants of differential group evaluations in distinctiveness-based illusory correlation in stereotyping. British Journal of Social Psychology, 32, 253-263.
17. Johnson, C., & Mullen, B. (1994). Evidence for the accessibility of paired distinctiveness in distinctiveness-based illusory correlation in stereotyping. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 20, 65-70.
18. Kalfsbeek, J. L., & Gordon, R. A. (1993). The impact of encoding bias and attributional bias on the processing of stereotypic inconsistent information. Poster presented at the Midwestern Psychological Association Convention, Chicago, IL.
19. Kim, H., & Baron, R. S. (1988). Exercise and the illusory correlation: Does arousal heighten stereotypic processing? Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 24, 366-380.
20. McGarty, C., Haslam, S. A., Turner, J. C., & Oakes, P. J. (1993). Illusory correlation as accentuation of actual intercategory difference: Evidence for the effect with minimal stimulus information. European Journal of Social Psychology, 23, 391-411.
21. Moskowitz, G. B. (1993). Individual differences in social categorization: The influence of personal need for structure on spontaneous trait inferences. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65, 132-142.
22. Mullen, B., & Johnson, C. (1990). Distinctiveness-based illusory correlations and stereotyping: A meta-analytic integration. British Journal of Social Psychology, 29, 11-28.
23. Mutter, S. A., & Pliske, R. M. (1994). Aging and illusory correlation in judgments of cooccurrence. Psychology and Aging, 9, 53-63.
24. Neuberg, S. L., & Newson, J. T. (1993). Personal need for structure: Individual differences in the desire for simple structure. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65, 113-131.
25. Roman, R. J., Moskowitz, G. B., Stein, M. I., & Eisenberg, R. F. (1995). Individual differences in experiment participation: Structure, autonomy, and the time of the semester. Journal of Personality, 63, 113-138.
26. Sanbonmatsu, D. M., Shavitt, S., & Gibson, B. D. (1994). Salience, set size, and illusory correlation: Making moderate assumptions about extreme targets. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66, 1020-1033.
27. Schaller, M., Boyd, C., Yohannes, J., & O'Brien, M. (1995). The prejudiced personality revisited: Personal need for structure and the formation of erroneous group stereotypes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 68, 544-555.
28. Schneider, W. (1990). Micro experimental laboratory: An integrated system for IBM PC compatibles. [Computer program]. Pittsburgh, PA: Psychology Software Tools, Inc.
29. Smith, C. S., Reilly, C., & Midkiff, K. (1989). Evaluation of three circadian rhythm questionnaires with suggestions for an improved measure of momingness. Journal of Applied Psychology, 74, 728-738.
30. Smith, E. R. (1991). Illusory correlation in a simulated exemplar-based memory. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 27, 107-123.
31. Smittipatana, S., Posavac, S. S., Sanbonmatsu, D. M., & Shavitt, S. (1995, May). The role of set size and distinctiveness in illusory correlation. Poster presented at the Midwestern Psychological Association Convention, Chicago, IL.
32. Stroessner, S. J., Hamilton, D. L., & Mackie, D. M. (1992). Affect and stereotyping: the effect of induced mood on distinctiveness-based illusory correlations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 62, 564-576.
33. Thompson, M. M., Naccarato, M. E., & Parker, K. E. (1992). Measuring cognitive needs: The development and validation of the Personal Need for Structure (PNS) and Personal Fear of Invalidity (PFI) measures. Unpublished manuscript.
34. Tetlock, P. (1983). Accountability and the complexity of thought. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45, 74-83.
35. Winer, B. J. (1971). Statistical principles in experimental design. New York: McGraw-Hill.