Do soldiers hate peacekeeping? The case of preventive diplomacy operations in Macedonia

Armed Forces and Society

Volumn 23, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 415-450

  Miller, Laura L ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0031486528     PISSN: 0095327X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0095327x9702300306     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. For histories of UN peacekeeping, see James Burk, ed., The Military in New Times (Boulder: Westview Press, 1994); M. Marquis and S.N. Kirby, Reserve Accessions among Individuals with Prior Military Service (Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, Report R-3892-RA, October, 1989); B. Burright, D.W. Grissmer, and Z.D. Doering, A Model of Reenlistment Decisions of Army National Guardsmen, (Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, Report R-2866-MRAL, 1982).
2. Lakhani, Ibid.; H. Lakhani and S.S. Fugita, "Reserve/Guard Retention: Moonlighting or Patriotism?" Military Psychology, 5 (1993): 113-125.; P. Hogan and C. Villa, "Factors affecting Reenlistment in the Army Reserves: Evidence from the 1986 DOD Survey," in Military Compensation and Personnel Retention, eds. C. L Gilroy et al. (Alexandria, VA: US Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences, 1991); M. C. Regets, "Military Reserves as Compensated Leisure: A Peculiar Case of Labor Supply." Paper presented at the 65th Western Economic International Conference Meetings, San Diego, CA, July, 1990; William Durch, ed., The Evolution of UN Peacekeeping (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1993); M. Marquis and S.N. Kirby, Reserve Accessions among Individuals with Prior Military Service (Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, Report R-3892-RA, October, 1989); B. Burright, D.W. Grissmer, and Z.D. Doering, A Model of Reenlistment Decisions of Army National Guardsmen, (Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, Report R-2866-MRAL, 1982).
3. Lakhani, Ibid.; H. Lakhani and S.S. Fugita, "Reserve/Guard Retention: Moonlighting or Patriotism?" Military Psychology, 5 (1993): 113-125.; P. Hogan and C. Villa, "Factors affecting Reenlistment in the Army Reserves: Evidence from the 1986 DOD Survey," in Military Compensation and Personnel Retention, eds. C. L Gilroy et al. (Alexandria, VA: US Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences, 1991); M. C. Regets, "Military Reserves as Compensated Leisure: A Peculiar Case of Labor Supply." Paper presented at the 65th Western Economic International Conference Meetings, San Diego, CA, July, 1990; M. Marquis and S.N. Kirby, Reserve Accessions among Individuals with Prior Military Service (Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, Report R-3892-RA, October, 1989); Alan James, Peacekeeping in International Politics (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1990);
4. Lakhani, Ibid.; H. Lakhani and S.S. Fugita, "Reserve/Guard Retention: Moonlighting or Patriotism?" Military Psychology, 5 (1993): 113-125.; P. Hogan and C. Villa, "Factors affecting Reenlistment in the Army Reserves: Evidence from the 1986 DOD Survey," in Military Compensation and Personnel Retention, eds. C. L Gilroy et al. (Alexandria, VA: US Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences, 1991); M. C. Regets, "Military Reserves as Compensated Leisure: A Peculiar Case of Labor Supply." Paper presented at the 65th Western Economic International Conference Meetings, San Diego, CA, July, 1990; M. Marquis and S.N. Kirby, Reserve Accessions among Individuals with Prior Military Service (Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, Report R-3892-RA, October, 1989); B. Burright, D.W. Grissmer, and Z.D. Doering, A Model of Reenlistment Decisions of Army National Guardsmen, (Santa Monica, CA: RAND Corporation, Report R-2866-MRAL, 1982). Indar Jit Rikhye, The United Nations and Peacekeeping: Results. Limitations, and Prospects: The Lessons of 40 Years Experience (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1991);
5. and United Nations, Blue Helmets: A Review of United Nations Peace-keeping (United Nations Department of Public Information, 1990).
6. Charles Moskos, Peace Soldiers (University of Chicago Press, 1976), 139.
7. FYROM, pronounced "fye-rom" or "fee-rom," is the acronym used by most countries to represent the country's provisional name, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. I will use Macedonia, the nation's self-chosen name, in this article.
8. Paul BartoneOperation Able Sentry Soldier Debrief Survey, 6-502 Infantry, Battalion Commander Briefing, Berlin, Germany, 31 March 1994
9. Judith Stiehm, Peace-keeping: Men's and Women's Work? biannual meeting of the Inter-University Seminar on Armed Forces and Society, Baltimore, October 1995.
10. Adam Roberts, The Crisis in UN Peacekeeping Survival 36, 3 (1994): 93-120.
11. Alan James, Peacekeeping in the Post-Cold War EraInternational Journal L, 2 (1995): 241-265,
12. Morris Janowitz, The Professional Soldier (New York: The Free Press, 1960).
13. Ibid., 429.
14. Ibid., 420.
15. Ibid., 424-425.
16. Moskos, Peace Soldiers 13.
17. Ibid., 136.
18. Ibid., 134.
19. David R. Segal Mady Wechsler Segal, Peacekeepers and Their Wives (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1993)
20. Ibid., 46.
21. David R. Segal, Joseph C. Jones, and Angela Marie Manos, "Citizen Soldiers in the Sinai"; Alan James, Peacekeeping in International Politics (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1990); Indar Jit Rikhye, The United Nations and Peacekeeping: Results. Limitations, and Prospects: The Lessons of 40 Years Experience (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1991); and United Nations, Blue Helmets: A Review of United Nations Peace-keeping (United Nations Department of Public Information, 1990).
22. For histories of UN peacekeeping, see James Burk, ed., The Military in New Times (Boulder: Westview Press, 1994); William Durch, ed., The Evolution of UN Peacekeeping (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1993); David R. Segal and Ronald B. Tiggle, "Attitudes of Citizen-Soldiers Toward Military Missions in the Post-Cold War World"; Indar Jit Rikhye, The United Nations and Peacekeeping: Results. Limitations, and Prospects: The Lessons of 40 Years Experience (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1991); and United Nations, Blue Helmets: A Review of United Nations Peace-keeping (United Nations Department of Public Information, 1990).
23. For histories of UN peacekeeping, see James Burk, ed., The Military in New Times (Boulder: Westview Press, 1994); William Durch, ed., The Evolution of UN Peacekeeping (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1993); and David R. Segal, "Constabulary Attitudes of National Guard and Regular Soldiers in the U.S. Army." Papers presented to the biannual meeting of the Inter-University Seminar on Armed Forces and Society, Baltimore, October 1995. Indar Jit Rikhye, The United Nations and Peacekeeping: Results. Limitations, and Prospects: The Lessons of 40 Years Experience (New York: St. Martin's Press, 1991); and United Nations, Blue Helmets: A Review of United Nations Peace-keeping (United Nations Department of Public Information, 1990).
24. Comment made during presentation of the above data at the biannual meeting.
25. Laura L. Miller Charles Moskos, Humanitarians or Warriors? Race, Gender, and Combat Status in Operation Restore Hope, Armed Forces & Society 21, 4 (1995): 615-637.
26. Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia Handbook (DOD-2600-6408-93, 1993).
27. Ibid., 2-6.
28. Ibid., 2-7.
29. Boutros Boutros-Ghali, An Agenda for Peace 1995 (New York: United Nations, 1995). 45.
30. Ibid., 51.
31. Laura L. Miller, Gender Détente: Soldiers Managing Conflict in the U.S. Army(Ph.D. diss., Northwestern University, 1995).
32. Sokolsky, Great Ideals 278.
33. In Tables 6-9, both rotation and mission approval/disapproval were significant, even when controlled for one another.
34. Miller Moskos, Humanitarians or Warriors?
35. Bartone, Operation Able Sentry, 20.
36. Miller Moskos, Humanitarians or Warriors?
37. Segal, Peacekeepers and Their Wives.
38. Segal, Constabulary Attitudes.