Radical Islam and nonviolence: A case study of religious empowerment and constraint among Pashtuns

Journal of Peace Research

Volumn 34, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 53-71

  Johansen, Robert C ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0031480817     PISSN: 00223433     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0022343397034001005     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Ackerman, Peter & Christopher Kruegler, 1994. Strategic Nonviolent Conflict: The Dynamics of People Power in the Twentieth Century. Westport, CO: Praeger.
2. Ahmed, Akbar S., 1976. Millennium and Charisma Among Pathans. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
3. Barton, William, 1939. India's North-West Frontier. London: J. Murray.
4. Bondurant, Joan V., 1988. Conquest of Violence: The Gandhian Philosophy of Conflict. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
5. Boulding, Elise, 1992. 'The Concept of Peace Culture', pp. 107-133 in Asbjørn Eide, ed., Peace and Conflict Issues After the Cold War. Paris: UNESCO.
6. Caroe, Olaf, 1976. The Pathans: 550 B.C.-A.D. 1957. London: Oxford University Press.
7. Coatman, J., 1932. Years of Destiny 1926-1932. London: Jonathan Cape.
8. Collins, Larry & Dominique Lapierre, 1975. Freedom at Midnight. New York: Simon & Schuster.
9. Cooey, Paula; William Eakin & Jay McDaniel, eds, 1992. After Patriarchy: Feminist Transformations of the World Religions. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books.
10. Crooke, William, 1896. The Tribes and Castes of the North-Western Provinces of Oudh. Vol. 4. Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing.
11. Crow, Ralph E.; Philip Grant & Saad E. Ibrahim, eds, 1990. Arab Non-violent Political Struggle in the Middle East. Boulder, CO: Lynne Reinner.
12. Desai, Mahadev, 1930. Two Servants of God. Delhi: Hindustan Times Press.
13. Dupree, Louis, 1984. 'Pushtun', vol. 2, pp. 622-630 in Richard Weekes, ed., Muslim Peoples: A World Ethnographic Survey. Westport, CN: Greenwood.
14. Easwaran, Eknath, 1984. A Man to Match His Mountains: Badshah Khan Nonviolent Soldier of Islam. Petaluma, CA: Nilgiri.
15. Edib, Halide, 1937. Inside India. London: Allen & Unwin.
16. Esposito, John, 1992. The Islamic Threat: Myth or Reality? New York: Oxford University Press.
17. Fischer, Lois, 1950. The Life of Mahatma Gandhi. New York: Harper & Row.
18. Gandhi, Mohandas K., 1963. Collected Works of M. K. Gandhi, vols. 42-51. Delhi: Publications Division, Government of India.
19. Gandhi, Mohandas K; Ramachandra K. Prabhu & U. R. Rao, 1967. The Mind of Mahatma Gandhi. Ahmedabad: Navajivan Publishing House.
20. Haestrup, Jørgen, 1976-77. Secret Alliance: A Study of the Danish Resistance Movement, 1940-1945, vols 1-3. Trans. Alison Borch-Johnson. Odense, Denmark: Odense University Press.
21. Holst, Johan Jørgen, 1990. Civilian-based Defense in a New Era. Cambridge: Albert Einstein Institution Monograph Series no. 2.
22. Huntington, Samuel, P., 1993. 'If Not Civilizations, What?' Foreign Affairs, vol. 72, no. 5, November/December, pp. 186-194.
23. 'India,' 1994. Encyclopedia Britannica, vol. 21, pp. 99-100. Chicago, IL: Encyclopedia Britannica.
24. Johansen, Robert, 1980. The National Interest and the Human Interest: An Analysis of U.S. Foreign Policy. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
25. Juergensmeyer, Mark, 1993. 'Why Religious Nationalists are not Fundamentalists', Religion, vol. 23, no. 1, January, pp. 85-92.
26. Khan, Abdul Ghaffar, 1969. My Life and Struggle. Delhi: Hind Pocket Books.
27. Kaufman, Gordon, 1993. In Face of Mystery: A Constructive Theology. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
28. 'Khyber Pass', 1991. Encyclopedia Americana, vol. 16, pp. 425-426.
29. King, Sallie B., 1993. 'Thich Nhat Hanh and the Unified Buddhist Church: Nondualism in Action.' Harvard University, unpublished manuscript.
30. Korea, Muhammad Soaleh, 1993. The Frontier Gandhi: His Place in History. Karachi: Oxford University Press.
31. 'Pashtun', 1994. Encyclopedia Britannica, vol. 9, p. 181. Chicago, IL: Encyclopedia Britannica.
32. Pyarelal, Nayar, 1950. A Pilgrimage of Peace: Gandhi and Frontier Gandhi Among N.W.F. Pathans. Ahmedabad: Navajivan.
33. Pyarelal, Nayar, 1966. Thrown to the Wolves: Abdul Ghaffar. Calcutta: Eastlight Book House.
34. Roberts, Adam, 1969. Civilian Resistance as a National Defence. Harmondsworth: Penguin.
35. Roberts, Adam, 1991. Civil Resistance in the East European and Soviet Revolutions. Albert Einstein Monograph Series, vol. 4. Cambridge: Albert Einstein Monograph Series.
36. Said, Edward W., 1993. 'The Phony Islamic Threat', New York Times Magazine, 2 November 1993, pp. 62ff.
37. Sciolino, Elaine. 'The Red Menace Is Gone. But Here's Islam'. New York Times, 21 January 1996, E1.
38. Shahrani, M. Nazif, 1995. 'Afghanistan', vol. 1, pp. 27-32, in John L. Esposito, The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Modern Islamic World. New York: Oxford University Press.
39. Sharp, Gene, 1960. Gandhi Wields the Weapons of Moral Power: Three Case Histories. Ahmedabad: Navajivan Publishing House.
40. Sharp, Gene, 1973. The Politics of Nonviolent Action. Boston, MA: Porter Sargent.
41. Sharp, Gene, 1989. 'The Intifadah and Nonviolent Struggle', Journal of Palestine Studies, vol. 19, no. 1, Autumn, pp. 3-13.
42. Sharp, Gene, 1990. Civilian-Based Defense: A Post-Military Weapons System. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
43. Smith, Wilfred Cantwell, 1943. Modern Islam in India: A Social Analysis. Lahore: Minerva Book Shop.
44. Spain, James W., 1963. The Pathan Borderland. The Hague: Mouton.
45. Tendulkar, Dinanath G., 1951. Mahatma: Life of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi. Bombay: The Times of India Press.
46. Tendulkar, Dinanath G., 1967. Abdul Ghaffar Khan: Faith is a Battle. Bombay: Popular Prakashan.
47. Yunus, Mohammed, 1947. Frontier Speaks. Bombay: Hind Kitabs.