Limitation of human rights, land exclusion, and tribal extinction: The Agta Negritos of the Philippines

Human Organization

Volumn 56, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 79-90

  Headland, Thomas N ^a,b   Headland, Janet D ^a  

^a Graduate Institute of Applied Linguistics   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT ARLINGTON   (United States)

Author keywords

Agta; Community development; Competitive exclusion principle; Ethnocide; Philippines; Human rights; Negritos

Indexed keywords

AGTA NEGRITOS PEOPLE; DEVELOPING COUNTRY; ETHNICITY; HUMAN RIGHTS; HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS; INDIGENOUS PEOPLE; MINORITY GROUP; NEGRITO PEOPLE; SOCIAL IMPACT;

PHILIPPINES;

EID: 0031471254     PISSN: 00187259     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.17730/humo.56.1.k4875j7614437677     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Berkes, Fikret 1984 Competition between Commercial and Sport Fishermen: An Ecological Analysis. Human Ecology 12:413-429.
2. Bodley, John H. 1990 Victims of Progress. Third edition. Mountain View, California: Mayfield.
3. Burger, Julian 1987 Report from the Frontier: The State of the World's Indigenous Peoples. Cambridge, MA: Cultural Survival, and London: Zed.
4. Carneiro, Robert L. 1978 Political Expansion as an Expression of the Principle of Competitive Exclusion. In Origins of the State: The Anthropology of Political Evolution. Ronald Cohen and Elman R. Service, eds. Pp. 205-223. Philadelphia: Institute for the Study of Human Issues.
5. Casiguran Municipal Council 1923 Extract From the Minutes of the Regular Session Held by the Municipal Council of Casiguran on the 14th Day of July 1923. [Typescript, 2 pages, signed by Pedro C. Valencia, Municipal Secretary. Archived in the Manuel L. Quezon Papers, Series VII, Box 136, folder for 1922-23; in the Rare Books and Manuscripts Section, Filipiniana Division, National Library, Manila.]
6. Cortez, C. R. 1981 The Newly Found Tribe. [Published in 1981 in an undated 4-page published report of the Philippine Native Crusade (Rt. 2, Box 279, Bradenton, Florida 33505, and Box 121, Tuguegarao, Cagayan, Philippines).] 1994 "Masaker!" [Eng.: 'Massacre']. The Dawn: Balita sa Aurora [official newspaper of Aurora Province], Vol. 3, No. 35, January 17-23.
7. Cortez, C. R. 1981 The Newly Found Tribe. [Published in 1981 in an undated 4-page published report of the Philippine Native Crusade (Rt. 2, Box 279, Bradenton, Florida 33505, and Box 121, Tuguegarao, Cagayan, Philippines).] 1994 "Masaker!" [Eng.: 'Massacre']. The Dawn: Balita sa Aurora [official newspaper of Aurora Province], Vol. 3, No. 35, January 17-23.
8. Despres, Leo A. 1969 Differential Adaptations and Micro-Cultural Evolution in Guyana. Southwestern Journal of Anthropology 25:14-44.
9. Eder, James F. 1987 On the Road to Tribal Extinction. Berkeley: University of California Press.
10. Gardner, Peter M. 1982 Ascribed Austerity: A Tribal Path to Purity. Man 17:462-469.
11. Gause, G. F. 1934 The Struggle for Existence. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins.
12. Gomes, Alberto G. 1982 Ecological Adaptation and Population Change: Semang Foragers and Temuan Horticulturists in West Malaysia. East-West Environment and Policy Institute, Research Report No. 12. Honolulu: East-West Center.
13. Government Printing Office 1916 Report of the Philippine Commission. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office.
14. Governor General 1935 Executive Orders and Proclamations: Issued by the Governor-General During the Year 1934. Manila: Bureau of Printing.
15. Griffin, P. Bion 1991 Philippine Agta Forager-Serfs: Commodities and Exploitation. Senri Ethnological Studies 30:199-222.
16. Hardin, Garrett 1960 The Competitive Exclusion Principle. Science 131:1292-1297.
17. Hayden, Brian 1981 Subsistence and Ecological Adaptations of Modern Hunter/Gatherers. In Omnivorous Primates: Gathering and Hunting in Human Evolution. R. Harding and G. Teleki, eds. Pp. 344-421. New York: Columbia University Press.
18. Headland, Thomas N. 1984 Agta Negritos of the Philippines. Cultural Survival Quarterly 8(3):29-31. 1985 Imposed Values and Aid Rejection Among Casiguran Agta. In The Agta of Northeastern Luzon: Recent Studies. P. Bion Griffin and Agnes Estioko-Griffin, eds. Pp. 102-118. Cebu City, Philippines: University of San Carlos. 1986 Why Foragers Do Not Become Farmers: A Historical Study of a Changing Ecosystem and Its Effect on a Negrito Hunter-Gatherer Group in the Philippines. Ann Arbor: University Microfilms International. 1988 Why Foragers Do Not Become Farmers: The Competitive Exclusion Principle and the Persistence of the Professional Primitive. Article presented at the 12th International Congress of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences, Zagreb, Yugoslavia, July 24-31. 1989 Population Decline in a Philippine Negrito Hunter-Gatherer Society. American Journal of Human Biology 1:59-72.
19. Headland, Thomas N. 1984 Agta Negritos of the Philippines. Cultural Survival Quarterly 8(3):29-31. 1985 Imposed Values and Aid Rejection Among Casiguran Agta. In The Agta of Northeastern Luzon: Recent Studies. P. Bion Griffin and Agnes Estioko-Griffin, eds. Pp. 102-118. Cebu City, Philippines: University of San Carlos. 1986 Why Foragers Do Not Become Farmers: A Historical Study of a Changing Ecosystem and Its Effect on a Negrito Hunter-Gatherer Group in the Philippines. Ann Arbor: University Microfilms International. 1988 Why Foragers Do Not Become Farmers: The Competitive Exclusion Principle and the Persistence of the Professional Primitive. Article presented at the 12th International Congress of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences, Zagreb, Yugoslavia, July 24-31. 1989 Population Decline in a Philippine Negrito Hunter-Gatherer Society. American Journal of Human Biology 1:59-72.
20. Headland, Thomas N. 1984 Agta Negritos of the Philippines. Cultural Survival Quarterly 8(3):29-31. 1985 Imposed Values and Aid Rejection Among Casiguran Agta. In The Agta of Northeastern Luzon: Recent Studies. P. Bion Griffin and Agnes Estioko-Griffin, eds. Pp. 102-118. Cebu City, Philippines: University of San Carlos. 1986 Why Foragers Do Not Become Farmers: A Historical Study of a Changing Ecosystem and Its Effect on a Negrito Hunter-Gatherer Group in the Philippines. Ann Arbor: University Microfilms International. 1988 Why Foragers Do Not Become Farmers: The Competitive Exclusion Principle and the Persistence of the Professional Primitive. Article presented at the 12th International Congress of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences, Zagreb, Yugoslavia, July 24-31. 1989 Population Decline in a Philippine Negrito Hunter-Gatherer Society. American Journal of Human Biology 1:59-72.
21. Headland, Thomas N. 1984 Agta Negritos of the Philippines. Cultural Survival Quarterly 8(3):29-31. 1985 Imposed Values and Aid Rejection Among Casiguran Agta. In The Agta of Northeastern Luzon: Recent Studies. P. Bion Griffin and Agnes Estioko-Griffin, eds. Pp. 102-118. Cebu City, Philippines: University of San Carlos. 1986 Why Foragers Do Not Become Farmers: A Historical Study of a Changing Ecosystem and Its Effect on a Negrito Hunter-Gatherer Group in the Philippines. Ann Arbor: University Microfilms International. 1988 Why Foragers Do Not Become Farmers: The Competitive Exclusion Principle and the Persistence of the Professional Primitive. Article presented at the 12th International Congress of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences, Zagreb, Yugoslavia, July 24-31. 1989 Population Decline in a Philippine Negrito Hunter-Gatherer Society. American Journal of Human Biology 1:59-72.
22. Headland, Thomas N. 1984 Agta Negritos of the Philippines. Cultural Survival Quarterly 8(3):29-31. 1985 Imposed Values and Aid Rejection Among Casiguran Agta. In The Agta of Northeastern Luzon: Recent Studies. P. Bion Griffin and Agnes Estioko-Griffin, eds. Pp. 102-118. Cebu City, Philippines: University of San Carlos. 1986 Why Foragers Do Not Become Farmers: A Historical Study of a Changing Ecosystem and Its Effect on a Negrito Hunter-Gatherer Group in the Philippines. Ann Arbor: University Microfilms International. 1988 Why Foragers Do Not Become Farmers: The Competitive Exclusion Principle and the Persistence of the Professional Primitive. Article presented at the 12th International Congress of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences, Zagreb, Yugoslavia, July 24-31. 1989 Population Decline in a Philippine Negrito Hunter-Gatherer Society. American Journal of Human Biology 1:59-72.
23. Headland, Thomas N., and Lawrence A. Reid 1989 Hunter-Gatherers and Their Neighbors from Prehistory to the Present. Current Anthropology 30:43-66.
24. Kohler, Tim A. 1976 The Fourth Law of Thermodynamics in Cultural Evolution. Florida Journal of Anthropology 1(2):26-32.
25. Love, Thomas F. 1977 Ecological Niche Theory in Sociocultural Anthropology. American Ethnologist 4:27-41.
26. Lukban, Vicente 1914 Report del Gobernador de Tayabas Hon. Vicente Luckban [sic] al Secretario del Interior Hon. Winfred T. Denison Sombre [sic] Ia Cuestion de los Tribus Infieles en Dicha Provincia. In Ethnography of the Negrito-Aeta Peoples, Vol. 2, article No. 50, H. Otley Beyer (compiler), 1918. [Typescript, 13 pages. Manila; a microfilm collection of original sources.] Harvard University Microfilm Dept. Harvard order no. 65-60-38.
27. Lynch, Owen James 1982 Native Title, Private Right and Tribal Land Law: An Introductory Survey. Philippine Law Journal 57:268-306.
28. NAMRIA 1991 Report On Forest Cover Survey and Mapping of Aurora Province. Manila: National Mapping and Resource Information Authority.
29. Peacock, Nadine 1984 The Mbuti of Northeast Zaire. Cultural Survival Quarterly 8(2):15-17.
30. Peterson, Jean T. 1978a The Ecology of Social Boundaries: Agta Foragers of the Philippines. Urbana: University of Illinois Press. 1978b Hunter-gatherer/Farmer Exchange. American Anthropologist 80:335-351.
31. Peterson, Jean T. 1978a The Ecology of Social Boundaries: Agta Foragers of the Philippines. Urbana: University of Illinois Press. 1978b Hunter-gatherer/Farmer Exchange. American Anthropologist 80:335-351.
32. Quezon, Manuel L. 1939 Executive Orders and Proclamations: Issued by the Governor-General During the Year 1939. Manila: Bureau of Printing. Reprinted in Official Gazette 37(131):2719 (November 2, 1939).
33. Sahlins, Marshall D. 1972 Stone Age Economics. New York: Aldine.
34. Sanvictores, Jose G. 1923 [One page letter typed in English, addressed to the Secretary of the Interior, and signed by Sanvictores, Director of the Bureau of Non-Christian Tribes, in Manila, dated July 21, 1923. Original letter archived in the Manuel L. Quezon Papers, in the Rare Books and Manuscripts Room, Filipiniana Division, National Library (Manila), Box 163.]
35. Scott, William Henry 1991 Slavery in the Spanish Philippines. Manila: De la Salle University Press.
36. Sutton, David B., and N. Paul Harmon 1973 Ecology: Selected Concepts. New York: John Wiley and Sons.
37. Turnbull, Major Wilfrid 1930 Bringing a Wild Tribe under Government Control. Philippine Magazine 26(12):782-783, 794, 796, 798; 27(1):31-32, 36, 38, 40, 42; 27(2):90-91, 116-118, 120.
38. Turnbull, Major Wilfrid 1930 Bringing a Wild Tribe under Government Control. Philippine Magazine 26(12):782-783, 794, 796, 798; 27(1):31-32, 36, 38, 40, 42; 27(2):90-91, 116-118, 120.
39. Turnbull, Major Wilfrid 1930 Bringing a Wild Tribe under Government Control. Philippine Magazine 26(12):782-783, 794, 796, 798; 27(1):31-32, 36, 38, 40, 42; 27(2):90-91, 116-118, 120.
40. Updahyay, V.S. 1988 Retrieval from the Precipice Possible? A Case Study of Onge of Little Andamans (India). In Abstracts: 12th International Congress of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences, Vol. 12. Zagreb: Croatian Anthropological Society, University of Zagreb.
41. Vanoverbergh, Morice 1937-38 Negritos of Eastern Luzon. Anthropos 32:905-928, 33:119-164.
42. Vanoverbergh, Morice 1937-38 Negritos of Eastern Luzon. Anthropos 32:905-928, 33:119-164.
43. Whitney, Capt. F[rancis]. A. 1914 [Letter to the Provincial Governor of Nueva Vizcaya, dated March 15, 1914. Archived in the Dean C. Worcester Papers (Box 1, folder labeled "Correspondence, July-Sept 1914"). Michigan Historical Collections, University of Michigan, Bentley Historical Library, Ann Arbor, Michigan.]
44. Wolf, Eric R. 1982 Europe and the People without History. Berkeley: University of California Press.
45. Woodburn, James 1988 African Hunter-Gatherer Social Organization: Is It Best Understood as a Product of Encapsulation? In History, Evolution and Social Change. Tim Ingold, David Riches, and James Woodburn, eds. Pp. 31-64. London: Berg Publishers.
46. Worcester, Dean C. 1913a Slavery and Peonage in the Philippines. Manila: Bureau of Printing. 1913b Annual Report of the Secretary of the Interior: For the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 1913. Manila: Bureau of Printing.
47. Worcester, Dean C. 1913a Slavery and Peonage in the Philippines. Manila: Bureau of Printing. 1913b Annual Report of the Secretary of the Interior: For the Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 1913. Manila: Bureau of Printing.