Understanding the connection between mental illness and violence

International Journal of Law and Psychiatry

Volumn 20, Issue 4, 1997, Pages 399-417

  Hiday, Virginia Aldigé ^a  

^a NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AGGRESSION; COMORBIDITY; HUMAN; INTERVIEW; MENTAL DISEASE; REVIEW; SOCIAL INTERACTION; VIOLENCE;

EID: 0031469958     PISSN: 01602527     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0160-2527(97)00028-9     Document Type: Article

References (118)

1. Abram, K. M. (1989). The effect of co-occurring disorders on criminal careers: Interaction of antisocial personality, alcohol, and drug disorders. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 12, 133-148.
2. Abram, K. M. (1990). The problem of co-occurring disorders among jail detainees: Antisocial disorder, alcoholism, drug abuse, and depression. Law and Human Behavior, 14, 333-346.
3. Abram, K. M., & Teplin, L. A. (1991). Co-occurring disorders among mentally ill jail detainees: Implications for public policy. American Psychologist, 46, 1036-1045.
4. American Psychiatric Association (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed. Rev.). Washington, DC: Author.
5. Avison, W. R. (1993). Families in poverty: A stress process analysis of the psychosocial consequences. Paper presented to the Society for the Study of Social Problems, Miami Beach, FL.
6. Barker, P. R., Manderscheid, R. W., Hendershot, G. E., Jack, S. S., Schoenborn, C. A., & Goldstrom, I. (1992). Serious mental illness and disability in the adult household population: United States, 1989. Advance Data from Vital and Health Statistics, No. 218. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics.
7. Boyd, J. H., Burke, J. D., Gruenberg, E., Holzer, C. E., Rae, D. S., George, L. K., et al. (1984). Exclusion criteria of DSM-III: A study of co-occurrence of Hierarchy-free syndromes. Archives of General Psychiatry, 41, 983-989.
8. Bruce, M. L., Takeuchi, D. T., & Leaf, P. J. (1991). Poverty and psychiatric status: Longitudinal evidence from the New Haven epidemiologic catchment area study. Archives of General Psychiatry, 48, 470-474.
9. Bryer, J. B., Nelson, B. A., Miller, J. B. & Krol, P. A. (1987). Childhood sexual and physical abuse as factors in adult psychiatric illness. American Journal of Psychiatry, 144, 1423-1430.
10. Bushman, B. J., & Cooper, H. M. (1990). Effects of alcohol on human aggression: An integrative research review. Psychological Bulletin, 107, 341-354.
11. Cannon, T. D., & Marco, E. (1994). Structural brain abnormalities as indicators of vulnerability to schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 20, 89-102.
12. Cannon, T. D., Zorilla, L. E., Shtasel, D., Gur, R. E., Gur, R. C., Marco, E. J., et al. (1994). Neuropsychological functioning in siblings discordant for schizophrenia and healthy volunteers. Archives of General Psychiatry, 51, 651-661.
13. Carmen, E., Rieker, P., & Mills, T. (1984). Victims of violence and psychiatric illness. American Journal of Psychiatry, 141, 378-383.
14. Catalano, R. (1991). The health effects of economic insecurity: An analytic review. American Journal of Public Health, 81, 1148-1152.
15. Catalano, R., Dooley, D., Novaco, R. W., Wilson, G., & Hough, R. (1993). Using ECA survey data to examine the effect of job layoffs on violent behavior. Hospital and Community Psychiatry, 44, 874-879.
16. Cohen, C. I. (1993). Poverty and the course of schizophrenia: Implications for research and policy. Hospital and Community Psychiatry, 44, 951-958.
17. Collins, J. J., & Schlenger, W. E., (1988). Acute and chronic effects of alcohol use on violence. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 49, 516-521.
18. Collins, J. J., & Schlenger, W. E. (1983). The prevalence of psychiatric disorder among admissions to prison. Paper presented to the American Society of Criminology, Denver, CO.
19. Coté, G., & Hodgins, S. (1990). Co-occurring mental disorders among criminal offenders. Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry and Law, 18, 271-281.
20. Coté, G., & Hodgins, S. (1992). The prevalence of major mental disorders among homicide offenders. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 15, 89-99.
21. Csernansky, J. G., & Newcomer, J. W. (1994). Are there neurochemical indicators of risk for schizophrenia? Schizophrenia Bulletin, 20, 75-88.
22. Cuffel, B. J., Shumway, M., Chouljian, T. L., & MacDonald, T. (1994). A longitudinal study of substance use and community violence in schizophrenia. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 182, 704-708.
23. Dodge, K. A., Bates, J. E., & Pettit, G. S. (1990). Mechanisms in the cycle of violence. Science, 250, 1678-1683.
24. Dohrenwend, B. P. (1990). Socioeconomic status and psychiatric disorders: Are the issues still compelling? Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 25, 41-47.
25. Dohrenwend, B. P., Levav, I., Shrout, P. E., Schwartz, S., Naveh, G., Link, B. G., et al. (1992) Socioeconomic status and psychiatric disorders: The causation-selection issue. Science, 255, 946-952.
26. Drake, R. E., Osher, F. C., Noordsy, D. L., Hurlbut, S. C., Teague, G. B., & Beaudett, M. S. (1990). Diagnosis of alcohol use disorders in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 16, 57-67.
27. Edwards, J. G., & Reid, W. H. (1983). Violence in psychiatric facilities in Europe and the United States. In V. R. Lion & W. H. Ried (Eds.), Assaults within psychiatric facilities (pp. 131-142). New York: Grune & Stratton.
28. Eron, L. D., Gentry, J. H., & Schlegel, P. (1994). Reason to hope: A psychosocial perspective on violence and youth. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
29. Estroff, S. E., & Zimmer, C. (1994). Social networks, social support, and violence among persons with severe, persistent mental illness. In J. Monahan & H. J. Steadman (Eds.). Violence and mental disorder (pp. 269-295). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
30. Estroff, S. E., Zimmer, C., Lachicotte, W. S., & Benoit, J. (1994). The influence of social networks and social support on violence by persons with serious mental illness. Hospital and Community Psychiatry, 45, 669-679.
31. Fagan, J., & Brown, A. (1993). Violence between spouses and intimates: Physical aggression between women and men in intimate relationships. In A. J. Reiss & J. A. Roth (Eds.), Understanding and preventing violence (pp. 115-292). Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
32. Faris, R., & Dunham, W. (1939). Mental disorders in urban areas. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
33. Garmezy, N. (1991). Resilience in children's adaptation to negative life events and stressed environments. Pediatric Annals, 20, 1-6.
34. Gerbner, G., Gross, L., Morgan, M., & Signorielli, N. (1981). Health and medicine on television. New England Journal of Medicine, 305, 901-904.
35. Gorton, G., & Akhtar, S. (1990). The literature on personality disorders, 1985-88: Trends, issues, and controversies. Hospital and Community Psychiatry, 41, 39-51.
36. Gottlieb, P., Gabrielsen, G., & Kramp, P. (1987). Psychotic homicides in Copenhagen from 1959 to 1988. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 76, 285-292.
37. Green, M. F., Satz, P., & Christenson, C. (1994). Minor physical anomalies in schizophrenic patients, bipolar patients and their siblings. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 20, 433-440.
38. Grossman, L. S., Haywood, T. W., Cavanaugh, J. L., Davis, J., & Lewis, D. A. (1995). State psychiatric hospital patients with past arrests for violent crimes. Psychiatric Services, 46, 790-795.
39. Hafner, H., & Boker, W. (1982). Crimes of violence by mentally abnormal offenders (H. Marshall, Trans.). New York: Cambridge University Press.
40. Hare, R. D., & Hart, S. D. (1993). Psychopathy, mental disorder and crime. In S. Hodgins (Ed.), Mental disorder and crime (pp. 104-115). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
41. Hart, S. D., Hare, R. D., & Forth, A. E. (1994). Psychopathy as a risk marker for violence: Development and validation of a screening version of the revised psychopathy checklist. In J. Monahan & H. J. Steadman (Eds.) Violence and mental disorder (pp. 81-98). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
42. Hellerstein, D., Frosch, W., & Koenigsbert, H. W. (1987). The clinical significance of command hallucinations. American Journal of Psychiatry, 144, 219-221.
43. Hodgins, S. (1992). Mental disorder, intellectual deficiency, and crime: Evidence from a birth cohort. Archives of General Psychiatry, 49, 476-483.
44. Hodgins, S. (1993). Mental disorder and crime. London: Sage.
45. Holzer, C. E., Shea, B. M., Swanson, J. W., Leaf, P., Myers, J., George, L., et al. (1986). The increased risk for specific psychiatric disorders among persons of low socioeconomic status. American Journal of Social Psychiatry, 4, 259-271.
46. Jerrell, J. M., & Ridgely, M. S. (1995). Evaluating changes in symptoms and functioning of dually diagnosed clients in specialized treatment. Psychiatric Services, 46, 233-238.
47. Jordan, B. K., Schlenger, W. E., Fairbank, J. A., & Caddell, J. M. (1996). The prevalence of psychiatric disorder among incarcerated women: II. Convicted women felons entering prison. Archives of General Psychiatry, 53, 573-579.
48. Junginger, J. (1995). Command hallucinations and the prediction of dangerousness. Psychiatric Services, 46, 911-914.
49. Kay, S. R., Wolkenfeld, F., & Murrill, L. M. (1988). Profiles of aggression among psychiatric inpatients: II. Covariates and predictors. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 176, 547-557.
50. Kelty, S., Wender, P. S., Jacobson, B., Ingraham, L. J., Jansson, L., Faber, B., & Kinney, D. K. (1994). Mental illness in the biological and adoptive relatives of schizophrenic adoptees: Replication of the Copenhagen study in the rest of Denmark. Archives of General Psychiatry, 51, 422-455.
51. Kendler, K. S., & Silverman, J. M. (1991). Behavior genetics. In K. Davis, H. Klar, & J. T. Coyle (Eds.), Foundations of psychiatry (pp. 19-31). Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders.
52. Kessler, R. C. (1982). A disaggregation of the relationship between socioeconomic status and psychological distress. American Sociological Review, 47 752-764.
53. Kessler, R. C., & Magee, W. J. (1994). Childhood family violence and adult recurrent depression. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 35, 13-27.
54. Kessler, R. C., McGonagle, K. A., Zhao, S., Nelson, C. B., Hughes, M., Eshleman, S., et al. (1994). Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of DSM-III-R psychiatric disorders in the United States: Results from the national comorbidity survey. Archives of General Psychiatry, 51, 8-19.
55. Kohn, M. (1972). Class, family, and schizophrenia. Social Forces, 50, 295-302.
56. Lagos, J. M., Perlmutter, K., & Suefinger, H. (1977). Fear of the mentally ill: Empirical support for the common man's response. American Journal of Psychiatry, 134, 1134-1137.
57. Land, K. C., McCall, P. L., & Cohen, L. E. (1990). Structural covariates of homicide rates: Are there any invariances across time and social space? American Journal of Sociology, 95, 922-963.
58. Leighton, D. C., Harding, J. S., Macklin, D. B., MacMillan, A. M., & Leighton, A. H. (1963). The character of danger: Psychiatric symptoms in selected communities. New York: Basic Books.
59. Levinson, R. M., & Ramsey, G. (1979). Dangerousness, stress, and mental health evaluations. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 20, 178-187.
60. Lindqvist, P., & Allebeck, P. (1989). Schizophrenia and assaultive behavior: The role of alcohol and drug abuse. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 82, 191-195.
61. Link, B. G., & Stueve, A. (1994). Psychotic symptoms and the violent/illegal behavior of mental patients compared to community controls. In J. Monahan & H. J. Steadman (Eds.), Violence and mental disorder (pp. 137-159). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
62. Link, B. G. & Stueve, A., (1995). Evidence bearing on mental illness as a possible cause of violent behavior. Epidemiologic Reviews, 17, 1-9.
63. Link, B. G., & Stueve, A. (1996). Violence and mental disorder: An Israeli study (unpublished manuscript).
64. Link, B. G., Andrews, H., & Cullen, F. T. (1992). The violent and illegal behavior of mental patients reconsidered. American Sociological Review, 57, 275-292.
65. Link, B. G., Cullen F. T., Frank, J., & Wozniak, J. F. (1987). The social rejection of ex-mental patients: Understanding why labels matter. American Journal of Sociology, 92, 1461-1500.
66. Martin, M. B., Owen, C. M., & Morihisa, J. M. (1987). An overview of neurotransmitters and neuroreceptors. In R. E. Hales & S. C. Yudofsky (Eds.), Textbook of neuropsychiatry (pp. 55-85). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.
67. McLeod, J. D., & Shanahan, M. J. (1993). Poverty, parenting, and children's mental health. American Sociological Review, 58, 351-366.
68. McNiel, D. E. (1994). Hallucinations and violence. In J. Monahan & H. J. Steadman (Eds), Violence and mental disorder (pp. 183-202). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
69. McNiel, D. E., & Binder, R. L. (1986). Violence, civil commitment, and hospitalization. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 174, 107-111.
70. McNiel, D. E. & Binder, R. L. (1994). The relationship between acute psychiatric symptoms, diagnosis and short-term risk of violence. Hospital and Community Psychiatry, 145, 133-137.
71. McNiel, D. E., Myers, R. S., Zeiner, H. K., Wolfe, H. L., & Hatcher, C. (1992). American Journal of Psychiatry, 149, 207-212.
72. Mednick, S. A., Huttunen, M. O., & Machon, R. A. (1994). Prenatal influenza infections and adult schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 20, 263-267.
73. Mednick, S. A., Machon, R. A., Huttunen, M. O., & Bonett, D. (1988). Adult Schizophrenia: Following prenatal exposure to an influenza epidemic. Archives of General Psychiatry, 45, 189-192.
74. Miczek, K. A., DeBold, J. F., Haney, M., Tidey, J., Vivian, J., & Weerts, E. M. (1993). Alcohol, drugs of abuse, aggression and violence. In A. J. Reiss & J. A. Roth (Eds.), Understanding and preventing violence (pp. 37-62). Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
75. Mirowsky, J. (1985). Disorder and its context: Paranoid beliefs as thematic elements of thought problems, hallucinations, and delusions under threatening social conditions. In J. R. Greenley (Ed.), Research in community and mental health (Vol. 5, pp. 139-184). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
76. Mirowsky, J., & Ross, C. E. (1983). Paranoia and the structure of powerlessness. American Sociological Review, 48, 228-239.
77. Moldin, S. O. (1994). Indicators of liability to schizophrenia: Perspectives from genetic epidemiology. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 20, 169-184.
78. Monahan, J. (1992). Mental disorder and violent behavior: Perceptions and evidence. American Psychologist, 47, 511-521.
79. Mulvey, E. P., Gardner, W., Lidz, C. W., Graus, J., & Shaw, E. C. (1996). Symptomatology and violence among mental patients (Unpublished manuscript).
80. National Research Council (1993). Understanding and preventing violence. A. J. Reiss, Jr., & J. A. Roth (Eds.). Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
81. Nedopil, N. (1994). Violence of psychotic patients: How much responsibility can be attributed? Paper presented to the International Congress of Law and Mental Health, Montreal, Canada.
82. Novaco, R. W. (1994). Anger as a risk factor for violence among the mentally disordered. In J. Monahan & H. J. Steadman (Eds.), Violence and mental disorder (pp. 21-59). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
83. Patterson, E. B. (1991). Poverty, income, inequality, and community crime rates. Criminology, 29, 755-776.
84. Pearlin, L. I. (1989). The sociological study of stress. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 30, 241-256.
85. Pearlin, L. I., Lieberman, M. A., Menaghan, E. G., & Mullan, J. T. (1981). The stress process. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 22, 337-356.
86. Pihl, R. O., & Peterson, J. B. (1993). Alcohol/drug use and aggressive behavior. In S. Hodgins (Ed.), Mental disorder and crime (pp. 263-283). London: Sage.
87. Psychiatric News (1995). Violence among mentally ill found to be concentrated among those with comorbid substance abuse disorders. (December 1), 8.
88. Reiss, A. J., & Roth, J. A. (Eds.). (1993). Understanding and preventing violence. Washington, DC: National Academy Press.
89. Rice, M., & Harris, G. T., (1992). A comparison of criminal recidivism among schizophrenic and nonschizophrenic offenders. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 15, 397-408.
90. Rice, M., & Harris, G. T. (1995). Psychopathy, schizophrenia, alcohol abuse and violent recidivism. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 18, 333-342.
91. Robins, L. (1993). Childhood conduct problems, adult psychopathology, and crime. In S. Hodgins (Ed.), Mental disorder and crime (pp. 173-193). London: Sage.
92. Robbins L., Tipp, J., & Przybeck, T. (1991). Antisocial personality. In L. N. Robins & D. A. Regier (Eds.), Psychiatric disorders in America: The epidemiologic catchment area study (pp. 258-290). New York: Free Press.
93. Rodgers, R., Duncan, J. C., Lynett, E., & Sewell, K. W. (1994). Prototypical analysis of antisocial personality disorder. Law and Human Behavior, 18, 471-484.
94. Rose, S. M., Peabody, C. G., & Stratigeas, B. (1991). Undetected abuse among intensive case management clients. Hospital and Community Psychiatry, 42, 499-503.
95. Rosenberg, M. L., & Fenley, M. A. (1991). Violence in America: A public health approach. New York: Oxford University Press.
96. Sampson, R. J., & Lauritsen, J. L. (1993). Violent victimization and offending: Individual-, situational-, and community-level risk factors. In A. J. Reiss & J. A. Roth (Eds.), Understanding and preventing violence (Vol. 3, pp. 1-114). Washington, DC: National Academic Press.
97. Segal, S. P., Watson, M. A., Goldfinger, S. M., & Averbuck, D. S. (1988). Civil commitment in the psychiatric emergency room: II. Mental disorder indicators and three dangerousness criteria. Archives of General Psychiatry, 45, 753-758.
98. Seltzer, J. A., & Kalmuss, D. (1988). Socialization and stress explanations for spouse abuse. Social Forces, 67, 473-491.
99. Sheridan, M., Henrion, R., Robinson, L., & Baxter, V. (1990). Precipitants of violence in a psychiatric inpatient setting. Hospital and Community Psychiatry, 41, 776-780.
100. Skodol, A. E., & Karasu, T. B. (1980). Toward hospitalization criteria for violent patients. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 21, 162-166.
101. Srole, L., Langer, T., Michael, S., Opler, M., & Rennie, T. (1962). Mental health in the metropolis: The Midtown Manhattan study. New York: McGraw-Hill.
102. Steadman, H. J. (1982). A situational approach to violence. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 5, 171-186.
103. Steadman, H. J., & Ribner, S. A. (1982). Life stress and violence among ex-mental patients. Social Science and Medicine, 16, 1641-1647.
104. Straznickas, K. A., McNiel, D. E., & Binder, R. L. (1993). Violence toward family care givers by mentally ill relatives. Hospital and Community Psychiatry, 44, 385-387.
105. Swanson, J. W. (1993). Alcohol abuse, mental disorder, and assaultive behavior: An epidemiologic inquiry. Alcohol Health and Research World, 17, 123-132.
106. Swanson, J. W. (1994). Mental disorder, substance abuse, and community violence: An epidemiological approach. In J. Monahan & H. J. Steadman (Eds.), Violence and mental disorder (pp. 101-136). Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
107. Swanson, J. W., Holzer, C. E., Ganju, V. K., & Jono, R. T. (1990). Violence and psychiatric disorder in the community: Evidence from the epidemiologic catchment area surveys. Hospital and Community Psychiatry, 41, 761-770.
108. Swanson, J. W., Borum, R., Monahan, J., & Swartz, M. (1996). Psychotic symptoms and the risk of violent behavior: Evidence from the epidemiologic catchment area surveys. Criminal Behavior and Mental Health, 6, 317-338.
109. Swanson, J. W., Estroff, S., Swartz, M., Borum, R., Lachicotte, W., Zimmer, C., & Wagner, R. (1997). Violence and severe mental disorder in clinical and community populations: The effects of psychotic symptoms, comorbidity and lack of treatment. Psychiatry, 60, 1-22.
110. Taylor, P. J., Garety, P., Buchanan, A., Reed, A., Wessely, S., Ray, K., Dunn, G., & Grubin, D. (1994). Delusions and violence. In J. Monahan & H. J. Steadman (Eds.), Violence and Mental Disorder (pp. 161-182). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
111. Tedeschi, J. T., & Felson, R. B. (1994). Violence, aggression and coercive actions. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association.
112. Teplin, L. (1990). The prevalence of severe mental disorder among male urban jail detainees: Comparison with the epidemiologic catchment area program. American Journal of Public Health, 80, 663-669.
113. Teplin, L. A., Abram, K. M., & McClelland, G. M. (1996). The prevalence of psychiatric disorder among incarcerated women I: Pretrial detainees. Archives of General Psychiatry, 53, 505-512.
114. Torrey, E. F., Taylor, E. H., Bracha, H. S., Bowler, A. E., McNeil, T. F., Rawlings, R. R., Quinn, P. O., Bigelow, L. B., Rickler, K., Sjostrom, K., Higgins, E. S., and Gottesman, I. I. (1994). Prenatal origins of schizophrenia in a subgroup of discordant monozygotic twins. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 20, 423-432.
115. Wheaton, B. (1980). The sociogenesis of psychological disorder: An attributional theory. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 21, 100-124.
116. Widom, C. S. (1989). Does violence beget violence? A critical examination of the literature. Psychological Bulletin, 106, 3-28.
117. Winfield, I., George, L. K., Swartz, M., & Blazer, D. G. (1990). Sexual assault and psychiatric disorders among a community sample of women. American Journal of Psychiatry, 147, 335-341.
118. Yesavage, J. A., Becker, J. M. T., Werner, P. D., Patton, M. J., Seeman, K., Brunsting, D. W., & Mills, M. J. (1983). Family conflict, psychopathology, and dangerous behavior by schizophrenic inpatients. Psychiatry Research, 8, 271-280.