Facilitation and inhibition of the acoustic startle reflex in the rat after a momentary increase in background noise level

Behavioral Neuroscience

Volumn 111, Issue 6, 1997, Pages 1335-1352

  Ison, James R ^a   Taylor, Merritt K ^b   Bowen, G Peter ^b   Schwarzkopf, Steven B ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER   (United States)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DIAZEPAM;

ACOUSTIC REFLEX; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; AROUSAL; ARTICLE; AUDITORY STIMULATION; CONDITIONING; CONTROLLED STUDY; FACILITATION; NOISE; NONHUMAN; RAT; STARTLE REFLEX; STIMULUS RESPONSE; TASK PERFORMANCE; TIME PERCEPTION;

ACOUSTIC STIMULATION; ANIMALS; AROUSAL; DIAZEPAM; GABA MODULATORS; HYPNOTICS AND SEDATIVES; MALE; NEURAL CONDUCTION; NEURAL INHIBITION; NOISE; PSYCHOACOUSTICS; RATS; RATS, INBRED STRAINS; STARTLE REACTION; TIME FACTORS;

EID: 0031463730     PISSN: 07357044     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/0735-7044.111.6.1335     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Brown, J. S., Kalish, H I., & Farber, I. E. (1951). Conditioned fear as revealed by magnitude of startle response to an auditory stimulus. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 43, 317-328.
2. Buckland, G., Buckland, J., Jamieson, C., & Ison, J. R. (1969). Inhibition of the startle response to acoustic stimulation produced by visual prestimulation. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 67, 493-496.
3. Crofton, K. M., Dean, K. F., Sheets, L. P., & Peele, D. B. (1990). Evidence for an involvement of associative conditioning in reflex modification of the acoustic startle response with gaps in background noise. Psychobiology, 18, 467-474.
4. Davis, M. (1974). Signal-to-noise ratio as a predictor of startle amplitude and habituation in the rat. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 86, 812-825.
5. Davis, M. (1979). Diazepam and flurazepam: Effects on conditioned fear as measured with the potentiated startle paradigm. Psychopharmacology, 62, 1-7.
6. Davis, M., Falls, W. A., Campeau, S., & Kim, M. (1993). Fear-potentiated startle: A neural and pharmacological analysis. Behavioural Brain Research, 58, 175-198.
7. Davis, M., & Gendelman, P. M. (1977). Plasticity of the acoustic startle reflex in acutely decerebrate rats. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 91, 549-563.
8. Davis, M., & Wagner, A. R. (1968). Startle responsiveness after habilitation to different intensities of tone. Psychonomic Science, 12, 337-338.
9. Hack, M. H. (1971). Auditory intensity discrimination in the rat. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 74, 315-318.
10. Hammond, G. R., & Leitner, D. S. (1990). Augmentation of the rat's acoustic startle reflex by nonreflexogenic stimuli. Behavioral Neuroscience, 104, 841-848.
11. Henry, F. M. (1938). Audition in the while rat. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 26, 45-62.
12. Hoffman, H. S., Cohen, M. E., & Corso, C. (1984). Reflex modification during habituation of a startle response. Bulletin of the Psychonomic Society, 22, 574-576.
13. Hoffman, H. S., & Ison, J. R. (1980). Reflex modification in the domain of startle: I. Some empirical findings and their implications for how the nervous system processes sensory input. Psychological Reviews, 87, 175-189.
14. Hoffman, H. S., & Searle, J. L. (1965). Acoustic variables in the modification of startle reaction in the rat. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 60, 53-58.
15. Hoffman, H. S., & Searle, J. (1968). Acoustic and temporal factors in the evocation of startle. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 43, 269-282.
16. Ison, J. R. (1982). Temporal acuity in auditory function in the rat: Reflex inhibition by brief gaps in noise. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 96, 945-954.
17. Ison, J. R., Bowen, G. P., & Kellogg, C. K. (1991). Potentiation of acoustic startle behavior in the rat at the onset of darkness. Journal of Comparative Psychology, 105, 3-9.
18. Ison, J. R., Bowen, G. P., Taylor, M. K., & Zettel, M. (1993). Post-stimulus suppression revealed in inhibition of acoustic startle reflexes by noise offset. Abstracts of the Sixteenth Annual Midwinter Research Meeting of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology, 16, 52.
19. Ison, J. R., Foss, J. A., Falcone, P., Sakovits, L., Adelson, A. A., & Burton, R. I. (1986). Reflex modification: A melhod for assessing cutaneous dysfunction. Perception and Psychophysics, 40, 164-170.
20. Ison, J. R., Gutierrez, E., Agawal, P., Pak, J., & Vaughn, W. (1996). Reflex inhibition by partially filled gaps in developing and aged mice: Ontogenetic changes in processing efficiency not temporal ability or audibility. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts. 22, 1822.
21. Ison, J. R., & Hammond, G. R. (1971). Modification of the startle reflex in the rat by changes in the auditory and visual environments. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology. 75, 435-452.
22. Ison, J. R., McAdam, D. W., & Hammond, G. R. (1973). Latency and amplitude changes in the acoustic startle reaction produced by variation in auditory prestimulation. Physiology and Behavior. 10, 1035-1039.
23. Ison, J. R., O'Connor, K., Bowen, G. P., & Bocirnea, A. (1991). Temporal resolution of gaps in noise by the rat is lost with functional decortication. Behavioral Neuroscience, 105, 33-40.
24. Kellogg, C., Ison, J. R., & Miller, R. K. (1983). Auditory temporal resolution in rats: Effects of prenatal diazepam exposure. Psychopharmacology, 79, 332-337.
25. Kellogg, C. K., Shephard, A., Bitran, D., & Ison, J. R. (1991). Modulation of noise-potentiated acoustic startle via the benzodiazepine GABA-amino butyric acid receptor complex. Behavioral Neuroscience, 105, 640-646.
26. Koelega, H. S. (1989). Benzodiazepines and vigilance performance: A review. Psychopharmacology, 98, 145-156.
27. Lin, D. Y., Ison, J. R., Taylor, M. K., Bowen, G. P., & O'Neill, W. E. (1995). Temporal acuity for acoustic transients following auditory cortex lesions in rodents, in comparison to age effects. Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 21, 908.
28. Marsh, R., Hoffman, H. S., & Stitt, C. L. (1973). Temporal integration in the acoustic startle reflex of the rat. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 82, 507-511.
29. McCoy, L., Schwarzkopf, S. B., Barlow, J. A., & Ison, J. R. (1993). Enhancement of prepulse inhibition of startle on repeated testing: Implications for sensory gating research. Schizophrenia Research, 9, 163.
30. Moore, B. C. J. (1989). An introduction to the psychology of hearing (3rd ed.). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
31. Plomp, R. (1964). Rate of decay of auditory sensation. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 36, 277-282.
32. Reijmers, L. G., & Peelers, B. W. (1994). Effects of acoustic prepulses on the startle reflex in rats: A parametric analysis. Brain Research, 667, 144-150.
33. Rushworth, G. (1962). Observations on blink reflexes. Journal of Neurology. Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 25, 93-108.
34. Sanes, J. N. (1984). Voluntary movement and excitability of cutaneous eyeblink reflexes. Psychophysiology, 21, 653-664.
35. Sanes, J. N., & Ison, J. R. (1979). Conditioning auditory stimuli and the cutaneous eyeblink reflex in humans: Differential effects according to oligosynaptic or polysynaptic central pathways. Electrophysiology and Clinical Neurophysiology, 47, 546-555.
36. Schwartz, G., Hoffman, H. S., Stitt, C. L., & Marsh, R. (1976). Modification of the rat's acoustic startle response by antecedent visual stimulation. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 2, 28-37.
37. Stitt, C. L., Hoffman, H. S., & Marsh, R. R. (1973). Modification of the rat's startle reaction by the termination of antecedent acoustic signals. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 84, 207-215.
38. Syka, J., Rybalko, N., Brozek, G., & Jilek, M. (1996). Frequency and intensity difference limen in pigmented rats. Abstracts of the Nineteenth Annual Midwinter Research Meeting of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology, 19, 67.
39. Terman, M. (1970). Discriminating auditory intensities by rats. Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 13, 145-160.
40. Thompson, R. F., & Spencer, W. A. (1966). Habituation: A model phenomenon for the study of neuronal substrates of behavior. Psychological Review, 73, 16-43.
41. Wickesberg, R. E., & Oertel, D. (1990). Delayed frequency specific inhibition in the cochlear nucleus of mice: A mechanism for monaural echo suppression. Journal of Neuroscience. 10, 1762-1768.
42. Wilson, R. H., & Carhart, R. (1971). Forward and backward masking: Interactions and additivity. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 49, 1254-1263.
43. Wu, M.-F., Ison, J. R., Wecker, J. R., & Lapham, L. W. (1985). Cutaneous and auditory function in rats following methyl mercury poisoning. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 79, 377-388.
44. Wu, M. F., Krueger, J., Ison, J. R., & Gerrard, R. L. (1984). Startle reflex inhibition in the rat: Its persistence after extended repetition of the inhibitory stimulus. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 10, 221-228.