메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 22, Issue 6, 1997, Pages 623-633

Semantic factors in episodic recognition of common odors in early and late adulthood: A review

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

HUMAN; LONG TERM MEMORY; MEMORY; ODOR; OLFACTORY DISCRIMINATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RECOGNITION; REVIEW;

EID: 0031463573     PISSN: 0379864X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/chemse/22.6.623     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (102)

References (82)
  • 1
    • 18844463854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of visual and verbal interference tasks on olfactory memory: The role of task complexity
    • Annett, J.M. and Leslie, J.C. (1996) Effects of visual and verbal interference tasks on olfactory memory: the role of task complexity. Br. J. Psychol., 87, 447-460.
    • (1996) Br. J. Psychol. , vol.87 , pp. 447-460
    • Annett, J.M.1    Leslie, J.C.2
  • 2
    • 0029316912 scopus 로고
    • Interference with olfactory memory by visual and verbal tasks
    • Annett, J.M., McLaughlin Cook, N. and Leslie, J.C. (1995) Interference with olfactory memory by visual and verbal tasks. Percept. Motor Skills, 80, 1307-1317.
    • (1995) Percept. Motor Skills , vol.80 , pp. 1307-1317
    • Annett, J.M.1    McLaughlin Cook, N.2    Leslie, J.C.3
  • 3
    • 0026088661 scopus 로고
    • Recognition memory across the adult lifespan: The role of prior knowledge
    • Bäckman, L. (1991) Recognition memory across the adult lifespan: the role of prior knowledge. Mem. Cognit, 19, 63-71.
    • (1991) Mem. Cognit , vol.19 , pp. 63-71
    • Bäckman, L.1
  • 4
    • 0026629722 scopus 로고
    • Recall of organizable words and objects in adulthood: Influences of instructions, retention interval and retrieval cues
    • Bäckman, L. and Larsson, M. (1992) Recall of organizable words and objects in adulthood: influences of instructions, retention interval and retrieval cues. J. Gerontol., 47, 273-278.
    • (1992) J. Gerontol. , vol.47 , pp. 273-278
    • Bäckman, L.1    Larsson, M.2
  • 5
    • 0002384584 scopus 로고
    • The optimization of episodic remembering in old age
    • Baltes, P.B. and Baltes, M.M. (eds), Cambridge University Press, New York
    • Bäckman, L., Mäntylä, T. and Herlitz, A. (1990) The optimization of episodic remembering in old age. In Baltes, P.B. and Baltes, M.M. (eds), Successful Aging: Perspectives from the Behavioral Sciences. Cambridge University Press, New York, pp. 118-163.
    • (1990) Successful Aging: Perspectives from the Behavioral Sciences , pp. 118-163
    • Bäckman, L.1    Mäntylä, T.2    Herlitz, A.3
  • 6
    • 0003448445 scopus 로고
    • Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ
    • Baddeley, A. (1990) Human Memory. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ.
    • (1990) Human Memory
    • Baddeley, A.1
  • 7
    • 0017659448 scopus 로고
    • Remembering environmental sounds: The role of verbalization at input
    • Bartlett, J.C. (1977) Remembering environmental sounds: the role of verbalization at input. Mem. Cognit, 5, 404-414.
    • (1977) Mem. Cognit , vol.5 , pp. 404-414
    • Bartlett, J.C.1
  • 8
    • 0029171203 scopus 로고
    • A process-based view of memory
    • Blaxton, T.A. (1995) A process-based view of memory. J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc., 1, 112-114.
    • (1995) J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc. , vol.1 , pp. 112-114
    • Blaxton, T.A.1
  • 9
    • 0026129363 scopus 로고
    • A review of the tip-of-the-tongue experience
    • Brown, A.S. (1991) A review of the tip-of-the-tongue experience. Psychol. Bull., 109, 204-223.
    • (1991) Psychol. Bull. , vol.109 , pp. 204-223
    • Brown, A.S.1
  • 11
    • 0029937959 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Speed of processing as a mediator between age and free-recall performance
    • Bryan, J. and Luszcz, M.A. (1996) Speed of processing as a mediator between age and free-recall performance. Psychol. Aging, 11, 3-9.
    • (1996) Psychol. Aging , vol.11 , pp. 3-9
    • Bryan, J.1    Luszcz, M.A.2
  • 12
    • 0018395268 scopus 로고
    • To know with the nose: Keys to odor identification
    • Cain, W.S. (1979) To know with the nose: keys to odor identification. Science, 203, 467-470.
    • (1979) Science , vol.203 , pp. 467-470
    • Cain, W.S.1
  • 13
    • 0026163343 scopus 로고
    • Olfactory sensitivity: Reliability, generality and association with aging
    • Cain, W.S. and Gent, J.F. (1991) Olfactory sensitivity: reliability, generality and association with aging. J. Exp. Psychol., 17, 382-391.
    • (1991) J. Exp. Psychol. , vol.17 , pp. 382-391
    • Cain, W.S.1    Gent, J.F.2
  • 14
    • 0023634463 scopus 로고
    • Influence of aging on recognition memory for odors and graphic stimuli
    • Roper, S.D. and Atema, J. (eds)
    • Cain, W.S. and Murphy, C. (1987) Influence of aging on recognition memory for odors and graphic stimuli. In Roper, S.D. and Atema, J. (eds), Ol.faction and Taste IX. Ann. NY Acad. Sci., 510, 212-215.
    • (1987) Ol.faction and Taste IX. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. , vol.510 , pp. 212-215
    • Cain, W.S.1    Murphy, C.2
  • 15
    • 0030027264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Switch and bait: Probing the discriminative basis of odor identification via recognition memory
    • Cain, W.S. and Potts, B.C. (1996) Switch and bait: probing the discriminative basis of odor identification via recognition memory. Chem. Senses, 21, 35-44.
    • (1996) Chem. Senses , vol.21 , pp. 35-44
    • Cain, W.S.1    Potts, B.C.2
  • 16
    • 0002317392 scopus 로고
    • A neurolinguistic perspective of the study of olfaction
    • Serby, M.J. and Chobor, K.L. (eds), Springer Verlag, New York
    • Chobor, K.L. (1992) A neurolinguistic perspective of the study of olfaction. In Serby, M.J. and Chobor, K.L. (eds), Science of Olfaction. Springer Verlag, New York, pp. 355-376.
    • (1992) Science of Olfaction , pp. 355-376
    • Chobor, K.L.1
  • 17
    • 0019163156 scopus 로고
    • Preserved learning and retention of pattern-analyzing skill in amnesia: Dissociation of knowing how and knowing that
    • Cohen, N.J. and Squire, L.R. (1980) Preserved learning and retention of pattern-analyzing skill in amnesia: dissociation of knowing how and knowing that. Science, 210, 207-210.
    • (1980) Science , vol.210 , pp. 207-210
    • Cohen, N.J.1    Squire, L.R.2
  • 18
    • 0002433956 scopus 로고
    • Human memory
    • Craik, F.I.M. and Salthouse, T.A. (eds), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ
    • Craik, F.I.M. and Jennings, J.M. (1992) Human memory. In Craik, F.I.M. and Salthouse, T.A. (eds), The Handbook of Aging and Cognition. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ, pp. 51-110.
    • (1992) The Handbook of Aging and Cognition , pp. 51-110
    • Craik, F.I.M.1    Jennings, J.M.2
  • 19
    • 0023296304 scopus 로고
    • Patterns of memory loss in three elderly samples
    • Craik, F.I.M., Byrd, M. and Swanson, J.M. (1987) Patterns of memory loss in three elderly samples. Psychol. Aging, 2, 79-86.
    • (1987) Psychol. Aging , vol.2 , pp. 79-86
    • Craik, F.I.M.1    Byrd, M.2    Swanson, J.M.3
  • 20
    • 0347883257 scopus 로고
    • Levels of processing: A framework for memory reserach
    • Craik, F.I.M. and Lockhart, R.S. (1972) Levels of processing: a framework for memory reserach. J. Verb. Learn. Verb. Behav., 11, 671-684.
    • (1972) J. Verb. Learn. Verb. Behav. , vol.11 , pp. 671-684
    • Craik, F.I.M.1    Lockhart, R.S.2
  • 21
    • 0003015082 scopus 로고
    • Odor identification
    • Crowder, R.G. and Schab, F.R. (eds), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ
    • de Wijk, R.A., Schab, F.R. and Cain, W.S. (1995) Odor identification. In Crowder, R.G. and Schab, F.R. (eds), Memory for Odors. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ, pp. 21-37.
    • (1995) Memory for Odors , pp. 21-37
    • De Wijk, R.A.1    Schab, F.R.2    Cain, W.S.3
  • 22
    • 0002360315 scopus 로고
    • Psychophysical measurement of odor perception in humans
    • Laing, D.G., Doty, R.L. and Breipohl, W. (eds), Springer-Verlag, Berlin
    • Doty, R.L. (1992) Psychophysical measurement of odor perception in humans. In Laing, D.G., Doty, R.L. and Breipohl, W. (eds), The Human Sense of Smell. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, pp. 95-134.
    • (1992) The Human Sense of Smell , pp. 95-134
    • Doty, R.L.1
  • 23
    • 0021326210 scopus 로고
    • Development of the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test: A standardized microencapsulated test of olfactory function
    • Doty, R.L, Shaman, P. and Dann, M. (1984a) Development of the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test: a standardized microencapsulated test of olfactory function. Physiol. Behav., 32, 489-502.
    • (1984) Physiol. Behav. , vol.32 , pp. 489-502
    • Doty, R.L.1    Shaman, P.2    Dann, M.3
  • 25
    • 0000139481 scopus 로고
    • Internal consistency and short-term test-retest reliability of the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test
    • Doty, R.L., Newhouse, M.G. and Azzalina, J.D. (1985) Internal consistency and short-term test-retest reliability of the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test. Chem. Senses, 10, 297-300.
    • (1985) Chem. Senses , vol.10 , pp. 297-300
    • Doty, R.L.1    Newhouse, M.G.2    Azzalina, J.D.3
  • 26
    • 0024671592 scopus 로고
    • Internal consistency reliability of the fractioned and whole University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test
    • Doty, R.L., Frye, R.E. and Agrawal, U. (1989) Internal consistency reliability of the fractioned and whole University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test. Percept. Psychophys., 45, 381-384.
    • (1989) Percept. Psychophys. , vol.45 , pp. 381-384
    • Doty, R.L.1    Frye, R.E.2    Agrawal, U.3
  • 27
    • 84958856170 scopus 로고
    • Remembering odors and their names
    • Engen, T. (1987) Remembering odors and their names. Am. Scient., 75, 497-503.
    • (1987) Am. Scient. , vol.75 , pp. 497-503
    • Engen, T.1
  • 28
    • 0015711099 scopus 로고
    • Long-term memory of odors with and without verbal descriptions
    • Engen, T. and Ross, B.M. (1973) Long-term memory of odors with and without verbal descriptions. J. Exp. Psychol., 100, 221-227.
    • (1973) J. Exp. Psychol. , vol.100 , pp. 221-227
    • Engen, T.1    Ross, B.M.2
  • 29
    • 0006517361 scopus 로고
    • Differential effects of aging and age-related neurological diseases on memory subsystems of the human brain
    • Boller, F. and Grafman, J. (eds), Elsevier/North Holland, Amsterdam
    • Gabrieli, J.D.E. (1991) Differential effects of aging and age-related neurological diseases on memory subsystems of the human brain. In Boller, F. and Grafman, J. (eds), Handbook of Neuro-psychology. Elsevier/North Holland, Amsterdam.
    • (1991) Handbook of Neuro-psychology
    • Gabrieli, J.D.E.1
  • 30
    • 0029171199 scopus 로고
    • A systematic view of human memory processes
    • Gabrieli, J.D.E. (1995) A systematic view of human memory processes. J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc., 1, 115-118.
    • (1995) J. Int. Neuropsychol. Soc. , vol.1 , pp. 115-118
    • Gabrieli, J.D.E.1
  • 31
    • 0023767705 scopus 로고
    • Facilitation of free recall by categorical blocking depends on stimulus type
    • Gollin, E.S. and Sharps, M.J. (1988) Facilitation of free recall by categorical blocking depends on stimulus type. Mem. Cognit., 16, 539-544.
    • (1988) Mem. Cognit. , vol.16 , pp. 539-544
    • Gollin, E.S.1    Sharps, M.J.2
  • 32
    • 0022100186 scopus 로고
    • Implicit and explicit memory for new associations in normal and amnesic subjects
    • Graf, R and Schacter, D.L. (1985) Implicit and explicit memory for new associations in normal and amnesic subjects. J. Exp. Psychol., 11, 501-518.
    • (1985) J. Exp. Psychol. , vol.11 , pp. 501-518
    • Graf, R.1    Schacter, D.L.2
  • 33
    • 0000980442 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Odor memory: Review and analysis
    • Herz, R.S. and Engen, T. (1996) Odor memory: review and analysis. Psychon. Bull. Rev., 3, 300-313.
    • (1996) Psychon. Bull. Rev. , vol.3 , pp. 300-313
    • Herz, R.S.1    Engen, T.2
  • 34
    • 0025489702 scopus 로고
    • Ability correlates of memory performance in adulthood and aging
    • Hultsch, D.F., Hertzog, C. and Dixon, R.A. (1990) Ability correlates of memory performance in adulthood and aging. Psychol. Aging, 5, 356-368.
    • (1990) Psychol. Aging , vol.5 , pp. 356-368
    • Hultsch, D.F.1    Hertzog, C.2    Dixon, R.A.3
  • 35
    • 0027212776 scopus 로고
    • Cognitive performance in a high-functioning community-dwelling elderly population
    • Inouye, S.K., Albert, M.S., Mohs, R., Sun, K. and Berkman, L.F. (1993) Cognitive performance in a high-functioning community-dwelling elderly population. J. Gerontol., 48, M146-M151.
    • (1993) J. Gerontol. , vol.48
    • Inouye, S.K.1    Albert, M.S.2    Mohs, R.3    Sun, K.4    Berkman, L.F.5
  • 36
    • 48749149041 scopus 로고
    • Remembering the data: Analyzing interactive processes in reading
    • Jacoby, L.L. (1983) Remembering the data: analyzing interactive processes in reading. J. Verb. Learn. Verb. Behav, 22, 485-508.
    • (1983) J. Verb. Learn. Verb. Behav , vol.22 , pp. 485-508
    • Jacoby, L.L.1
  • 38
    • 0026749816 scopus 로고
    • Reaction time for the recognition of odor quality
    • Laing, D. and MacLeod, P. (1992) Reaction time for the recognition of odor quality. Chem. Senses, 17, 337-346.
    • (1992) Chem. Senses , vol.17 , pp. 337-346
    • Laing, D.1    MacLeod, P.2
  • 40
    • 0027748410 scopus 로고
    • Semantic activation and episodic odor recognition in young and older adults
    • Larsson, M. and Bäckman, L. (1993) Semantic activation and episodic odor recognition in young and older adults. Psychol. Aging, 8, 582-588.
    • (1993) Psychol. Aging , vol.8 , pp. 582-588
    • Larsson, M.1    Bäckman, L.2
  • 41
    • 0031135069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age-related differences in episodic odor recognition: The role of access to specific odor names
    • Larsson, M. and Bäckman, L. (1997a) Age-related differences in episodic odor recognition: the role of access to specific odor names. Memory, 5, 361-378.
    • (1997) Memory , vol.5 , pp. 361-378
    • Larsson, M.1    Bäckman, L.2
  • 42
    • 0345646341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modality memory across the adult lifespan: Evidence for selective age-related olfactory deficits
    • Larsson, M. and Bäckman, L. (1997b) Modality memory across the adult lifespan: evidence for selective age-related olfactory deficits. Exp. Aging. Res,
    • (1997) Exp. Aging. Res
    • Larsson, M.1    Bäckman, L.2
  • 43
  • 44
    • 0017437020 scopus 로고
    • Associations to odors: Interference, memories and verbal labeling
    • Lawless, H.T. and Engen, T. (1977) Associations to odors: interference, memories and verbal labeling. J. Exp. Psychol., 3, 52-59.
    • (1977) J. Exp. Psychol. , vol.3 , pp. 52-59
    • Lawless, H.T.1    Engen, T.2
  • 45
    • 0027532236 scopus 로고
    • Gender differences in long-term odor recognition memory: Verbal versus sensory influences and the consistency of label use
    • Lehrner, J.P. (1993) Gender differences in long-term odor recognition memory: verbal versus sensory influences and the consistency of label use. Chem. Senses, 18, 17-26.
    • (1993) Chem. Senses , vol.18 , pp. 17-26
    • Lehrner, J.P.1
  • 46
    • 0026085060 scopus 로고
    • Memory and aging: Four hypotheses in search of data
    • Light, L.L. (1991) Memory and aging: four hypotheses in search of data. Annu. Rev. Psychol., 42, 333-376.
    • (1991) Annu. Rev. Psychol. , vol.42 , pp. 333-376
    • Light, L.L.1
  • 47
    • 0023427623 scopus 로고
    • Implicit and explicit memory in young and older adults
    • Light, L.L. and Singh, A. (1987) Implicit and explicit memory in young and older adults. J. Exp. Psychol., 13, 531-541.
    • (1987) J. Exp. Psychol. , vol.13 , pp. 531-541
    • Light, L.L.1    Singh, A.2
  • 48
    • 0001707885 scopus 로고
    • Effects of encoding strategy on long-term memory for odors
    • Lyman, B.J. and McDaniel, M.A. (1986) Effects of encoding strategy on long-term memory for odors. Quart. J. Exp. Psychol., 38A, 753-765.
    • (1986) Quart. J. Exp. Psychol. , vol.38 A , pp. 753-765
    • Lyman, B.J.1    McDaniel, M.A.2
  • 49
    • 0347558002 scopus 로고
    • Memory for odors and odor names: Modalities of elaboration and imagery
    • Lyman, B.J. and McDaniel, M.A. (1990) Memory for odors and odor names: modalities of elaboration and imagery. J. Exp. Psychol., 16, 656-664.
    • (1990) J. Exp. Psychol. , vol.16 , pp. 656-664
    • Lyman, B.J.1    McDaniel, M.A.2
  • 50
    • 0006690996 scopus 로고
    • The effects of age, nasal airway resistance and nasal cytology on olfactory threshold for butanol
    • Murphy, C., Nunez, K., Withee, J. and Jalowayski, A.A. (1985) The effects of age, nasal airway resistance and nasal cytology on olfactory threshold for butanol. Chem. Senses, 10, 418.
    • (1985) Chem. Senses , vol.10 , pp. 418
    • Murphy, C.1    Nunez, K.2    Withee, J.3    Jalowayski, A.A.4
  • 51
    • 0026177822 scopus 로고
    • Sensory and semantic factors in recognition memory for odors and graphic stimuli: Elderly vs. young persons
    • Murphy, C., Cain, W.S., Gilmore, M.M. and Skinner, R.B. (1991) Sensory and semantic factors in recognition memory for odors and graphic stimuli: elderly vs. young persons. Am. J. Psychol., 104, 161-192.
    • (1991) Am. J. Psychol. , vol.104 , pp. 161-192
    • Murphy, C.1    Cain, W.S.2    Gilmore, M.M.3    Skinner, R.B.4
  • 52
    • 0000536471 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Classifying human long-term memory: Evidence from converging dissociations
    • Nyberg, L. and Tulving, E. (1996) Classifying human long-term memory: evidence from converging dissociations. Eur. J. Cognit. Psychol., 8, 163-183.
    • (1996) Eur. J. Cognit. Psychol. , vol.8 , pp. 163-183
    • Nyberg, L.1    Tulving, E.2
  • 53
    • 0029917446 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influences of intentionality at encoding and retrieval on memory in adulthood and old age
    • Olofsson, M. and Bäckman, L. (1996) Influences of intentionality at encoding and retrieval on memory in adulthood and old age. Aging. Clin. Exp. Res., 8, 42-46.
    • (1996) Aging. Clin. Exp. Res. , vol.8 , pp. 42-46
    • Olofsson, M.1    Bäckman, L.2
  • 54
    • 0002007344 scopus 로고
    • Implicit and explicit memory and the automatic/effortful distinction
    • Parkin, A.J. and Russo, R. (1990) Implicit and explicit memory and the automatic/effortful distinction. Eur. J. Cognit. Psychol., 2, 71-80.
    • (1990) Eur. J. Cognit. Psychol. , vol.2 , pp. 71-80
    • Parkin, A.J.1    Russo, R.2
  • 56
    • 0025425242 scopus 로고
    • Recognition and recall of odors: The effects of suppressing visual and verbal encoding processes
    • Perkins, J. and McLaughlin Cook, N. (1990) Recognition and recall of odors: the effects of suppressing visual and verbal encoding processes. Br. J. Psychol., 81, 221-226.
    • (1990) Br. J. Psychol. , vol.81 , pp. 221-226
    • Perkins, J.1    McLaughlin Cook, N.2
  • 57
    • 0021404028 scopus 로고
    • Odor recognition: Familiarity, identifiability and encoding consistency
    • Rabin, M.D. and Cain, W.S. (1984) Odor recognition: familiarity, identifiability and encoding consistency. J. Exp. Psychol., 10, 316-325.
    • (1984) J. Exp. Psychol. , vol.10 , pp. 316-325
    • Rabin, M.D.1    Cain, W.S.2
  • 58
    • 0024672030 scopus 로고
    • Cognition and olfaction: A review
    • Richardson, J.T.E. and Zucco, G. M. (1989) Cognition and olfaction: a review. Psychol. Bull., 105, 352-360.
    • (1989) Psychol. Bull. , vol.105 , pp. 352-360
    • Richardson, J.T.E.1    Zucco, G.M.2
  • 59
    • 0025486147 scopus 로고
    • Implicit memory: Retention without remembering
    • Roediger, H. L. (1990) Implicit memory: retention without remembering. Am. Psychol., 45, 1043-1056.
    • (1990) Am. Psychol. , vol.45 , pp. 1043-1056
    • Roediger, H.L.1
  • 60
    • 77956724059 scopus 로고
    • Semantic memory, priming and skill learning in Alzheimer's disease
    • Bäckman, L. (ed.), North-Holland, Amsterdam
    • Salmon, D., Heindel, W.C. and Butters, N. (1992) Semantic memory, priming and skill learning in Alzheimer's disease. In Bäckman, L. (ed.), Memory Functioning in Dementia. North-Holland, Amsterdam, pp. 99-118.
    • (1992) Memory Functioning in Dementia , pp. 99-118
    • Salmon, D.1    Heindel, W.C.2    Butters, N.3
  • 61
    • 0021804128 scopus 로고
    • Tests of the neural noise hypothesis of age-related cognitive change
    • Salthouse, T.A. and Lichty, W. (1985) Tests of the neural noise hypothesis of age-related cognitive change. J. Gerontol., 40, 443-450.
    • (1985) J. Gerontol. , vol.40 , pp. 443-450
    • Salthouse, T.A.1    Lichty, W.2
  • 62
    • 0028809677 scopus 로고
    • Aging, inhibition, working memory and speed
    • Salthouse, T.A. and Meinz, E.J. (1995) Aging, inhibition, working memory and speed. J. Gerontol., 50B, P297-P306.
    • (1995) J. Gerontol. , vol.50 B
    • Salthouse, T.A.1    Meinz, E.J.2
  • 63
    • 0026127659 scopus 로고
    • Odor memory: Taking stock
    • Schab, F.R. (1991) Odor memory: taking stock. Psychol. Bull., 2, 242-251.
    • (1991) Psychol. Bull. , vol.2 , pp. 242-251
    • Schab, F.R.1
  • 64
    • 0345214442 scopus 로고
    • Memory for odors
    • Laing, D.G., Doty, R.L. and Breipohl, W. (eds), Springer-Verlag, New York
    • Schab, F.R. and Cain, W.S. (1991) Memory for odors. In Laing, D.G., Doty, R.L. and Breipohl, W. (eds), The Human Sense of Smell. Springer-Verlag, New York, pp. 217-240.
    • (1991) The Human Sense of Smell , pp. 217-240
    • Schab, F.R.1    Cain, W.S.2
  • 65
    • 0002876886 scopus 로고
    • Odor recognition memory
    • Crowder, R.G. and Schab, F.R. (eds), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ
    • Schab, F.R. and Crowder, R.G. (1995a) Odor recognition memory. In Crowder, R.G. and Schab, F.R. (eds), Memory for Odors. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ, pp. 9-20.
    • (1995) Memory for Odors , pp. 9-20
    • Schab, F.R.1    Crowder, R.G.2
  • 66
    • 0002907418 scopus 로고
    • Implicit measures of odor memory
    • Crowder, R.G. and Schab, F.R. (eds), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ
    • Schab, F.R. and Crowder, R.G. (1995b) Implicit measures of odor memory. In Crowder, R.G. and Schab, F.R. (eds), Memory for Odors. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale, NJ, pp. 71-91.
    • (1995) Memory for Odors , pp. 71-91
    • Schab, F.R.1    Crowder, R.G.2
  • 67
    • 0019481417 scopus 로고
    • Odor identification in young and elderly persons: Sensory and cognitive limitations
    • Schemper, T., Voss, S. and Cain, W.S. (1981) Odor identification in young and elderly persons: sensory and cognitive limitations. J. Gerontol., 36, 446-452.
    • (1981) J. Gerontol. , vol.36 , pp. 446-452
    • Schemper, T.1    Voss, S.2    Cain, W.S.3
  • 68
    • 0022814519 scopus 로고
    • Priming effects in amnesia: Evidence for a dissociable memory function
    • Shimamura, A.P. (1986) Priming effects in amnesia: evidence for a dissociable memory function. Quart. J. Exp. Psychol., 38A, 619-644.
    • (1986) Quart. J. Exp. Psychol. , vol.38 A , pp. 619-644
    • Shimamura, A.P.1
  • 70
    • 0022778416 scopus 로고
    • Smelling via the mouth: Effect of aging
    • Stevens, J.C. and Cain, W.S. (1986) Smelling via the mouth: effect of aging. Percept. Psychophys., 40, 142-146.
    • (1986) Percept. Psychophys. , vol.40 , pp. 142-146
    • Stevens, J.C.1    Cain, W.S.2
  • 71
    • 0023296244 scopus 로고
    • Old-age deficits in the sense of smell as gauged by thresholds, magnitude matching and odor identification
    • Stevens, J.C. and Cain, W.S. (1987) Old-age deficits in the sense of smell as gauged by thresholds, magnitude matching and odor identification. Psychol. Aging, 2, 36-42.
    • (1987) Psychol. Aging , vol.2 , pp. 36-42
    • Stevens, J.C.1    Cain, W.S.2
  • 72
    • 0000358907 scopus 로고
    • Memory and identification of simulated odors in elderly and young persons
    • Stevens, J.C., Cain, W.S. and Demarque, A. (1990) Memory and identification of simulated odors in elderly and young persons. Bull. Psychon. Soc., 28, 293-296.
    • (1990) Bull. Psychon. Soc. , vol.28 , pp. 293-296
    • Stevens, J.C.1    Cain, W.S.2    Demarque, A.3
  • 73
    • 0000838862 scopus 로고
    • Episodic and semantic memory
    • Tulving, E. and Donaldson, W. (eds), Academic Press, New York
    • Tulving, E. (1972) Episodic and semantic memory. In Tulving, E. and Donaldson, W. (eds), Organization of Memory. Academic Press, New York, pp. 381-403.
    • (1972) Organization of Memory , pp. 381-403
    • Tulving, E.1
  • 75
    • 0001644568 scopus 로고
    • How many memory systems are there?
    • Tulving, E. (1985) How many memory systems are there? Am. Psychol., 40, 385-398.
    • (1985) Am. Psychol. , vol.40 , pp. 385-398
    • Tulving, E.1
  • 76
    • 0002061686 scopus 로고
    • Human Memory
    • Andersen, P., Hvalby, O., Paulsen, O. and Hökfelt, B. (eds), Elsevier Science Publishers
    • Tulving, E. (1993) Human Memory. InAndersen, P., Hvalby, O., Paulsen, O. and Hökfelt, B. (eds), Memory Concepts - 1993. Basic and Clinical Aspects. Elsevier Science Publishers, pp. 27-45.
    • (1993) Memory Concepts - 1993. Basic and Clinical Aspects , pp. 27-45
    • Tulving, E.1
  • 77
    • 0025181607 scopus 로고
    • Priming and human memory systems
    • Tulving, E. and Schacter, D.L. (1990) Priming and human memory systems. Science, 247, 301-306.
    • (1990) Science , vol.247 , pp. 301-306
    • Tulving, E.1    Schacter, D.L.2
  • 78
    • 0001106703 scopus 로고
    • Priming effects in word-fragment completion are independent of recognition memory
    • Tulving, E., Schacter, D.L. and Stark, H.A. (1982) Priming effects in word-fragment completion are independent of recognition memory. J. Exp. Psychol., 8, 336-342.
    • (1982) J. Exp. Psychol. , vol.8 , pp. 336-342
    • Tulving, E.1    Schacter, D.L.2    Stark, H.A.3
  • 79
    • 0021671460 scopus 로고
    • Interference and facilitation in short-term memory for odors
    • Walk, H.A. and Johns, E.E. (1984) Interference and facilitation in short-term memory for odors. Percept. Psychophys., 36, 508-514.
    • (1984) Percept. Psychophys. , vol.36 , pp. 508-514
    • Walk, H.A.1    Johns, E.E.2
  • 81
    • 0023628885 scopus 로고
    • Effects of age, stimulus selection and retrieval environment on odor identification
    • Wood, J.B. and Harkins, S.W. (1987) Effects of age, stimulus selection and retrieval environment on odor identification. J. Gerontol., 42, 584-588.
    • (1987) J. Gerontol. , vol.42 , pp. 584-588
    • Wood, J.B.1    Harkins, S.W.2
  • 82
    • 0027615828 scopus 로고
    • Individual differences in cross-sectional and 3 year longitudinal memory performance across the adult lifespan
    • Zelinski, E.M., Gilewski, M.J. and Schaie, K.W. (1993) Individual differences in cross-sectional and 3 year longitudinal memory performance across the adult lifespan. Psychol. Aging, 8, 176-186.
    • (1993) Psychol. Aging , vol.8 , pp. 176-186
    • Zelinski, E.M.1    Gilewski, M.J.2    Schaie, K.W.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.