The physiology of the endocrine system

International Anesthesiology Clinics

Volumn 35, Issue 4, 1997, Pages 1-21

  Lyons, Fionnuala M ^a   Meeran, Karim ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CORTICOTROPIN; GROWTH HORMONE; MINERALOCORTICOID; PARATHYROID HORMONE; RENIN;

ADRENAL CORTEX; ENDOCRINE SYSTEM; HORMONAL REGULATION; HORMONE ACTION; HORMONE DEFICIENCY; HORMONE RELEASE; HORMONE SYNTHESIS; HYPOPHYSIS ADENOMA; HYPOPITUITARISM; MULTIPLE ENDOCRINE NEOPLASIA; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REGULATORY MECHANISM; REVIEW;

EID: 0031453745     PISSN: 00205907     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/00004311-199703540-00002     Document Type: Review

References (53)

1. Toto KH. Endocrine physiology: a comprehensive review. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am 1994;6:637-659
2. Dawson KG. Endocrine physiology of electrolyte metabolism. Drugs 1984;28(Suppl 1):98-111
3. Sporn MB, Roberts AB. Autocrine, paracrine and endocrine mechanisms of growth control. Cancer Surv 1985;4:627-632
4. Petraglia F, Florio P, Nappi C, Genazzani AR. Peptide signaling in human placenta and membranes: autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine mechanisms. Endocr Rev 1996;17:156-186
5. Franchimont P, Gaspard U, Reuter A, Heynen G. Polymorphism of protein and polypeptide hormones. Clin Endocrinol Oxf 1972;1:315-336
6. Roth J, Ravazzola M, Bendayan M, Orci L. Application of the protein A-gold technique for electron microscopic demonstration of polypeptide hormones. Endocrinology 1981;108:247-253
7. Holst JJ, Bersani M, Johnsen AH, et al. Proglucagon processing in porcine and human pancreas. J Biol Chem 1994;269:18827-18833
8. Turton MD, O'Shea D, Gunn I, et al. A role for glucagon-like peptide-1 in the central regulation of feeding. Nature 1996;379:69-72
9. Thorne BA, Viveros OH, Thomas G. Expression and processing of mouse proopiomelanocortin in bovine adrenal chromaffin cells. A model system to study tissue-specific prohormone processing. J Biol Chem 1991;266:13607-13615
10. Nagasawa J, Douglas WW, Schulz RA. Ultrastructural evidence of secretion by exocytosis and of "synaptic vesicle" formation in posterior pituitary glands. Nature 1970;227:407-409
11. Douglas WW, Nagasawa J. Membrane vesiculation at sites of exocytosis in the neurohypophysis, adenohypophysis and adrenal medulla: a device for membrane conservation. J Physiol Lond 1971;218:94P-95P
12. Simpson ER. Cholesterol side-chain cleavage, cytochrome P450, and the control of steroidogenesis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 1979;13:213-227
13. Mesiano S, Coulter CL, Jaffe RB. Localization of cytochrome P450 cholesterol side-chain cleavage, cytochrome P450 17 alpha-hydroxylase/17, 20-lyase, and 3 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase isomerase steroidogenic enzymes in human and rhesus monkey fetal adrenal glands: reappraisal of functional zonation. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1993;77:1184-1189
14. Banks WA, Kastin AJ, Huang W, et al. Leptin enters the brain by a saturable system independent of insulin. Peptides 1996;17:305-311
15. Tomasi V, Koretz S, Ray TK, et al. Hormone action at the membrane level. II. The binding of epinephrine and glucagon to the rat liver plasma membrane. Biochim Bio phys Acta 1970;211:31-42
16. Segal J. Thyroid hormone action at the level of the plasma membrane. Thyroid 1990;1:83-87
17. Stewart PM, Sheppard MC. Novel aspects of hormone action: intracellular ligand supply and its control by a series of tissue specific enzymes. Mol Cell Endocrinol 1992;83:C13-C18
18. Farese RV. Calcium as an intracellular mediator of hormone action: intracellular phospholipid signaling systems. Am J Med Sci 1988;296:223-230
19. Miller DS, Sykes DB. Stimulation of protein synthesis by internalized insulin. J Cell Physiol 1991;147:487-494.
20. Friedman Y, Lang M, Burke G. Inhibition of thyroid adenylate cyclase by thyroid hormone: a possible locus for the "short-loop" negative feedback phenomenon. Endocrinology 1977;101:858-868
21. Milenkovic L, Parlow AF, McCann SM. Physiological significance of the negative short-loop feedback of prolactin. Neuroendocrinology 1990;52:389-392
22. Reed BC, Glasted K, Miller B. Direct comparison of the rates of internalization and degradation of covalent receptor-insulin complexes in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Internalization of occupied receptors is not the rate-limiting step in receptor-hormone complex degradation. J Biol Chem 1984;259:8134-8143
23. Schvartz I, Hazum E. Internalization and recycling of receptor-bound gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist in pituitary gonadotropes. J Biol Chem 1987;262:17046-17050
24. Clayton RN, Shakespear RA, Duncan JA, Marshall JC. Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone inactivation by purified pituitary plasma membranes: effects of receptor-binding studies. Endocrinology 1979;104:1484-1494
25. Skinner AM, Price DA, Addison GM, et al. The influence of age, size, pubertal status and renal factors on urinary growth hormone excretion in normal children and adolescents. Growth Regul 1992;2:156-160
26. Ammon HP, Reiber C, Verspohl EJ. Indirect evidence of short-loop negative feedback of insulin secretion in the rat. J Endocrinol 1991;128:27-34
27. Bermann M, Jaffe CA, Tsai W, et al. Negative feedback regulation of pulsatile growth hormone secretion by insulin-like growth factor I. Involvement of hypothalamic somatostatin. J Clin Invest 1994;94:138-145
28. Dahl GE, Evans NP, Thrun LA, Karsch FJ. A central negative feedback action of thyroid hormones on thyrotropin-releasing hormone secretion. Endocrinology 1994;135:2392-2397
29. Thomas SG, Clarke IJ. The positive feedback action of estrogen mobilizes LH-containing, but not FSH-containing secretory granules in ovine gonadotropes. Endocrinology 1997;138:1347-1350
30. Sugenoya A, Kobayashi S, Kasuga Y, et al. Evidence of intrathyroidal accumulation of TSH receptor antibody in Graves' disease. Acta Endocrinol Copenh 1992;126:416-418
31. Olefsky JM, Nolan JJ. Insulin resistance and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: cellular and molecular mechanisms. Am J Clin Nutr 1995;61:980S-986S
32. Vaidya P, Purandare BN. Testicular feminisation syndrome. J Postgrad Med 1970;16:197-204
33. Butler WR, Krey LC, Espinosa Compos J, Knobil E. Surgical disconnection of the medial basal hypothalamus and pituitary function in the rhesus monkey. III. Thyroxine secretion. Endocrinology 1975;96:1094-1098
34. Bevan JS, Adams CB, Burke CW, et al. Factors in the outcome of transsphenoidal surgery for prolactinoma and non-functioning pituitary tumour, including pre-operative bromocriptine therapy. Clin Endocrinol Oxf 1987;26:541-556
35. Lagerquist LG, Meikle AW, West CD, Tyler FH. Cushing's disease with cure by resection of a pituitary adenoma. Evidence against a primary hypothalamic defect. Am J Med 1974;57:826-830
36. Liddle GW, Givens JR, Nicholson WE, Island DP. The ectopic ACTH syndrome. Cancer Res 1965;25:1057-1061
37. Green JR, van't Hoff W. Cushing's syndrome with fluctuation due to adrenal adenoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1975;41:235-240
38. Oldfield EH, Doppman JL, Nieman LK, et al. Petrosal sinus sampling with and without corticotropin-releasing hormone for the differential diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome. N Engl J Med 1991;325:897-905
39. Jones SL, Trainer PJ, Perry L, et al. An audit of the insulin tolerance test in adult subjects in an acute investigation unit over one year [see comments]. Clin Endocrinol Oxf 1994;41:123-128
40. Schopohl J, Losa M, Konig A, et al. Combined pituitary function-test with four hypothalamic releasing hormones. Klin Wochenschr 1986;64:314-318
41. Pavord SR, Girach A, Price DE, et al. A retrospective audit of the combined pituitary function test, using the insulin stress test, TRH and GnRH in a district laboratory. Clin Endocrinol Oxf 1992;36:135-139
42. Frasier SD, Kutnik LA, Schmidt RT, Smith FG. A water deprivation test for the diagnosis of diabetes insipidus in children. Am J Dis Child 1967;114:157-160
43. Garg LC, Narang N. Effects of aldosterone on NEM-sensitive ATPase in rabbit nephron segments. Kidney Int 1988;34:13-17
44. Kenouch S, Lombes M, Delahaye F, et al. Human skin as target for aldosterone: coexpression of mineralocorticoid receptors and 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1994;79:1334-1341
45. Phoon RK, Tam SH, Brown MA, Whitworth JA. The role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in the regulation of blood pressure. Clin Exp Hypertens 1997;19:417-430
46. Bravo EL, Tarazi RC, Fouad FM, et al. Clonidine-suppression test: a useful aid in the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. N Engl J Med 1981;305:623-626
47. Lyons FM, Bew S, Sheeran P, Hall GM. Effects of clonidine on pituitary hormonal response to pelvic surgery. Br J Anaesth 1997;78:134-137
48. Horne T, Hawkins LA, Britton KE, et al. Imaging of phaeochromocytoma and adrenal medulla with 1231-meta-iodobenzyl guanidine. Nucl Med Commun 1984;5:763-768
49. Rennie D. Thyroid storm. JAMA 1997;277:1238-1243
50. Hodges S, O'Malley BP, Northover BN, et al. Reappraisal of thyroxine treatment in primary hypothyroidism. Arch Dis Child 1990;65:1129-1132
51. Baylink D, Stauffer M, Wergedal J, Rich C. Formation, mineralization, and resorption of bone in vitamin D-deficient rats. J Clin Invest 1970;49:1122-1134
52. Chapuy MC, Arlot ME, Duboeuf F, et al. Vitamin D3 and calcium to prevent hip fractures in the elderly women. N Engl J Med 1992;327:1637-1642.
53. Fournier A, Sebert JL. Calcitriol or calcium for postmenopausal osteoporosis. N Engl J Med 1992;327:284