Shifting the imbalance: The impact of structural adjustment on rural-urban population movements in northern Nigeria

Journal of Asian and African Studies

Volumn 32, Issue 1-2, 1997, Pages 81-92

  Meagher, Kate ^a  

^a AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY   (Nigeria)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

POPULATION MOVEMENT; RURAL-URBAN MIGRATION; STRUCTURAL ADJUSTMENT; URBAN BIAS;

NIGERIA;

EID: 0031446936     PISSN: 00219096     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/002190969703200107     Document Type: Article

References (49)

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2. T. Addison and L. Demery, "The Economics of Rural Poverty Alleviation," in: Structural Adjustment and Agriculture, ed. S. Commander (London: James Curry and Portsmouth: Heinemann, 1989), 81; D. Gai and Hewitt de Alcantara, "The Crisis of the 1980s in Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean: An Overview," in: The IMF and the South: The Social Impact of Crisis and Adjustment, ed. D. Ghai (London: Zed Books, 1991), 31.
3. T. Callaghy, "A Second Decade of Adjustment: Greater Complexity, Greater Uncertainty," in: Hemmed In: Responses to Africa's Economic Decline, ed. T. Callaghy and J. Ravenhill (New York: Columbia University Press, 1993); V. Jamal and J. Weeks, Africa Misunderstood (Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1993), 122; and K. Meagher and M.B. Yunusa, "Informalization and Its Discontents: Coping with Structural Adjustment in the Nigerian Urban Informal Sector" (UNRISD, 1993).
4. T. Callaghy, "A Second Decade of Adjustment: Greater Complexity, Greater Uncertainty," in: Hemmed In: Responses to Africa's Economic Decline, ed. T. Callaghy and J. Ravenhill (New York: Columbia University Press, 1993); V. Jamal and J. Weeks, Africa Misunderstood (Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1993), 122; and K. Meagher and M.B. Yunusa, "Informalization and Its Discontents: Coping with Structural Adjustment in the Nigerian Urban Informal Sector" (UNRISD, 1993).
5. T. Callaghy, "A Second Decade of Adjustment: Greater Complexity, Greater Uncertainty," in: Hemmed In: Responses to Africa's Economic Decline, ed. T. Callaghy and J. Ravenhill (New York: Columbia University Press, 1993); V. Jamal and J. Weeks, Africa Misunderstood (Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1993), 122; and K. Meagher and M.B. Yunusa, "Informalization and Its Discontents: Coping with Structural Adjustment in the Nigerian Urban Informal Sector" (UNRISD, 1993).
6. Jamal and Weeks, Africa Misunderstood, 4.
7. Paul Lubeck, "Islamic Protest and Oil-Based Capitalism: Agriculture, Rural Linkages, and Urban Popular Movements in Northern Nigeria," in: State, Oil and Agriculture in Nigeria, ed. Michael Watts (Berkeley: Institute of International Studies, University of California Press, 1987), 273; Michael Mortimore, Adapting to Drought: Farmers Famines and Decertification in West Africa (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989), 128-130.
8. Paul Lubeck, "Islamic Protest and Oil-Based Capitalism: Agriculture, Rural Linkages, and Urban Popular Movements in Northern Nigeria," in: State, Oil and Agriculture in Nigeria, ed. Michael Watts (Berkeley: Institute of International Studies, University of California Press, 1987), 273; Michael Mortimore, Adapting to Drought: Farmers Famines and Decertification in West Africa (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989), 128-130.
9. Michael Watts, Silent Violence: Food, Famine and Peasantry in Northern Nigeria (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1983), 358-360.
10. Mortimore, Adapting to Drought, 127.
11. Watts, Silent Violence, 75.
12. Mortimore, Adapting to Drought, 35.
13. Ibid., 195.
14. S.V. Sethuraman, The Urban Informal Sector in Developing Countries: Employment, Poverty and Environment (Geneva: ILO, 1981); and K. Meagher, with M.B. Yunusa, "Limits to Labour Absorption: Conceptual and Historical Background to Adjustment in Nigeria's Informal Sector," UNRISD Discussion Paper No. 28, December, 1991.
15. S.V. Sethuraman, The Urban Informal Sector in Developing Countries: Employment, Poverty and Environment (Geneva: ILO, 1981); and K. Meagher, with M.B. Yunusa, "Limits to Labour Absorption: Conceptual and Historical Background to Adjustment in Nigeria's Informal Sector," UNRISD Discussion Paper No. 28, December, 1991.
16. Lubeck, "Islamic Protest and Oil-Based Capitalism," 269, 281.
17. Meagher and Yanusa, "Limits to Labour Absorption."
18. J.S. Birks and C.A. Sinclair, "Education and Training for Skills and Income in the Urban Informal Sector in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Case of Ibadan, Nigeria" (ILO, IBRD, and OECD Research Report, January 1991), 47.
19. Jamal and Weeks, Africa Misunderstood, 131; Meagher and Yunusa, "Informalization."
20. Jamal and Weeks, Africa Misunderstood, 131; Meagher and Yunusa, "Informalization."
21. E. Dike, "Economic Development, Urban Labour Absorption and the Informal Sector in Nigeria" (1994, mimeographed), 26; Jamal and Weeks, Africa Misunderstood, 122.
22. E. Dike, "Economic Development, Urban Labour Absorption and the Informal Sector in Nigeria" (1994, mimeographed), 26; Jamal and Weeks, Africa Misunderstood, 122.
23. Meagher and Yunusa, "Informalization."
24. Sara Berry, "Coping with Confusion: African Farmers' Responses to Economic Instability in the 1970s and 1980s," in: Hemmed In, ed. Callaghy and J. Ravenhill, 251; Jamal and Weeks, Africa Misunderstood, 4.
25. Sara Berry, "Coping with Confusion: African Farmers' Responses to Economic Instability in the 1970s and 1980s," in: Hemmed In, ed. Callaghy and J. Ravenhill, 251; Jamal and Weeks, Africa Misunderstood, 4.
26. Berry, "Coping with Confusion," 264; K. Swindell and M.A. Iliya, "Accumulation, Consolidation and Survival: Non-Farm Incomes and Agrarian Change in Northwest Nigeria," Working Paper No. 6, Project on African Agriculture (New York: Social Science Research Council, 1992).
27. Berry, "Coping with Confusion," 264; K. Swindell and M.A. Iliya, "Accumulation, Consolidation and Survival: Non-Farm Incomes and Agrarian Change in Northwest Nigeria," Working Paper No. 6, Project on African Agriculture (New York: Social Science Research Council, 1992).
28. CBN/NISER, The Impact of SAP on Nigerian Agriculture and Rural Life, National Report, Vol. 1, 1992; K. Meagher," Regional Complementarities or Policy Disparities?: Cross-Border Trade and Food Security among Nigeria and Her Sahelian and Coastal Neighbours," in: West African Regional Economic Integration: Nigerian Policy Perspectives for the 1990s, ed. G.A. Obiozor (Lagos, Nigerian Institute of International Affairs, 1994).
29. CBN/NISER, The Impact of SAP on Nigerian Agriculture and Rural Life, National Report, Vol. 1, 1992; K. Meagher," Regional Complementarities or Policy Disparities?: Cross-Border Trade and Food Security among Nigeria and Her Sahelian and Coastal Neighbours," in: West African Regional Economic Integration: Nigerian Policy Perspectives for the 1990s, ed. G.A. Obiozor (Lagos, Nigerian Institute of International Affairs, 1994).
30. K. Meagher, "Parallel Trade and Powerless Places: Research Traditions and Local Realities in Rural Northern Nigeria," African Development 20, No. 2; P.J. Matlon, The Size Distribution, Structure, and Determinants of Personal Incomes among Farmers in the North of Nigeria (Ph.D. diss., Cornell University, 1977).
31. K. Meagher, "Parallel Trade and Powerless Places: Research Traditions and Local Realities in Rural Northern Nigeria," African Development 20, No. 2; P.J. Matlon, The Size Distribution, Structure, and Determinants of Personal Incomes among Farmers in the North of Nigeria (Ph.D. diss., Cornell University, 1977).
32. Berry, "Coping with Confusion," 251.
33. Jamal and Weeks, Africa Misunderstood, 127.
34. Addison and Demery, "Rural Poverty Alleviation," 81.
35. Jamal and Weeks, Africa Misunderstood, 124.
36. Berry, "Coping with Confusion," 269; Watts, Silent Violence, 509.
37. Berry, "Coping with Confusion," 269; Watts, Silent Violence, 509.
38. CBN/NISER, Impact of SAP; E. Dike, "Economic Development," 25; Jamal and Weeks, Africa Misunderstood, 118; Meagher and Yunusa, "Informalization."
39. CBN/NISER, Impact of SAP; E. Dike, "Economic Development," 25; Jamal and Weeks, Africa Misunderstood, 118; Meagher and Yunusa, "Informalization."
40. CBN/NISER, Impact of SAP; E. Dike, "Economic Development," 25; Jamal and Weeks, Africa Misunderstood, 118; Meagher and Yunusa, "Informalization."
41. CBN/NISER, Impact of SAP; E. Dike, "Economic Development," 25; Jamal and Weeks, Africa Misunderstood, 118; Meagher and Yunusa, "Informalization."
42. Jamal and Weeks, Africa Misunderstood, 124; Meagher and Yunusa, "Informalization."
43. Jamal and Weeks, Africa Misunderstood, 124; Meagher and Yunusa, "Informalization."
44. Meagher and Yunusa, "Informalization."
45. Jamal and Weeks, Africa Misunderstood, 127.
46. Meagher and Yunusa, "Informalization."
47. F. Okafor, "Population Pressure, Agricultural Change and Environmental Consequences in Southeastern Nigeria" in: African Agriculture: Crisis and Transformation, Working Paper No. 3, Social Science Research Council and American Council of Learned Societies, 1991.
48. J. Ravenhill, "Visions, Politics & Structures: Afro-Optimism, Afro-Pessimism or Realism?," in: Hemmed In, ed. Callaghy and Ravenhill, 36.
49. Jamal and Weeks, Africa Misunderstood, 123.