Dynamics of barotropic storm tracks

Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences

Volumn 54, Issue 7, 1997, Pages 791-810

  Swanson, Kyle L ^a   Kushner, Paul J ^a   Held, Isaac M ^b  

^a PRINCETON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b NOAA EARTH SYSTEM RESEARCH LABORATORY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERE; DYNAMICS; EDDY; MATHEMATICAL MODELING; WAVE PROPAGATION;

BAROTROPIC WAVE; JET STREAM; POTENTIAL VORTICITY; STORM TRACK; WAVE PROPAGATION;

EID: 0031446745     PISSN: 00224928     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0469(1997)054<0791:DOBST>2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Andrews, D. G., and M. E. McIntyre, 1978: An exact theory of nonlinear waves on a Lagrangian-mean flow. J. Fluid Mech., 89, 609-646.
2. Arnol'd, V. I., 1966: On an a priori estimate in the theory of hydrodynamical stability (in Russian). Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Matematica, 54, 3-5.
3. Bretherton, F. P., and C. J. R. Garrett, 1968: Wave trains in inhomogeneous moving media. Proc. Roy. Soc. London, Ser. A, 302, 529-554.
4. Dickinson, R. E., 1968: Planetary Rossby waves propagating vertically through weak westerly wind waveguides. J. Atmos. Sci., 25, 984-1002.
5. Dole, R. M., 1986: Persistent anomalies of the extratropical Northern Hemisphere wintertime circulation: Structure. Mon. Wea. Rev., 114, 178-207.
6. Drazin, P. G., and W. H. Reid, 1981: Hydrodynamic Stability. Cambridge University Press, 527 pp.
7. Dritschel, D. G., 1988: Contour surgery: A topological reconnection scheme for extended integrations using contour dynamics. J. Comput. Phys., 77, 240-266.
8. _, 1989a: Contour dynamics and contour surgery: Numerical algorithms for extended, high-resolution modeling of vortex dynamics in two-dimensional, inviscid, incompressible flows. Comput. Phys. Rep., 10, 77-146.
9. _, 1989b: On the stabilization of a two-dimensional vortex strip by adverse shear. J. Fluid Mech., 206, 193-221.
10. Grimshaw, R., 1984: Wave action and wave-mean flow interaction, with application to stratified shear flows. Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech., 16, 11-44.
11. Hoskins, B. J., and P. J. Valdes, 1990: On the existence of storm-tracks. J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 1854-1864.
12. _, and T. Ambrizzi, 1993: Rossby wave propagation on a realistic longitudinally varying flow. J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 1661-1671.
13. _, M. E. McIntyre, and A. W. Robertson, 1985: On the use and significance of isentropic potential vorticity maps. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 111, 877-946.
14. Killworth, P. D., and M. E. McIntyre, 1985: Do Rossby-wave critical layers absorb, reflect, or over-reflect? J. Fluid Mech., 161, 449-492.
15. Lau, N.-C., 1988: Variability of the observed midlatitude storm tracks in relation to low-frequency changes in the circulation pattern. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 2718-2743.
16. Lee, S., 1995: Localized storm tracks in the absence of local instability. J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 977-989.
17. McIntyre, M. E., and T. G. Shepherd, 1987: An exact local conservation theorem for finite-amplitude disturbances to non-parallel shear flows, with remarks on Hamiltonian structure and on Arnold's stability theorems. J. Fluid Mech., 181, 527-565.
18. Mullen, S. L., 1987: Transient eddy forcing of blocking flows. J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 3-22.
19. Nakamura, H., and J. M. Wallace, 1993: Synoptic behavior of baroclinic eddies during the blocking onset. Mon. Wea. Rev., 121, 1892-1903.
20. Nakamura, M., and R. A. Plumb, 1994: The effects of flow asymmetry on the direction of Rossby wave breaking. J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 2031-2045.
21. Pedlosky, J., 1987: Geophysical Fluid Dynamics. 2d ed. Springer-Verlag, 710 pp.
22. Pierrehumbert, R. T., 1980: A family of steady, translating vortex pairs with distributed vorticity. J. Fluid Mech., 99, 129-144.
23. Pieters, D., and W. D. Waugh, 1996: Influence of barotropic shear on the poleward advection of upper-tropospheric air. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 3013-3031.
24. Polvani, L. M., and R. A. Plumb, 1992: Rossby wave breaking, filamentation, and secondary vortex formation: The dynamics of a perturbed vortex. J. Atmos. Sci., 49, 462-476.
25. _, G. R. Flierl, and N. J. Zabusky, 1989: Filamentation of unstable vortex structures via separatrix crossing: A quantitative estimate of onset time. Phys. Fluids A, 1, 181-184.
26. Shepherd, T. G., 1988: Rigorous bounds on the nonlinear saturation of instabilities to parallel shear flows. J. Fluid Mech., 196, 291-322.
27. Wallace, J. M., and M. L. Blackmon, 1983: Observations of low-frequency atmospheric variability. Large Scale Dynamical Processes in the Atmosphere, B. J. Hoskins and R. Pearce, Eds., Academic Press, 55-94.
28. Warn, T., and Warn, H., 1978: Evolution of a nonlinear critical level. Stud. Appl. Math., 59, 37-71.
29. Waugh, D. W., L. M. Polvani, and R. A. Plumb, 1994: Nonlinear, barotropic response to a localized topographic forcing: Formation of a "tropical surf zone" and its effect on interhemispheric propagation. J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 1401-1416.
30. Whitham, G. B., 1965: A general approach to linear and non-linear dispersive waves using a Lagrangian. J. Fluid Mech., 22, 273-283.