Hyperinsulinemia, circadian variation of blood pressure and end-organ damage in hypertension

Journal of Nephrology

Volumn 10, Issue 6, 1997, Pages 325-333

  Bianchi, Stefano ^a   Bigazzi, Roberto ^a   Nenci, Riccardo ^a   Campese, Vito M ^b,c  

^a Spedali Riuniti   (Italy)

^b UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^c LAC USC MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Ambulatory blood pressure; Carotid artery thickness; Hypertension; Insulin; Microalbuminuria

Indexed keywords

ALBUMIN; APOLIPOPROTEIN A; APOLIPOPROTEIN B; CHOLESTEROL; GLUCOSE; HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; INSULIN; LIPOPROTEIN A; TRIACYLGLYCEROL;

ADULT; AMBULATORY MONITORING; ARTERY DIAMETER; ARTICLE; BLOOD PRESSURE MONITORING; CAROTID ARTERY; CIRCADIAN RHYTHM; CONTROLLED STUDY; CREATININE CLEARANCE; ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION; FEMALE; HUMAN; HYPERINSULINEMIA; INSULIN RELEASE; LIPID BLOOD LEVEL; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; PROTEINURIA;

ADULT; ALBUMINURIA; BLOOD PRESSURE; CAROTID ARTERIES; CIRCADIAN RHYTHM; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYPERINSULINISM; HYPERTENSION; MALE; MIDDLE AGED;

EID: 0031443955     PISSN: 11218428     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (83)

1. Welborn TA, Breckenbridge A, Dollery CT, Rubinstein AH, Russell Fraser T. Serum insulin in essential hypertension and in peripheral vascular disease. Lancet 1966; i: 1336-7.
2. Modan M, Halkin H, Almog S, et al. Hyperinsulinemia: a link between hypertension, obesity and glucose intolerance. J Clin Invest 1985; 75: 809-17.
3. Berglund G, Larsson B, Anderson O, Larsson O, Svardsudd K, Bjorntorp P, Wichelmsen L. Body composition and glucose metabolism in hypertensive middle-aged male. Acta Med Scand 1976; 200: 163-9.
4. Parillo M, Coulston A, Hollenbeck C, Reaven GM. Effect of a low fat diet on carbohydrate metabolism in patients with essential hypertension. Hypertension 1988; 11: 244-8.
5. Singer P, Godicke W, Voigt S, Hajdu I, Weiss M. Post-prandial hyperinsulinemia in patients with mild essential hypertension. Hypertension 1985; 7: 182-6.
6. Swislocki AL, Hoffman BB, Reaven GM. Insulin resistance, glucose intolerance and hyperinsulinemia in patients with hypertension. Am J Hypertens 1989; 2: 419-23.
7. Ferrari P, Weidmann P, Shaw S, et al. Altered insulin sensitivity, hyperinsulinemia, and dyslipidemia in individuals with a hypertensive parent. Am J Med 1991; 91: 589-96.
8. Grunfeld B, Balzareti M, Romo M, Gimenez M, Gutman R. Hyperinsulinemia in normotensive offspring of hypertensive parents. Hypertension 1994; 231 (Suppl I): 112-115.
9. Ohno Y, Suzuki H, Yamakawa H, Nakamura, Otsuka K, Saruta T. Impared insulin sensitivity in young, lean normotensive offspring of essential hypertensives: possible role of disturbed calcium metabolism. J Hypertens 1993; 11: 421-6.
10. Pollare TG, Lithell H, Berne C. Insulin resistance is a characteristic feature of primary hypertension independent of obesity. Metabolism 1990; 39: 167-74.
11. Ferrarini E, Buzzigoli G, Bonadonna R, et al. Insulin resistence in essential hypertension. N Eng J Med 1987; 317: 350-7.
12. Jarrett RJ. In defense of insulin: a critique of syndrome X. Lancet 1992; 340: 469-71.
13. Saad MF, Lillioja S, Nyomba B, et al. Racial differences in the relation between blood pressure and insulin resistance. N Engl J Med 1991; 324: 733-9.
14. Dowse GK, Collins VR, ALberti KGMM, et al. Insulin and blood pressure levels are not independently related in Mauritians of Asian Indian, Creole or Chinese origin. J Hypertens 1993; 11: 297-307.
15. Mbanya JC, Thomas TH, Wilkinson R, Alberti KGMM, Taylor R. Hypertension and hyperinsulinemia: a relation in diabetes but not in essential hypertension. Lancet 1988; i: 733-44.
16. Nilsson PM, Lind L, Andersson PE, Hanni A, Berne C, Baron J, Lithell HO. On the use of ambulatory blood pressure recordings and insulin sensitivity measurements in support of the insulin-hypertension hypothesis. J Hypertens 1994; 12: 965-9.
17. Nizet A, Lefebvre P, Crabbe J. Control by insulin of sodium, potassium, and water excretion by the isolated dog kidney. Pflugers Arch 1971; 323: 11-20.
18. DeFronzo RA, Cooke CR, Andres R, Faloona GR, David PJ. The effect of insulin on renal handling of sodium, potassium, calcium, and phosphate in man. J Clin Invest 1975; 55: 845-55.
19. DeFronzo RA, Goldberg M, Agus ZS. The effects of glucose and insulin on renal electrolyte transport. J Clin Invest 1976; 58: 85-90.
20. Landsberg L, Young JB. Insulin-mediated glucose metabolism in the relationship between dietary intake and sympathetic nervous system activity. Int Obes 1985; 9: 63-8.
21. Christensen NJ, Gundersen HJG, Hegedus L, et al. Acute effects of insulin on plasma noradrenaline and the cardiovascular system. Metabolism 1980; 29: 1138-45.
22. Rowe JW, Young JB, Minaker KL, Stevens AL, Pallotta J, Landsberg L. Effect of insulin and glucose infusions on sumpathetic nervous system activity in normal man. Diabetes 1981; 30: 219-25.
23. Sauter A, Goldstein M, Ueta K. Effect of insulin on central catecholamines. Brain Res 1983; 260: 330-3.
24. Liang CS, Doherty JU, Faillace R, et al. Insulin infusion in conscious dogs. Effects on systemic and coronary hemodyanamics, regional blood flows, and plasma catecholamines. J Clin Invest 1982; 69: 1321-36.
25. 2+ concentration in isolated rat adipocytes. Diabetes 1987; 6: 174-8.
26. Barbagallo M, Gupta RK, Resnick LM. Independent effects of hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia on intracellular sodium in normal human red cells. Am J Hypertens 1990; 6: 264-7.
27. Zavaroni I, Bonora E, Pagliara M, et al. Risk factors for coronary artery disease in healthy persons with hyperinsulinemia and normal glucose torerance. N Engl J Med 1989; 320: 702-6.
28. Fuller JH, Shipley MJ, Rose G, Jarrett RJ, Keen H. Coronary heart disease risk and impaired glucose tolerance. The Whitehall study. Lancet 1980; 1: 1373-6.
29. Eschwege E, Richard JL, Thibult N, et al. Coronary heart disease mortality in relation with diabetes, blood glucose and plasma insulin levels. The Paris prospective study, ten years later. Horm Metab Res 1985; 15 (Suppl): 41-6.
30. Stern MP, Haffner SM. Body fat distribution and hyperinsulinemia as risk factors for diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Arterioscelrosis 1986; 6: 123-30.
31. Reaven GM. Role of insulin resistance in human disease. Diabetes 1988; 37: 1495-1507.
32. Kannell WB, Wolf PA, Castelli WP, D'agostini RB. Fibrinogen and risk of cardiovascular disease. JAMA 1987; 258: 1183-6.
33. Landkin K, Tengborn L, Smith U. Elevated fibrinogen and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) in hypertension are realted to metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular disease. J Intern Med 1990; 60: 491-4.
34. Bianchi S, Bigazzi R, Valtriani C, et al. Elevated serum insulin levels in patients with essential hypertension and micoralbuminuria. Hypertension 1994; 23 [part 1]: 681-7.
35. Uustitupa M, Siitenen O, Pyorala K, et al. Relationship of blood pressure and left ventricular mass to serum insulin levels in newly diagnosed non-insulin dependent (type 2) diabetic patients and in non-diabetic subjects. Diabetes Res 1987; 4: 19-25.
36. Stout RW, Bierman EL, Ross R. Effects of insulin on the proliferation of cultured primate arterial smooth muscle cells. Circ Res 1975; 36: 319-27.
37. Bianchi S, Bigazzi R, Baldari G, Campese VM. Microalbuminuria in patients with essential hypertension. Effects of an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor and a calcium channel blocker. Am J Hypertens 1991; 4: 291-6.
38. Pickering TG, Harshfield GA, Kleinen HD, Blank S, Laragh JH. Blood pressure during normal daily activities, sleep, and excercise. JAMA 1982; 247: 992-6.
39. Mancia G, Ferrari A, Gregorini L, Parati G, Pomidossi G, Bertinieri G, Grassi G, di Rienzo M, Pedotti A, Zanchetti A. Blood pressure and heart rate variabilities in normotensive and hypertensive human beings. Circ Res 1983; 53: 96-104.
40. National High Blood Pressure Education Program Coordinating Committee: National High Blood Pressure Education Program working group report on ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Arch Intern Med 1990; 150: 2270-80.
41. O'Brien E, Sheridan J, O'Mally K. Dippers and non dippers. Lancet 1988; 2: 397.
42. Devereux RB, Waber B, Roman MJ. Conclusion on the measurement of arterial wall thickness: anatomic, physiologic and methodological considerations? J Hypertens 1992; 10 (Suppl 6): S119-S121.
43. Watts GF, Bennett JE, Rowe DJ, et al. Assessment of immunochemical methods for determining low concentration of albumin in urine. Clin Chem 1986; 32: 1544-8.
44. Silver A, Dawnay A, Landon J, Catteli WR. Immonoassays for low concentrations of albumin in urine. Clin Chem 1986; 32: 1303-6.
45. Friedewald WT, Levy R, Fredrickson DS. Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in plasma without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clin Chem 1972; 18: 499-502.
46. Haffner SM, Bowsher RR, Mykkanen L, et al. Proinsulin and specific insulin concentration in high and low risk populations for non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus. Diabetes 1994; 43: 1490-3.
47. Allison DB, Paultre F, Maggio C, Mezzitis N, Pi-Sunyer FX. The use of areas under curves in diabetes research. Diabetes Care 1995; 18: 245-50.
48. Hollenbeck CB, Chen N, Chen Y-Di, Reaven GM. Relationship between the plasma insulin response to oral glucose and insulin-stimulated glucose utilization in normal subjects. Diabetes 1984; 33: 460-3.
49. Heiberger RM, Becker RA. Design of an S function for robust regression using iteratively reweighted least squares. J Comp Graph Stat 1992; 3: 181-196.
50. Marigliano A, Tedde R, Sechi LA, Pala A, Pisanu G, Pacifico A. Insulinemia and blood pressure. Relationships in patients with primary and secondary hypertension, and with or without glucose metabolism impairment. Am J Hypertens 1990; 3: 521-6.
51. Shamiss A, Carroll J, Rosenthal T. Insulin resistance in secondary hypertension. Am J Hypertens 1992; 5: 26-8.
52. Pollare T, Lithell H, Berne C. A comparison of the effects of hydrochlorothiazide and captopril on glucose and lipid metabolism in patients with hypertension. N Engl J Med 1989; 321: 868-73.
53. Pollare T, Lithell H, Selinus I, Berne C. Application of prazosin is associated with an increase of insulin sensitivity in obese patients with hypertension. Diabetolgia 1988; 31: 415-20.
54. Nilsson P, Lindholm L, Schersten B. Hyperinsulinemia and other metabolic disturbances in well-controlled hypertensive men and women: An epidemiological study of the Dalby population. J Hypertens 1990; 8: 953-9.
55. Julius S, Gudbrandsson T. Early association of sympathetic overactivity, hypertension, insulin resistance, and coronary risk. J Cardiovascular Pharmacol 1992; 20 (Suppl 8): S40-S48.
56. Jamerson KA, Julius S, Gudbrandsson T, Andersson O, Brant DO. Reflex sympathetic activation induces acute insulin resistance in the human forearm. Hypertension 1993; 21: 618-23.
57. Morris AD, Petrie JR, Connell JMC. Insulin and hypertension. J Hypertens 1994; 12: 633-42.
58. Dzau VJ. Atherosclerosis and hypertension: mechanisms and interrelationships. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1990; 15 (Suppl 5): S59-S64.
59. Sowers JR. Insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and accelerated atherosclerosis. J Clin Pharmacol 1992; 32: 529-35.
60. DeFronzo RA. Insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and coronary artery disease: a complex metabolic web. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 1992; 20 (Suppl 11): S1-S6.
61. Pignoli P, Tremoli E, Poli A, Oreste P, Paoletti P. Intimal plus medial thickness of the carotid arterial wall: a direct measurement with ultrasound imaging. Circulation 1986; 74: 1399-406.
62. O'Leary DH, Pollak JF, Wolfson SK Jr, et al. Use of sonography to evaluate carotid atherosclerosis in the elderly. Stroke 1991; 22: 1155-63.
63. Bots MML, Breslau PJ, Briet E, et al. Cardiovascular determinants of carotid artery disease. The Rotterdam Elderly Study. Hypertension 1992; 19: 717-20.
64. Bonithon-Kopp C, Scarabin PY, Taquet A, Touboul PJ, Malmejac A, Guize L. Risk factors for early carotid atherosclerosis in middle-aged French women. Arterioscler Thromb 1991; 11: 966-72.
65. Salonen JT, Salonen R. Ultrasonographically assessed carotid morphology and the risk of coronary heart disease. Arterioscler Thromb 1991; 11: 1245-9.
66. Wendelhag I, Wirklund O, Wikstrand J. Arterial wall thickness in familial hypercholesterolemia: ultrasound measurement of intima-media thickness in the common carotid artery. Arterioscler Thromb 1992; 12: 70-7.
67. Ko Y, Sachinidis A, Wieczorek AJ, Appenheimer M, Dusing R, Vetter H. Insulin enhances angiotensin II induced DNA synthesis in vascular smooth muscle cells of the rat. Clin Investig 1993; 71: 379-82.
68. Bigazzi R, Bianchi S, Campese VM, Baldari G. Prevalence of microalbuminuria in a large population of patientis with mild to moderate essential hypertension. Nephron 1992; 61: 94-7.
69. Kannel WB. Hypertension and the risk of cardiovascular Disease. In: Laragh JH, Brenner BM, eds. Hypertension: pathophysiology, diagnosis and management. New York: Raven Press, 1990: 101-17.
70. Samuelsson O, Wilhelmsen L, Elmfeldt D, et al. Predictors of cardiovascular morbidity in treated hypertension: results from the primary preventive trial in Goteborg, Sweden. J Hypertens 1985; 3: 167-76.
71. Yudkin JS, Forrest RD, Jackson CA. Microalbuminuria as predictor of vascular disease in non-diabetic subjects. Lancet 1988; 2: 530-3.
72. Haffner SM, Stern MP, Gruber MKK, Hazuda HP, Mitchell BD, Patterson JK. Microalbuminuria. Potential marker for increased cardiovascular risk factor in nondiabetic subjects? Arterioscelrosis 1990; 5: 727-31.
73. Kuusisto J, Mykkanen L, Pyorealea K, Laakso M: Hyperinsulinemia microalbuminuria. A new risk indicator for coronary heart disease. Circulation 1995; 91: 831-7.
74. Parving HH, Jensen HE, Mogensen CE, Evrin PE. Increased urinary albumin excretion in benign essential hypertension. Lancet 1974; 1: 231-7.
75. Losito A, Fortunati F, Zampi I, Del Favero A. Impaired renal functional reserve and albuminuria in essential hypertension. Br Med J 1988; 296: 1562-4.
76. Perloff D, Sokolow M, Cowan RM. The prognostic value of ambulatory blood pressure. JAMA 1983; 249: 2792-8.
77. Devereux RB, Pickering TG, Harshfield, et al. Left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with hypertension: importance of blood pressure responses to regularly recurring stress. Circulation 1983; 68: 470-6.
78. Parati G, Pomidossi G, Albini F, Malaspina D, Mancia D. Relationship of 24-hour blood pressure mean and variability to severity of target organ damage in hypertension. J Hypertens 1987; 5: 93-8.
79. Sluniade K, Kawamoto A, Matsubayashi K, Ozawa T. Silent cerebrovascular disease in the elderly. Correlation with ambulatory pressure. Hypertension 1990; 16: 692-9.
80. Giaconi S, Levanti C, Fommei E, et al. Microalbuminuria and casual and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in normotensives and in patients with borderline and mild essential hypertension. Am J Hypertens 1989; 2: 259-61.
81. Opsahl JA, Ambraham PA, Halstenson CE, Keane WF. Correlation of office and ambulatory blood pressure measurements with urinary albumin and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase excretions in essential hypertension. Am J Hypertens 1988; 1 (Suppl 1): 117S-120S.
82. Verdecchia P, Schillaci G, Guerrieri M, et al. Diurnal blood pressure changes and left ventricular hypertrophy in essential hypertension. Circulation 1990; 81: 528-36.
83. Bianchi S, Bigazzi R, Baldari G, Sgherri G, Campese VM. Diurnal variations of blood pressure and microalbuminuria in essential hypertension. Am J Hypertens 1994; 7: 23-9.