Origin, evolution, and excision of internal eliminated segments in germline genes of ciliates

Current Opinion in Genetics and Development

Volumn 7, Issue 6, 1997, Pages 807-813

  Prescott, David M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CILIATE; GENE MUTATION; MACRONUCLEUS; MOLECULAR EVOLUTION; MOLECULAR GENETICS; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; PARAMECIUM; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW;

EID: 0031442881     PISSN: 0959437X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0959-437X(97)80044-5     Document Type: Article

References (17)

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2. Klobutcher LA, Herrick G. Consensus inverted terminal repeat sequence of Paramecium IESs: resemblance to termini of Tc1-related and Euplotes Tec transposons. Nucleic Acids Res. 23:1995;2006-2013.
3. Yao M-C. Programmed DNA deletions in Tetrahymena: mechanisms and implications. Trends Genet. 12:1996;26-30.
4. Prescott DM, DuBois ML. Internal eliminated segments (IESs) of Oxytrichidae. of special interest J Euk Microbiol. 43:1996;432-441 IESs in germline genes of oxytrichids change in number, size, sequence, and position during speciation, demonstrating that IESs are evolutionarily dynamic structures.
5. Klobutcher LA, Jahn CL. Developmentally controlled genomic rearrangements in ciliated protozoa. Curr Opin Genet Dev. 1:1991;397-403.
6. Hunter DJ, Williams K, Cartinhour S, Herrick G. Precise excision of telomere-bearing transposons during Oxytricha fallax macronuclear development. Genes Dev. 3:1989;2101-2112.
7. Seegmiller A, Williams KR, Hammersmith RL, Doak TG, Witherspoon D, Messick T, Storjohann LL, Herrick G. Internal eliminated sequences interrupting the Oxytricha 81 locus: allelic divergence, conservation, conversions, and possible transposon origins. Mol Biol Evol. 13:1996;1351-1362.
8. DuBois ML, Prescott DM. The volatility of IESs in germline genes of hypotrichous ciliates. Mol Cell Biol. 17:1997;326-337.
9. Hoffman DC, Prescott DM. Evolution of internal eliminated segments and scrambling in the micronuclear gene encoding DNA polymerase α in two Oxytricha species. of outstanding interest Nucleic Acids Res. 25:1997;1883-1889 IESs are inserted and/or excised in both scrambled and nonscrambled portions of the gene encoding DNA polymerase α during speciation of Oxytricha nova and O. trifallax. IESs slide along DNA during speciation.
10. Prescott DM, Greslin AF. Scrambled actin I gene in the micronucleus of Oxytricha nova. Dev Genet. 13:1992;66-74.
11. Hoffman DC, Prescott DM. A germline gene encoding DNA polymerase α in the hypotrichous ciliate Oxytricha nova is extremely scrambled. Nucleic Acids Res. 24:1996;3337-3340.
12. Meyer E, Duharcourt S. Epigenetic regulation of programmed genomic rearrangements in Paramecium aurelia. of outstanding interest J Euk Microbiol. 43:1996;453-461 The presence of an IES in macronuclear DNA inhibits the removal of that specific IES during development of a new macronucleus. This strongly supports the hypothesis that the parental macronucleus provides sequence information, as RNa or DNA, for precise excision of IESs.
13. Forney JD, Yantiri F, Mikami K. Developmentally controlled rearrangement of surface protein genes in Paramecium tetraurelia. of outstanding interest J Euk Microbiol. 43:1996;462-467 Injection of DNA constructs into the macronucleus of Paramecium guides processing of micronuclear DNA containing those same DNA segments which, together with [12], indicate that the parental macronucleus provides sequence information to guide DNA processing during macronuclear development.
14. Chalker DL, Yao M-C. Non-Mendelian, heritable blocks to DNA rearrangement are induced by loading the somatic nucleus of Tetrahymena thermophila with germ line-limited DNA. of outstanding interest Mol Cell Biol. 16:1996;3658-3667 Similar to results of experiments on Paramecium, injection of germline-limited DNA in the macronucleus of Tetrahymena blocks elimination of that DNA during development of a new macronucleus. The results strongly indicate that the effect is not mediated by a DNA or RNA template from the parental macronucleus, however, suggesting that DNA deletion in Tetrahymena may be fundamentally different from IES excision in Paramecium.
15. Smothers JF, Madireddi MT, Warner FD, Allis CD. Programmed DNA degradation and nucleolar biogenesis occur in distinct organelles during macronuclear development in Tetrahymena. of special interest J Euk Microbiol. 44:1997;79-88 The experiments in this paper identify a polypeptide that is specifically enriched in developing macronuclei. The polypeptide is associated with nuclear organelles that may be the sites of DNA processing and it most likely has a role in DNA elimination. This represents a significant start to identifying and characterizing the molecular machinery that processes DNA during macronuclear development.
16. Ling Z, Ghosh S, Jacobs ME, Klobutcher LA. Conjugation-specific genes in the ciliate Euplotes crassus: gene expression from the old macronucleus. of special interest J Euk Microbiol. 44:1997;1-11 Five different conjugation-specific genes have been identified that are maximally expressed early in conjugation, just prior to macronuclear development and the DNa rearrangement process. One of the five genes encodes a DNA-binding protein that functions in DNA processing.
17. Jahn CL, Ling Z, Tebeau CM, Klobutcher LA. An unusual histone H3 specific for early macronuclear development in Euplotes crassus. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 94:1997;1332-1337.