Seasonal changes in whole-cell metal levels in protozoa of activated sludge

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

Volumn 38, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 272-280

  Abraham Peskir, J V ^b   Butler, R D ^a   Sigee, D C ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER   (United Kingdom)

^b AARHUS UNIVERSITY   (Denmark)

Author keywords

Activated sludge; Elemental levels; Protozoa; Vorticellids; X ray microanalysis

Indexed keywords

ALUMINUM; CALCIUM; COPPER; HEAVY METAL; IRON; PHOSPHORUS; POTASSIUM; SULFUR; ZINC;

ACTIVATED SLUDGE; ARTICLE; AXONEME; CELL LEVEL; CELL MEMBRANE; EFFLUENT; ELECTRON PROBE MICROANALYSIS; FOOD INTAKE; METABOLISM; METAL BINDING; NONHUMAN; PROTOZOON; SEASONAL VARIATION; SPECIES DIFFERENTIATION; WASTE WATER MANAGEMENT; X RAY MICROANALYSIS;

EID: 0031428581     PISSN: 01476513     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1006/eesa.1997.1597     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Abraham, J. V., Butler, R. D., and Sigee, D. C. (1997a). Ciliate population and metals in activated sludge. Water Res. 31, 1103-1111.
2. Abraham, J. V., Butler, R. D., and Sigee, D. C. (1997b). Quantified elemental changes in Aspidisca cicada and Vorticella convallaria after exposure to aluminium, copper, and zinc. Protoplasma 198, 143-154.
3. Al-Shahwani, S. S., and Horan, N. J. (1991). The use of protozoa to indicate changes in the performance of activated-sludge plants. Water Res. 25, 633-638.
4. Boekestein, A., Stols, A. L. H., and Stadhouders, A. M. (1980). Quantitation in X-ray microanalysis of biological bulk specimens. Scan. Elec. Micros. II, 321-334.
5. Cantwell, F. F., Nielsen, J. S., and Hrudey, S. E. (1982). Free nickel ion concentration in sewage by an ion exchange column-equilibration method. Anal. Chem. 54, 1498-1503.
6. Chlebowski, J. F., and Coleman, J. E. (1976). Zinc and its role in enzymes. In Metal Ions In Biological Systems. Volume 6: Biological Action Of Metal Ions (H. Sigel, Ed.), pp. 2-124. Marcel Dekker, New York.
7. Curds, C. R. (1982). The ecology and role of protozoa in aerobic sewage treatment processes. Annu. Rev. Microbiol. 36, 27-46.
8. Curds, C. R., and Cockburn, A. (1970). Protozoa in biological sewage-treatment process-I. A survey of the protozoan fauna of british percolating filters and activated-sludge plants. Water Res. 4, 225-236.
9. Eichenberger, E. (1986). Interrelation between essential and toxic metals in the aquatic ecosystem. In Metal Ions in Biological Systems, Vol. 20, Concepts on Metal Ion Toxicity (H. Sigel, Ed.), pp. 67-100. Marcel Dekker, New York.
10. Esteban, G., and Tellez, C. (1992). The influence of detergents on the development of ciliate communities in activated sludge. Water Air Soil Pollut. 61, 185-190.
11. Esteban, G., Tellez, C., and Bautista, L. M. (1991). Dynamics of ciliated protozoa communities in activated sludge processes. Water Res. 25, 967-972.
12. Fernandez-Leborans, G., and Antonio-Garcia, M. T. (1986). Interaction of lead and zinc in a natural community of protozoans. Acta Protozool. 27, 141-159.
13. Fernandez-Leborans, G., Antonio-Garcia, M. T., and Corpas-Vasquez, I. (1987). Effect of three cations (Pb, Zn, Hg) on a community of ciliates. Dynamics of population and bioindicatory capacity. Ann. Sci. Nat. Zool. Biol. Anim. 8, 173-189.
14. Foster, P. L. (1977). Copper exclusion as a mechanism of heavy metal tolerance in a green alga. Nature 269, 322-323.
15. Gadd, G. M. (1990). Metal tolerance. In Microbiology of Extreme Environments. (C. Edwards, Ed.), pp. 178-210. Open University Press, Milton Keynes, UK.
16. Hudsen, R. J. M., and Morel, F. M. M. (1990). Iron transport in marine phytoplankton: Kinetics of cellular and medium coordination reactions. Limnol. Oceanogr. 35, 1002-1020.
17. Hughes, M. N., and Poole, R. K. (1991). Metal speciation and microbial growth - The hard (and soft) facts. J. Gen. Microbiol. 137, 725-734.
18. Larsen, J. (1989). The influence of growth phase and culture conditions of Tetrahymena on effects of cadmium. Toxicology 58, 211-223.
19. Lester, J. N. (1983). Significance and behaviour of heavy metals in waste water treatment processes. I. Sewage treatment and effluent discharge. Sci. Total Environ. 30, 1-44.
20. Lester, J. N., and Sterritt, R. M. (1985). Microbial accumulation of heavy metals in wastewater treatment processes. J. Appl. Bacteriol. Symp. Suppl. 14, 141S-153S.
21. Madoni, P., Davoli, D., and Chierici, E. (1993). Comparative analysis of the activated sludge microfauna in several sewage treatment works. Water Res. 27, 1485-1491.
22. Martin, R. B. (1986). Bioinorganic chemistry of metal ion toxicity. In Metal Ions in Biological Systems, Vol. 20, Concepts On Metal Ion Toxicity (H. Sigel, Ed.), pp. 21-62. Marcel Dekker, New York.
23. Moro-Puebla, P., and Fernandez, L. G. (1990). Heavy metals in sewage characterized by inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy. Ing. Quim. (Madrid) 22, 147-152.
24. Morgan, A. J. (1985). X-ray microanalysis in Electron Microscopy for Biologists. Oxford University Press/Royal Microscopical Society, London.
25. Nilsson, J. R. (1989). Tetrahymena in cytoxicology: With special reference to effects of heavy metals and selected drugs. Eur. J. Protistol. 25, 2-25.
26. Panessa-Warren, B. J. (1983). Basic biological X-ray microanalysis. Scan. Electron Micros. 11, 713-723.
27. Piccinni, E., Irato, P., and Guidolin, L. (1990). Cadmium-thionein in Tetrahymena thermophila and Tetrehymena pyriformis. Eur. J. Protistol. 26, 176-181.
28. Ratsak, C. H., Maarsen, K. A., and Kooijman, S. A. L. M. (1996). Effects of protozoa on carbon mineralization in activated sludge. Water Res. 30, 1-12.
29. Salvado, H., and Gracia, M. P. (1993). Determination of organic loading rate of activated sludge plants based on protozoan analysis. Water Res. 27, 891-895.
30. Stoveland, S., Lester, J. N., and Perry, R. (1979). The influence of nitrilotriacetic acid on heavy metal transfer in the activated sludge process. I. At constant loading. Water Res. 13, 949-965.
31. Sudo, R., and Aiba, S. (1973). The effect of copper and hexavelant chromium on the specific growth rate of Ciliata isolated from activated sludge. Water Res. 7, 1301-1307.