The Hazaras and their role in the process of political transformation in Afghanistan

Central Asian Survey

Volumn 16, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 363-387

  Emadi, Hafizullah ^a  

^a EAST WEST CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DEVELOPING COUNTRY; ETHNIC IDENTITY; HAZARA PEOPLE; NATIONALISM; POLITICAL REFORM;

AFGHANISTAN;

EID: 0031422375     PISSN: 02634937     EISSN: None     Source Type: Trade Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/02634939708400997     Document Type: Article

References (61)

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2. H. W. Bellew, Journal of Political Mission to Afghanistan in 1857 under Major Lumsden: with an Account of the Country and People (London: Smith and Elder & Co., 1862), p 114.
3. A. Burnes, Cabool: A Personal Narrative of a Journey to and Residence in that City in the Years 1836-38, 2nd edn (London: John Murray, 1843), p 176; W. K. Fraser-Tytler, Afghanistan: A Study of Political Developments in Central and Southern Asia, 3rd edn (London: Oxford University Press, 1967), p 56; G. Macmunn, Afghanistan: From Darius to Amanullah (London: G. Bell & Sons, 1919), p 20.
4. A. Burnes, Cabool: A Personal Narrative of a Journey to and Residence in that City in the Years 1836-38, 2nd edn (London: John Murray, 1843), p 176; W. K. Fraser-Tytler, Afghanistan: A Study of Political Developments in Central and Southern Asia, 3rd edn (London: Oxford University Press, 1967), p 56; G. Macmunn, Afghanistan: From Darius to Amanullah (London: G. Bell & Sons, 1919), p 20.
5. A. Burnes, Cabool: A Personal Narrative of a Journey to and Residence in that City in the Years 1836-38, 2nd edn (London: John Murray, 1843), p 176; W. K. Fraser-Tytler, Afghanistan: A Study of Political Developments in Central and Southern Asia, 3rd edn (London: Oxford University Press, 1967), p 56; G. Macmunn, Afghanistan: From Darius to Amanullah (London: G. Bell & Sons, 1919), p 20.
6. H. F. Schurmann, The Mongols of Afghanistan: An Ethnography of the Mongols and Related Peoples of Afghanistan (Mouton and the Hague: University of California, 1962), pp 110-111.
7. L. Temirkhanov, Tarikh-e-Millie-Hazara-e-Moghul (Quetta, 1980), pp 110-111. Cited in Sayed Askar Mousavi. The Hazaras of Afghanistan: An Historical, Cultural, Economic and Political Study, D.Phil. Thesis, University of Oxford, Linacre College, 1991, pp 42-43. For details on Theories of Hazaras ethnic origins see Mousavi pp 34-56.
8. L. Temirkhanov, Tarikh-e-Millie-Hazara-e-Moghul (Quetta, 1980), pp 110-111. Cited in Sayed Askar Mousavi. The Hazaras of Afghanistan: An Historical, Cultural, Economic and Political Study, D.Phil. Thesis, University of Oxford, Linacre College, 1991, pp 42-43. For details on Theories of Hazaras ethnic origins see Mousavi pp 34-56.
9. Bernard Lewis, The Assassins: A Radical Sect in Islam (New York: Basic Books, 1968), pp 7-8.
10. Hussein Ali Yazdani (Haj Kazim) Pajohish-e-Dar Tarikh-e-Hazaraha [A Research on the Hazaras' History] (Tehran: Author, 1368), pp 94-95.
11. Hussein Ali Yazdani (Haj Kazim), Safha-e-Khunin az Tarikh-e-Tashayu dar Afghanistan [Blood-stint Pages from History of the Shiites in Afghanistan], (Mashhad: Author, 1370), p 226.
12. Sultan Mahomed Khan (ed.) with introduction by M. E. Yapp The Life of Abdur Rahman: Amir of Afghanistan, Vol 1 (London: John Murray, 1980). Reprinted in Karachi by Oxford University Press, 1990, p 276.
13. Ibid, p 277.
14. Mir Ghulam Mohammad Ghubar, Afghanistan Dar Masir-e-Tarikh [Afghanistan in the Course of History] (Tehran: Markaz-e-Nashr Enqilab ba Hamkari Jamhuri, 1366), p 670.
15. Ibid, p 670.
16. Hafizullah Emadi, State, Revolution and Superpowers in Afghanistan (New York: Praeger Publishers, 1990); Politics of Development and Women in Afghanistan (New York: Paragon House Publishers, 1993).
17. Hafizullah Emadi, State, Revolution and Superpowers in Afghanistan (New York: Praeger Publishers, 1990); Politics of Development and Women in Afghanistan (New York: Paragon House Publishers, 1993).
18. Hussein Ali Yazdani (Haj Kazim). Pajohish-e-dar Tarikh-e-Hazaraha [A Research on the Hazaras' History], op cit, pp 185-186.
19. Hassan Poladi, The Hazaras (Stockton: Mughal Publishing Co., 1989), pp 175-176.
20. Hussein Ali Yazdani (Haj Kazim), Pajohish-e-dar Tarikh-e-Hazaraha, op cit, p 186.
21. Ibid, pp 182-183.
22. Ibid, p 206.
23. Mohammad Isa Gharjistani, Az Hazarajat ta London [From Hazarajat to London] (Quetta: Islamic Cultural Council, 1987), pp 83-84.
24. G. Arney, 'The Post-Soviet Nightmare', The Guardian, 26 March 1988, p 8. Cited in Sayed Askar Mousavi, op cit, p 191.
25. G. Arney, 'The Post-Soviet Nightmare', The Guardian, 26 March 1988, p 8. Cited in Sayed Askar Mousavi, op cit, p 191.
26. Hafizullah Emadi, 'The state and rural-based rebellion in Afghanistan', Central Asian Survey, Vol 15, No 2, 1996, pp 201-211.
27. Hassan Poladi, op cit, pp 379-397.
28. Hafizullah Emadi, 'China's politics and developments in Afghanistan'. Journal of Asian and African Studies Vol 28, No 1 (January-June 1993); China's Foreign Policy Toward the Middle East (Karachi: Royal Book Company, 1997).
29. Hafizullah Emadi, 'China's politics and developments in Afghanistan'. Journal of Asian and African Studies Vol 28, No 1 (January-June 1993); China's Foreign Policy Toward the Middle East (Karachi: Royal Book Company, 1997).
30. Hafizullah Emadi, 'Exporting Iran's revolution: the radicalization of the Shiite movement in Afghanistan', Middle Eastern Studies, Vol 31, No 1 (January 1995), pp 1-12.
31. Hafizullah Emadi, 'Minority group politics: the role of Ismailis in Afghanistan's Politics', Central Asian Survey, Vol, 12, No 3 (1993), pp 379-392.
32. Mohammad Isa Gharjistani Rastakhiz-e-Jang-e-Afghanistan [The Birth of Afghanistan's War] (Quetta: 1363/1985), pp 148-191.
33. Mohamraad Isa Gharjistani, Shekast-e-Rusha dar Hazarajat [Russia's Defeat in the Hazarajat] (Bonn: Association of Afghan Students, 1360/1981), pp 53-54.
34. Ibid, p 49.
35. Oliver Roy, 'La situation an Hazaradjat: La Choura'. Les nouvelles d'Afghanistan, 1983-84, pp 10-12.
36. Mohammad Isa Gharjistani, Tarikh-e-Siyasi Hazarahay-e-Afghanistan [Political History of the Hazaras of Afghanistan] (Quetta: 1982), pp 29-32.
37. Afghanistan, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, The Whitebook: The Role of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the Undeclared War Against the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan (Kabul: Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 1986). p 11.
38. Ibid, pp 48-49.
39. Ibid, p 12.
40. Riaz M. Khan, Untying the Afghan Knot: Negotiating Soviet Withdrawal (Durham: Duke University Press, 1991), p 78.
41. Qurbanali Yakawlangi, Hizb-e-Wahdat-e-Islami Afghanistan at Kangara ta Kangara [The Islamic Unity Party of Afghanistan from one Congress to the next] (Qum: Entisharati Seraj, 1372), p 23.
42. Ibid, p 198.
43. Hafizullah Emadi, Afghanistan's Gardian Knot: An Analysis of National Conflict and Strategies for Peace (Honolulu: East-West Center, 1991), p 4-7.
44. Afghanistan Forum, Vol 21, No 1 (January, 1993), pp 4-7.
45. Nama-e-Khabari Wahdat, 32 (30 September, 1994), p 5.
46. Pas as Sad Sal Sukut [After One Hundred Year of Silence] (Islamabad: Cultural Council of the Martyred Leader, 1374), p 25.
47. Amnesty International, Afghanistan: International Responsibility for Human Rights Disaster (New York: Amnesty International, 1995), pp 35, pp 64-65.
48. Ibid, p 66.
49. Paz Az Sad Sal Sukut, op cit, p 32.
50. Dushman Kist [Who is Enemy] (Islamabad: Cultural Center of the Martyred Leader, 1374), p 56.
51. Ibid, p 61.
52. Payam-e-Naw [New Message], 12 October 1995, p 1.
53. Ibid, p 2.
54. Ahmed Rashid, 'Afghanistan apocalypse now', The Herald October 1995, p 31.
55. Emroz-e-Ma [Our New Day] 25 March 1995, pp 6-7.
56. Emroz-e-Ma [Our New Day] 15 April 1990, p 3.
57. Emroz-e-Ma [Our New Day] 25 March 1995, p 5.
58. Safha-e-Naw [New Page], 16 November 1995, p 6.
59. Nama-e-Khabari Wahdat, Vol 5, No 52 (June 1996), p 11.
60. Safha-e-Naw [New Page], 31 August 1995, p 1.
61. Safha-e-Naw [New Page], 30 November 1995, p 4.