Cretaceous Subsurface Geology of the Middle East Region

GeoArabia

Volumn 2, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 239-256

  Christian, Louis ^a  

^a International Consultant   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CRETACEOUS; HYDROCARBON ACCUMULATION; STRATIGRAPHY; TECTONICS;

MIDDLE EAST;

EID: 0031419158     PISSN: 10256059     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2113/geoarabia0203239     Document Type: Article

References (92)

1. Abbas, M. 1983. Bouguer Gravity Map of Iraq. Directorate of General Geological Survey and Minerals Investigations, Baghdad.
2. Académie des Sciences de L'U.R.S.S., UNESCO, CCGM, Direction Générale des Géodèsie et de Cartographie (Congrés Géologizie Internationale) 1981. Carte Tecfonique Internationale de L'Europe et des Regions Avoisinantes. Feuille 16, 2e Éd., Moscow.
3. Adasani, M. 1965. The Greater Burgan Field. Fifth Arab Petroleum Congress, Kuwait, p. 19-27.
4. Agar, R. 1987. The Najd Fault System Revisited: A Two-way Strike-Slip Orogen in the Saudi Arabian Shield. Journal of Structural Geology, v. 9, no. 1, p. 41-48.
5. Ala, M., R. Kinghorn and M. Rahman 1980. Organic Geo-chemistry and Source Rock Characteristics of the Zagros Petroleum Province, Southwest Iran. Journal Petroleum Geology, v. 3, p. 61-89.
6. Alomari, M. and S. Alnaib 1986. Basement Configuration from Gravity Modelling in Iraq. Journal of the Geological Society of Iraq, v. 19. no. 10, p. 1304-1318.
7. Alsharhan, A. 1994. Albian Clastics in the Western Arabian Gulf Region: A Sedimentological and Petroleum Geological Interpretation. Journal of Petroleum Geology, v. 17, no. 3, p. 279-300.
8. Alsharhan, A. 1995. Sedimentology and Depositional Setting of the Late Cretaceous Fiqa Formation in the United Arab Emirates. Cretaceous Research, v. 16, p. 39-51.
9. Alsharhan, A. and E. Nairn 1990. A Review of the Cretaceous Formations in the Arabian Peninsula: Part III. Upper Cretaceous (Aruma Group), Stratigraphy and Paleogeology. Journal of Petroleum Geology, v. 13, p. 247-266.
10. Arabian American Oil Co. (ARAMCO) Staff 1959. Ghawar Oil Field, Saudi Arabia. American Association of Petroleum Geology, v. 43, no. 2, p. 434-454; various other informal and verbal communications.
11. Avedisian, A. and A. Hammosh 1970. Oil gravity and Age Variations in Middle East Crudes. Journal of the Geological Society of Iraq, v. 3, no. 1, p. 41-53.
12. Bach Imam, I. 1985. Precisions Nouvelles sur l'âge Triassique, et non Jurassique de la Majeure Partie des Formations Èvaporitiques et Dolomitiques des Forages de l'Est Syrien. Revue de Paléobiologie, Genëve, v. 4, no. 1, p. 35-42.
13. Bach Imam, I., I. Khoja and J. Sigal 1980. Note sur l'âge Principalement Triassique des Formations Èvaporitique et Dolomitique du Mésozoique Inférieure des Forages de l'Est Syrien. Journal of the Geological Society of Iraq, v. 13, no. 1, p. 155-160.
14. Berberian, M. and G. King 1981. Towards a Paleogeography and Tectonic Evolution of Iran. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, v. 18, p. 210-265.
15. Beydoun, Z. 1981. Some Open Questions Relating to the Petroleum Prospects of Lebanon. Journal of Petroleum Geology, v. 3, no. 3, p. 303-314.
16. Beydoun, Z. 1988. The Middle East: Regional Geology and Petroleum Resources. Scientific Press Ltd. (U.K.), 292 p.
17. Boote, D., D. Mou and R. Waite 1990. Structural Evolution of the Suneinah Foreland, Central Oman Mountains. In Robertson et al., The Geology and Tectonics of the Oman Mountains Region. Geological Society Special Publication no. 49, p. 397-418.
18. Bordenave, M. and R. Burwood 1990. Source Rock Distribution and Maturation in the Zagros Orogenic Belt: Provenance of the Asmari and Bangestan Reservoir Oil Accumulations. Advances in Organic Geochemistry, Organic Geochemistry, v. 16, no. 1-3, p. 369-387.
19. Bou-Rabee, F. 1986. The Geology and Geophysics of Kuwait. University of South Carolina Ph.D. Dissertation, 150 p.
20. Brennan, P. 1990. Greater Burgan Field. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Treatise of Petroleum Geology, Structural Traps, v. 1, p. 103-127.
21. Brennan, P. 1991. Raudhatain Field-Kuwait. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Treatise of Petroleum Geology, Structural Traps, v. 5, p. 187-210.
22. Brinkman, R. 1976. Geology of Turkey. Elsevier, Amsterdam. 158 p.
23. Brown, G. 1972. Tectonic Map of the Arabian Peninsula, Scale 1:4,000,000. U.S. Geological Survey Map AP-2.
24. Çançar, S. 1990-1993. Verbal communications and numerous maps, geophysical and well data, and correlation charts.
25. Carman, G. 1996. Structural Elements of Onshore Kuwait. GeoArabia: Middle East Petroleum Geosciences, v. 1, no. 2, p. 239-266.
26. Çemen, I. and V. Ediger 1990. The Bozova Strike-Slip Fault of Southeast Turkey: An Example of a Reactivated Thrust Fault. Türkiye 8 Petrol Kongresi, Ankara, p. 169-179 (in Turkish).
27. Christian, L. 1992. Subsurface Geology of Turkey-Syria-Iraq Border Area. Private Consultant's Report, 40 maps, 95 p.
28. Christian, L. 1994a. Projection of Triassic, Permian and Carboniferous Isopach Trends from Arabia Across the Persian Gulf into Iran, and Proposed Sinistral Displacement of Permian Isopachs along the Main Zagros Fault. Geological Survey of Iran, Scientific Quarterly Journal, v. 3, no. 11, Spring 1994, p. 63-79.
29. Christian, L. 1994b. Distribution of Super-Giant Middle East Oil Fields in Three Distinct Classes of Structural Traps. December 1994 Meeting of Dallas Geological Society International Group.
30. Christian, L. and D. Johnston 1995. Super-Giant Oil Fields and Future Prospects in the Middle East. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, Abstract, v. 79, no. 6, p. 907.
31. Cline, R. 1989. Notes from paper "Thayyem Field Discovery: Syria's Euphrates Graben" delivered at Houston Geological Society International Exploration Meeting in Houston, 17 May 1989.
32. Demidov, V. 1981. Osobyennosti Formirovaniya Struktur Mesopotamskovo Progiba isklona Arabiskoi plit, Mosk. O-VA Ispytatyelyei Prirody OTD Geol., v. 56, no. 3, p. 45-48 (in Russian).
33. Druckman, Y. 1974. The Stratigraphy of the Triassic Sequence in Southern Israel. Geological Survey of Israel, Bulletin 64, Jerusalem.
34. de Ruiter, R., P. Lovelock and N. Nabulsi 1995. The Euphrates Graben of Eastern Syria: A New Petroleum Province in the Northern Middle East. In M.I. Al-Husseini (Ed.), Middle East Geosciences, GEO'94. Gulf PetroLink, Bahrain, v. I, p. 357-368.
35. Dubertret, L. 1967. Remarques sur le Fossé de la Mer Morte et ses Prolongements au Nord Jusqu'au Taurus. Revue de Géog. Physique et de Géol. Dynamique, v. 9, fasc. 1, p. 3-16.
36. Dubertret, L. and C. André 1969. Carte Orographique et Cartes Tectoniques de la Péninsule Arabique. Musé Nationale d'Histoire Naturelle, Notes et Mémoires sur le Moyen-Orient, Tome X.
37. Dunnington, H. 1967. Stratigraphical Distribution of Oil Fields in the Iraq-Iran-Arabia Basin. Journal Institute of Petroleum, v. 53, no. 520, p. 129-161.
38. Edgell, H. 1989. Geological Framework of Saudi Arabia Groundwater Resources. 1st Saudi Symposium on Earth Sciences, Jeddah, J.K.A.U., Earth Sciences, v. 3, p. 267-286.
39. Edgell, H. 1991. Proterozoic Salt Basins of the Persian Gulf Area and their Role in Hydrocarbon Generation. Precambrian Research. Elsevier Science Publishers BV, Amsterdam. v. 54, p. 1-14.
40. Edgell, H. 1992. Basement Tectonics of Saudi Arabia as Related to Oil Field Structures. In M. Richards et al. (Ed.), Basement Tectonics. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Netherlands. p. 169-193.
41. Erdogan, L. and A. Akgül 1981. An Oil Migration and Re-entrapment Model for the Mardin Group Reservoirs of Southeast Anatolia. Journal of Petroleum Geology, v. 4, no. 1, p. 57-75.
42. Fairbridge, R. and H. Badoux 1960. Slump Blocks in the Cretaceous of Northern Syria. Geological Society of London Proceedings, pt. 1581, p. 113-117.
43. Freud, R., Z. Garfunkel, I. Zak, M. Goldberg, T. Weissbrod and B. Derin 1970. The Shear Along the Dead Sea Rift. Philosophical Transactions, Royal Society of London, A. 267, p. 107-130.
44. Gidon, M., F. Berthier, J. Billiault, B. Halbronn and P. Maurizot 1974. Sur les Caractéres et l'Ampleur du Coulissement de la "Main Fault" dans la region de Borujerd-Dorud (Zagros Orientale, Iran). Comptes rendus des Séances de l'Académie des Sciences, Paris, Sér. D., v. 278, p. 421-424.
45. Gvirtzman, G. and T. Weissbrod 1984. The Hercynian Geanticline of Helez and the Late Palaeozoic History of the Levant. In J. Dixon and A. Robertson (Eds.), The Geological Evolution of Eastern Mediterranean. Geological Society of London, p. 177-186.
46. Harput, B. and O. Ertürk 1991. The Organic Geochemical Evaluation of the 9th and 10th Districts of S.E. Anatolia. Journal of Southeast Asian Earth Sciences, v. 5, no. 1-4, p. 421-428.
47. Harput, B., F. Goodarzi and N. Bozdogan 1982. A Preliminary Source Rock Analysis Study in Southeast Turkey by Using Organic Petrographical Techniques. Sixth Petroleum Congress of Turkey, p. 33-49 (in Turkish).
48. Harris, P. and S. Frost 1984. Regional Unconformities and Depositional Cycles: Cretaceous of the Arabian Peninsula. In J. Schlee (Ed.), Interregional Unconformities and Hydrocarbon Accumulations. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Memoir 36, p. 67-80.
49. Hatcher, R., I. Zietz and R. Regan 1981. Sinistral Strike-Slip Motion on the Dead Sea Rift: Confirmation from New Magnetic Data. Geology, v. 9, p. 458-462.
50. Husseini, M. 1988. The Arabian Infracambrian Extensional System. Tectonophysics, v. 148, p. 93-103.
51. Ibrahim, M. 1983. Petroleum Geology of Southern Iraq. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 67, p. 97-130.
52. Ibrahim, M. 1984. Geothermal Gradients and Geothermal Oil Generation in Southern Iraq: A Preliminary Investigation. Journal of Petroleum Geology, v. 7, no. 1, p. 77-86.
53. Ion, D., S. Elder and A. Pedder 1959. The Agha Jari Oil Field, Southwest Persia. Third World Petroleum Congress, Section I, p. 162-186.
54. Iranian Geological Survey and National Iranian Oil Co. 1976. Tectonic Map of Southwest Iran, with Structural Contours on Top of Jurassic. Teheran.
55. Ivanhoe, L. and G. Leckie 1993. Global Oil, Gas Fields, Sizes Tallied, Analyzed. Oil and Gas Journal, 15 February 1993, p. 87-91, and personal communications, 1992-1993.
56. Jackson, J. and D. McKenzie 1988. The Relationship Between Plate Motions and Seismic Moment Tensors, and the Rates of Active Deformation in the Mediterranean and Middle East. Geophysical Journal, v. 93, p. 45-73.
57. Jamil, A. 1978. Hydrochemical and Hydrodynamic Zones and the Probable Direction of Water Flow within Zubair Reservoir of Zubair and Rumaila Oil Fields (Southern Iraq). Geologisches Jahrbuch, Hannover, D. 25, p. 199-211.
58. Jawad Ali, A. and Z. Aziz 1993. The Zubair Formation, East Baghdad Oil Field, Central Iraq. Journal of Petroleum Geology, v. 16, no. 3, p. 353-364.
59. Johansson, F. 1997. Personal communications.
60. Johnson, P. and I. Stewart 1993. USGS Open File Report 93-5, Jiddah. Magnetic Anomalies and Basement Structure in Central Arabia. p. 1-29.
61. Jorden, C., R. Connally and H. Vest 1985. Middle Cretaceous Carbonates of the Mishrif Formation, Fateh Field, Offshore Dubai, U.A.E. In P. Roehl and P. Choquette, Carbonate Petroleum Reservoirs. Springer Verlag. p. 426-442.
62. Karig, D. and H. Kozlu 1990. Late Palaeogene-Neogene Evolution of the Triple Junction Region Near Maras, South-central Turkey. Geological Society of London Journal, v. 147, p. 1023-1034.
63. Kamen-Kaye, M. 1970. Geology and Productivity of Persian Gulf Synclinorium. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 54, no. 12, p. 2371-2394.
64. Koop, W. and R. Stoneley 1982. Subsidence History of the Middle East Zagros Basin, Permian to Recent. Philosophical Transactions, Royal Society of London, A305, p. 149-168.
65. Le Nindre, Y.-M., J. Manivit and D. Vaslet 1990. Géodynamique et Paléogéographie de la Plate-Forme Arabe du Permien au Jurassique. Document du BRGM no. 192, Historie Géologique de la Bordure Occidentale de la Plate-Forme Arabe, v. 2, 273 p.
66. Leonov, Y., K. Makarem and T. Zaza 1986. Olistostrome Origin for Rocks in the Core of the Abd-el-Aziz Anticline, Syria. Geotectonics, v. 20, no. 2, p. 142-145 (translation from Russian).
67. Leonov, Y., S. Sigachev, M. Otri, A. Yusef, T. Zaza and T. Sauaf 1989. New Data on the Paleozoic Complex of the Platform Cover of Syria. Geotectonics, v. 23, no. 6, p. 538-542 (translation from Russian).
68. Lovelock, P. 1984. A Review of the Tectonics of the Northern Middle East Region. Geological Magazine, v. 121, no. 6, p. 577-587.
69. May, P. 1991. The Eastern Mediterranian Mesozoic Basin. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 75, no. 7, p. 1215-1232.
70. McGillivray, J. and Husseini, M. 1992. The Paleozoic Petroleum Geology of Central Arabia. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 76, no. 10, p. 1473-1490.
71. Ministry of Geology, U.S.S.R. 1984. Gravimetric Map of Africa-Middle East, Sheet 3, Scale 1:5,000,000. Moscow.
72. Morris, P. 1977. Basement Structure as Suggested by Aeromagnetic Surveys in Southwest Iran. Iran Petroleum Institute, Proceedings of the Second Geological Symposium Iran, p. 294-307. Teheran.
73. Murris, R. 1980. Middle East: Stratigraphic Evolution and Oil Habitat. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 64, p. 597-618.
74. Nikolayevskiy, A. 1972. Upper Cretaceous Petroleum-bearing Reef Complex in Northeastern Syria. Geologiya Nefti i Gaza, v. 9, p. 71-76 (in Russian).
75. Pasco, J., N. Evans and T. Harland 1995. The Generation of Unconformities within the Mishrif and Laffan Formations of Dubai and Adjacent Areas: Applications to Exploration and Production. In M.I. Al-Husseini (Ed.), Middle East Geosciences, GEO'94, Gulf PetroLink, Bahrain, v. 2, p. 749-760.
76. Ponikarov, V., V. Kazmin, I. Mikhailov, A. Razvaliayev, V. Krasheninnikov, V. Kozlov, E. Soulidi-Kondratiyew and V. Faradzhev 1967. The Geological Map of Syria. Explanatory Notes. U.S.S.R. Mission in Syria.
77. Rigo de Righi, M. and A. Cortesini 1964. Gravity Tectonics in Foothill Structure Belt of Southeast Turkey. American Association of Petroleum Geologists Bulletin, v. 48, p. 1911-1937.
78. Sallomy, J. and H. Al-Khatib 1986a. Basement Tectonics in the Al-Salman Area, Southwestern Desert, Iraq. Arabian Journal of Science and Engineering, v. 11, no. 1, p. 77-85.
79. Sallomy, J. and H. Al-Khatib 1986b. Analysis of Gravity and Magnetic Data in the Study of the Structure and Tectonics of the Arar Area, Southwestern Desert, Iraq. Arabian Journal of Science and Engineering, v. 11, no. 3, p. 213-224.
80. Sayyab, A. and R. Valek 1967. Patterns and General Properties of the Gravity Field of Iraq. XXIII International Geological Congress, Prague, v. 5, p. 129-142.
81. Schlumberger 1975. Well Evaluation Conference, Saudi Arabia. Chapter 1, p. 9-25 (by Arabian American Oil Co.).
82. Setudehnia, A. 1978. The Mesozoic Sequence in Southwest Iran and Adjacent Areas. Journal of Petroleum Geology, v. 1, no. 1, p. 3-42.
83. Slinger, F. and J. Crichton 1959. The Geology and Development of the Gachsaran Field, Southwest Iran. Fifth World Petroleum Congress, Proceedings, Section I, p. 349-375, New York.
84. Snyder, D. and M. Barazangi 1986. Deep Crustal Structure and Flexure of the Arabian Plate Beneath the Zagros Collisional Mountain Belt as Inferred from Gravity Observations. Tectonics, v. 5, no. 3, p. 361-373.
85. Soylu, C. 1991. Oil Source Rocks in the Adiyaman Area, Southeast Turkey. Journal Southeast Asian Earth Sciences, v. 5, no. 1-4, p. 429-434.
86. Soliman, F. and A. Shamlan 1982. Review on the Geology of the Cretaceous Sediments of the Rub'al Khali, Saudi Arabia. Cretaceous Research, v. 3, p. 187-194.
87. Stewart, I., T. Connally and J. Copley 1996. Stratigraphic Interpretation of Magnetotelluric Data in Central Saudi Arabia. GeoArabia: Middle East Petroleum Geosciences, v. 1, no. 1, p. 52-63.
88. Tardu, T., T. Baskurt, A. Güven, A. Dincer, M. Tuna and U. Tezcan 1987. Structural and Stratigraphic Aspects of Akçakal Graben and its Hydrocarbon Potential. Türkiye 7 Petrol Kongresi, Ankara, p. 35-49 (in Turkish).
89. Tür-Kan Petroleum Ltd. 1991. Correlation of Lithostratigraphic Rock Units in SE Turkey and Northern Syria-Iraq, and other maps, charts, geophysical data, source rock maturation data, well data, etc. (unpublished data; northern end of basin).
90. U.N. Economic Commission for Asia and Far East 1963. Case Histories of Oil and Gas Fields in Asia and Far East. Mineral Resources Development Services, Bangkok, no. 20, p. 118.
91. Weber, H. 1963. Ergebnisse Erdölgeologischer Aufschlussarbeiten der DEA in Nordost-Syrien. Erdöl und Kohle, v. 16, p. 669-682.
92. Youash, Y. and A. Naoum 1970. General Geology of Sinjar Area. University of Baghdad Bulletin, College of Science, v. 11, p. 136-150.