Quantitative stereological studies of a 'selection' protocol of hepatocarcinogenesis following initiation in neonatal male and female rats

Carcinogenesis

Volumn 18, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 149-158

  Dragan, Yvonne P ^b   Campbell, Harold A ^b   Xu, X H ^b   Pitot, Henry C ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN MADISON   (United States)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

DIETHYLNITROSAMINE; N (2 FLUORENYL)ACETAMIDE; PHENOBARBITAL;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; FEMALE; LIVER CARCINOGENESIS; MALE; MITOSIS; NEWBORN; NONHUMAN; PARTIAL HEPATECTOMY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RAT; STEREOMETRY;

2-ACETYLAMINOFLUORENE; ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATASES; ANIMALS; CARCINOGENS; DIETHYLNITROSAMINE; FEMALE; GAMMA-GLUTAMYLTRANSFERASE; GLUTATHIONE TRANSFERASE; HEPATECTOMY; LIVER; LIVER NEOPLASMS, EXPERIMENTAL; MALE; PLACENTA; PREGNANCY; RATS; RATS, INBRED F344; SEX FACTORS; TUMOR MARKERS, BIOLOGICAL;

EID: 0031419001     PISSN: 01433334     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/carcin/18.1.149     Document Type: Article

References (67)

1. Farber,E. (1982) Sequential events in chemical carcinogenesis. In Becker,F.F. (ed.), Cancer: A Comprehensive Treatise. Plenum Publishing Corp., New York, Vol. 1, pp. 485-506.
2. Schulte-Hermann,R. (1985) Tumor promotion in the liver. Arch. Toxicol., 57, 147-158.
3. Ito,N. et al. (1988) Enhancing effect of various hepatocarcinogens on induction of preneoplastic glutathione-S-transferase placental form positive foci in rats - an approach for a new medium-term bioassay system. Carcinogenesis, 9, 387-394.
4. Solt,D. and Farber,E. (1976) New principle for the analysis of chemical carcinogenesis. Nature, 263, 701-703.
5. Columbano,A., Ledda,G.M., Rao,P.M., Rajalakshmi,S. and Sarma,D.S.R. (1982) Initiation of experimental liver carcinogenesis by chemicals: are the carcinogen altered hepatocytes stimulated to grow into foci by different selection procedures identical? In Nicolini,C. (ed.), Chemical Carcinogenesis. Plenum Publishing Corp., New York, pp. 167-178.
6. Schulte-Hermann,R., Ohde,G., Schuppler,J. and Timmermann-Trosiener,I. (1981) Enhanced proliferation of putative preneoplastic cells in rat liver following treatment with the tumor promoters phenobarbital, hexa-chlorocyclohexane, steroid compounds, and nafenopin. Cancer Res., 41, 2556-2562.
7. Eckl,P.M., Meyer,S.A., Whitcombe,W.R. and Jirtle,R.L. (1988) Phenobarbital reduces EGF receptors and the ability of physiological concentrations of calcium to suppress hepatocyte proliferation. Carcinogenesis, 9, 479-483.
8. Shinozuka,S., Selle,M.A., Katyal,S.L., Sell,S. and Lombardi,B. (1979) Effects of a choline-devoid diet on the emergence of γ-glutamyl-transpeptidase-positive foci in the liver of carcinogen-treated rats. Cancer Res., 39, 2515-2521.
9. Mikol,Y.B., Hoover,K.L., Creasia,D. and Poirier,L.A. (1983) Hepatocarcinogenesis in rats fed methyl-deficient, amino acid-defined diets. Carcinogenesis, 4, 1619-1629.
10. Peraino,C., Staffeldt,E.F. and Ludeman,V.A. (1981) Early appearance of histochemically altered hepatocytic foci and liver tumors in female rats treated with carcinogens one day after birth. Carcinogenesis, 2, 463-465.
11. Pitot,H.C., Barsness,L., Goldsworthy,T. and Kitagawa,T. (1978) Bio-chemical characterization of stages of hepatocarcinogenesis after a single dose of diethylnitrosamine. Nature, 271, 456-458.
12. Teebor,G.W. and Becker,F.F. (1971) Regression and persistence of hyperplastic nodules induced by N-2 fluoroacetylacetamide and their relationship to hepatocarcinogenesis. Cancer Res., 31, 1-3.
13. Williams,G.M. and Watanabe,K. (1978) Quantitative kinetics of development of N-2-fluorenyl-acetamide-induced altered (hyperplastic) hepatocellular foci resistant to iron accumulation and of their reversion following removal of carcinogen. J. Natl Cancer Inst., 61, 113-121.
14. Moore,M.A., Hacker,H.J. and Bannasch,P. (1983) Phenotypic instability in focal and nodular lesions induced in a short-term system in the rat liver. Carcinogenesis, 4, 595-603.
15. Tatematsu,M., Nagamine,Y. and Farber,E. (1983) Redifferentiation as a basis for remodeling of carcinogen-induced foci of gamma glutamyltranspeptidase-positive hepatocytes to hepatomas in rats fed a choline-deficient diet. Cancer Res., 43, 5094-5098.
16. Glauert,H.P., Schwarz,M. and Pitot,H.C. (1986) The phenotypic stability of altered hepatic foci: effect of the short-term withdrawal of phenobarbital and of the long-term feeding of purified diets after the withdrawal of phenobarbital. Carcinogenesis, 7, 117-121.
17. Hendrich,S., Glauert,H.P. and Pitot,H.C. (1986) The phenotypic stability of altered hepatic foci: effects of withdrawal and subsequent readministration of phenobarbital. Carcinogenesis, 7, 2041-2045.
18. Wilson,R.H., DeEds,F. and Cox,A.J. (1941) The toxicity and carcinogenicity of 2-acetylaminofluorene. Cancer Res., 1, 595-608.
19. Farber,E. (1956) Similarities in the sequence of early histological changes induced in liver of the rat by ethionine, 2-acetylaminofluorene, 3′-methyl-4-dimethylaminoazobenzene. Cancer Res., 16, 142-148.
20. Jackson,C.D. and Irving,C.C. (1972) Sex differences in cell proliferation and N-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene sulfotransferase levels in rat liver during AAF administration. Cancer Res., 32, 1590-1594.
21. Jackson,C.D. and Irving,C.C. (1973) Effects of 2-acetylaminofluorene on liver cell proliferation after partial hepatectomy of female rats. Cancer Res., 33, 397-401.
22. .Morris,H.P. and Firminger,H.I. (1956) Influence of sex and sex hormones on development of hepatomas and other hepatic lesions in A×C rats. J. Natl Cancer Inst., 16, 927-940.
23. Sidransky,H., Wagner,B.P. and Morris,H.P. (1961) Sex differences in liver tumorigenesis in rats ingesting N-2-fluorenylacetamide. J. Natl Cancer Inst., 26, 151-187.
24. Enomoto,K. and Farber,E. (1982) Kinetics of phenotypic maturation of remodeling of hyperplastic nodules during liver carcinogenesis. Cancer Res., 42, 2330-2335.
25. Hendrich,S., Campbell,H.A. and Pitot,H.C. (1987) Quantitative stereological evaluation of four histological markers of altered foci in multistage hepatocarcinogenesis in the rat. Carcinogenesis, 8, 1245-1250.
26. Scherer,E. and Emmelot,P. (1975) Kinetics of induction and growth of precancerous liver cell foci and liver tumor formation by diethylnitrosamine in the rat. Eur. J. Cancer, 11, 689-696.
27. Goldsworthy,T.L. and Pitot,H.C. (1985) The quantitative analysis and stability of histochemical markers of altered hepatic foci in rat liver following initiation by diethylnitrosamine administration and promotion with phenobarbital. Carcinogenesis, 6, 1261-1269.
28. Campbell,H.A., Pitot,H.C., Potter,V.R. and Laishes,B.A. (1982) Application of quantitative stereology to the evaluation of enzyme-altered foci in the rat liver. Cancer Res., 42, 465-472.
29. Campbell,H.A., Xu,Y.D., Hanigan,M.H. and Pitot,H.C. (1986) Application of quantitative stereology to the evaluation of phenotypically heterogeneous enzyme-altered foci in the rat liver. J. Natl Cancer Inst., 76, 751-767.
30. Xu,Y.-H., Campbell,H.A., Sattler,G.L., Hendrich,S., Maronpot,R., Sato,K. and Pitot,H.C. (1990) Quantitative stereological analysis of the effect of age and sex on multistage hepatocarcinogenesis in the rat using four cytochemical markers. Cancer Res., 50, 472-479.
31. Toh,Y.C. (1973) Physiological and biochemical reviews of sex differences and carcinogenesis with particular reference to the liver. Adv. Cancer Res., 18, 155-209.
32. Lucier,G.W. and Rimbaugh,R.C. (1983) Influences of Sex Steroids on Experimental Carcinogenesis, IARC Scientific Publication no. 51. IARC, Lyon, France, pp. 49-64.
33. Dunning,W.F., Curtis,M.R. and Madsen,M.E. (1947) The induction of neoplasms in five strains of rats with acetylaminofluorene. Cancer Res., 7, 134-140.
34. Irving,C.C. (1975) Comparative toxicity of N-hydroxy-2-acetyl-aminofluorene in several strains of rats. Cancer Res., 35, 2959-2961.
35. Blanck,A., Hansson,T., Eriksson,L.C. and Gustafsson,J.-A. (1984) On mechanisms of sex differences in chemical carcinogenesis: effects of implantation of ectopic pituitary grafts on the early stage of liver Carcinogenesis in the rat. Carcinogenesis, 5, 1257-1262.
36. Bielschowsky,F. (1944) Distant tumors produced by 2-amino-2-acetylaminofluorene. Br. J. Exp. Pathol., 25, 1-4.
37. Miller,E.C., Miller,J.A. and Hartman,H.A. (1961) N-Hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene: a metabolite of 2-acetylaminofluorene with increased carcinogenic activity in the rat. Cancer Res., 21, 815-824.
38. Weisburger,E.K., Grantham,P.H. and Weisburger,J.H. (1964) Differences in the metabolism of N-hydroxyl-N-2-aminoacetylfluorene. Biochemistry, 3, 808-812.
39. 6 on tumorigenesis in rats ingesting N-2-fluorenylacetamide. Proc. Am. Ass. Cancer Res., 3, 45.
40. Irving,C.C. and Veazey,R.A. (1971) Differences in the binding of 2-AAF and its N-hydroxy metabolite to liver nucleic acids of male and female rats. Cancer Res., 31, 19-22.
41. Gutman,H.R., Malejka-Giganti,D., Barry,E.J. and Rydell,R.E. (1972) On the correlation between the hepatocarcinogenicity of the carcinogen N-2-AAF and its metabolic activation by the liver. Cancer Res., 32, 1554-1561.
42. Kroese,E.D., van de Poll,M.L.M., Mulder,G.J. and Meerman,J.H.N. (1988) The role of N-sulfation in the N-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene-mediated outgrowth of diethylnitrosamine-initiated hepatocytes to γglutamyltranspeptidase-positive foci in male rat liver. Carcinogenesis, 9, 1953-1958.
43. Kriek,E. (1969/1970) On the mechanism of action of carcinogenic aromatic amines. I. Binding of 2-acetylaminofluorene and N-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene to rat liver nucleic acid m vivo. Chemico-Biol. Interact., 1, 3-17.
44. Blanck,A., Astrom,A., Hansson,T., DePierre,J.W. and Gustafsson,J.-A. (1986) Pituitary regulation of cytochrome P-450-mediated metabolism of steroids and xenobiotics in rat liver microsomes. Carcinogenesis, 7, 575-582.
45. Blanck,A., Hanson,T., Eriksson,L.C. and Gustafsson,J.-A. (1987) Growth hormone modifies the growth rate of enzyme-altered hepatic foci in male rats treated according to the resistant hepatocyte model. Carcinogenesis, 8, 1585-1588.
46. Saeter,G., Schwarze,P.E., Nesland,J.M. and Segten.P.O. (1988) 2-Acetylaminofluorene promotion of liver carcinogenesis by a non-cytotoxic mechanism. Carcinogenesis, 9, 581-587.
47. Tatematsu,M., Shirai,T., Tsuda,H., Miyata,Y., Shinohara,Y. and Ito,N. (1977) Rapid production of hyperplastic liver nodules in rats treated with carcinogenic chemicals: a new approach for an m vivo short-term screening test for hepatocarcinogens. Gann, 68, 499-507.
48. Takahashi,S., Lombardi,B. and Shinozuka,H. (1982) Progression of carcinogen-induced foci of γ-glutamyltranspeptidase-positive hepatocytes to hepatomas in rats fed a choline-deficient diet. Int. J. Cancer. 29, 445-450.
49. Greaves,P., Irisarri,E. and Monro,A.M. (1986) Hepatic foci of cellular and enzymatic alteration and nodules in rats treated with clofibrate or diethylnitrosamine followed by phenobarbital: their rate of onset and their reversibility, J. Natl Cancer Inst., 76, 475-484.
50. Herren-Freund,S.L. and Pereira,M.A. (1985) Effect of phenobarbital on the gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase activity and the remodeling of nodules induced by the initiation-selection model. Cancer Lett., 27, 153-161.
51. Hendrich,S., Glauert,H.P. and Pitot,H.C. (1988) Dietary effects on initiation and promotion of hepatocarcinogenesis in the rat. J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol., 114, 149-157.
52. Yager,J.D. and Shi,Y.E. (1991) Synthetic estrogens and tamoxifen as promoters of hepatocarcinogenesis. Preventive Med., 20, 27-37.
53. Ames,B.N., McCann,I. and Yamazaki,E. (1975) Methods for detecting carcinogens and mutagens with the Salmonella/mammalian-microsome mutagenicity test. Mutat. Res., 31, 347-364.
54. Becker,F.F. (1975) Alteration of hepatocytes by subcarcinogenic exposure to N-2-fluorenylacetamide. Cancer Res., 35, 1734-1736.
55. Peraino,C., Fry,R.J.M., Staffeld,E. and Christopher,J.P. (1975) Comparative enhancing effects of phenobarbital, amobarbital, diphenylhydantoin, and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane on 2-AAF-induced hepatic tumorigenesis in the rat. Cancer Res., 35, 2884-2890.
56. Kitagawa,T. and Sugano,H. (1978) Enhancing effect of phenobarbital on the development of enzyme-altered islands and hepatocellular carcinomas initiated by 3′-methyl-4-(dimethylamino)azobenzene or diethylnitrosamine. Gann, 69, 679-687.
57. Peraino,C., Fry,R.J.M., Staffeld,E. and Kivielski,W. (1973) Effect of varying the exposure to phenobarbital on its enhancement of 2-acetylaminofluorene-induced hepatic tumorigenesis in the rat. Cancer Res., 33, 2701-2705.
58. Peraino,C., Fry,R.J.M. and Staffeld,E. (1977) Effect of varying the onset and duration of exposure to phenobarbital on its enhancement of 2-AAF-induced hepatic tumorigenesis. Cancer Res., 37, 3623-3627.
59. Lans,M., De Gerlache,J., Taper,H., Preat,V. and Roberfroid,M. (1983) Phenobarbital as a promoter in the initiation/selection process of experimental rat hepatocarcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis, 4, 141-144.
60. Sirica,A.E., Jicinsky,J.K. and Heyer,E.K. (1984) Effect of chronic phenobarbital administration on the gamma-gjutamyltranspeptidase activity of hyperplastic liver lesions induced in rats by the Solt/Farber initiation: selection process of hepatocarcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis, 12, 1737-1740.
61. Hasegawa,R., Takahashi,S., Imaida,K., Yamaguchi,S., Shirai,T. and Ito,N. (1991) Age-dependent induction of preneoplastic liver cell foci by 2-acetylaminofluorene, phenobarbital, and acetaminophen in F344 rats initially treated with diethylnitrosamine. Jpn. J. Cancer Res., 82, 293-297.
62. Laconi,E., Vasudevan,S., Rao,P.M, Rajalakshimi,S. and Sarma,D.S.R. (1987) Complementarity between two rat liver tumor promoters. Toxicol. Pathol., 15, 198-201.
63. Peraino,C., Fry,R. and Staffeldt,E. (1971) Reduction and enhancement by phenobarbital of hepatocarcinogenesis induced in rats by 2-acetylaminofluorene. Cancer Res., 31, 1506-1512.
64. Préat,V., Lans,M., de Gerlache,J., Taper,H. and Roberfroid,M. (1987) Influence of the duration and delay of administration of phenobarbital on its modulating effect on rat hepatocarcinogenesis. Carcinogenesis, 8, 333-335.
65. Asamoto,M., Tsuda,H., Kagawa,M., de Camargo,J.L.V., Ito,N. and Nagase,S. (1989) Strain differences in susceptibility of 2-AAF and PB promotion of rat hepatocarcinogenesis in a medium-term assay system: quantitation of GSTP-positive foci development. Jpn. J. Cancer Res., 80, 939-944.
66. Gerbracht,U., Bursch,W., Kraus,P., Putz,B., Reinacher,M., Timmermann-Trosiener,I. and Schulte-Hermann, R. (1990) Effects of hypolipidemic drugs nafenopin and clofibrate on phenotypic expression and cell death (apoptosis) in altered foci of rat liver. Carcinogenesis, 11, 617-624.
67. Perera,M.I.R. and Shinozuka,H. (1984) Accelerated regression of carcinogen-induced preneoplastic hepatocyte foci by peroxisome proliferators, BR931, 4-chloro-6-(2,3-xylidino)-2-pyrimidinylthio(N-B-hydroxyethyl)acetamide, and di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate. Carcinogenesis, 5, 1193-1198.