Assessing reliability: Critical corrections for a critical examination of the Rorschach Comprehensive System

Psychological Assessment

Volumn 9, Issue 4, 1997, Pages 480-489

  Meyer, Gregory J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ALASKA ANCHORAGE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY; HUMAN; PERSONALITY TEST; PSYCHOLOGIC ASSESSMENT; PSYCHOMETRY; RELIABILITY; SCORING SYSTEM; STATISTICAL ANALYSIS;

EID: 0031413386     PISSN: 10403590     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/1040-3590.9.4.480     Document Type: Article

References (59)

1. Abraham, P. P., Lepisto, B. L., Lewis, M. G., Schultz, L., & Finkelberg, S. (1994). An outcome study: Changes in Rorschach variables of adolescents in residential treatment. Journal of Personality Assessment, 62, 505-514.
2. Adrian, C., & Kaser-Boyd, N. (1995). The Rorschach Ego Impairment Index in heterogeneous psychiatric patients. Journal of Personality Assessment, 65, 408-414.
3. Atkinson, L. (1986). The comparative validities of the Rorschach and MMPI: A meta-analysis. Canadian Psychology, 27, 238-247.
4. Atkinson, L., Quarrington, B., Alp, I. E., & Cyr, J. I. (1986). Rorschach validity: An empirical approach to the literature. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 42, 360-362.
5. Bartko, J. J. (1991). Measurement and reliability: Statistical thinking considerations. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 17, 483-489.
6. Bartko, J. J., & Carpenter, W. T. (1976). On the methods and theory of reliability. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 163, 307-317.
7. Berg, J. L., Packer, A., & Nunno, V. J. (1993). A Rorschach analysis: Parallel disturbance in thought and in self/object representation. Journal of Personality Assessment, 61, 311-323.
8. Bornstein, R. F. (1996). Construct validity of the Rorschach Oral Dependency Scale: 1967-1995. Psychological Assessment, 8, 200-205.
9. Brauer, B. A. (1992). The signer effect on MMPI performance of deaf respondents. Journal of Personality Assessment, 58, 380-388.
10. Brennan, R. L., & Prediger, D. J. (1981). Coefficient kappa: Some uses, misuses, and alternatives. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 41, 687-699.
11. Cohen, J. (1960). A coefficient of agreement for nominal scales. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 20, 37-46.
12. Dawes, R. M. (1994). House of cards: Psychology and psychotherapy built on myth. New York: Free Press.
13. Exner, J. E., Jr. (1978). The Rorschach: A comprehensive system: Vol. 2. Current research and advanced interpretation. New York: Wiley.
14. Exner, J. E., Jr. (1980). But it's only an inkblot. Journal of Personality Assessment, 44, 563-577.
15. Exner, J. E., Jr. (1986). The Rorschach: A comprehensive system: Vol. 1. Basic foundations (2nd ed.). New York: Wiley.
16. Exner, J. E., Jr. (1988). Problems with brief Rorschach protocols. Journal of Personality Assessment, 52, 640-647.
17. Exner, J. E., Jr. (1991). The Rorschach: A comprehensive system: Vol. 2. Interpretation (2nd ed.). New York: Wiley.
18. Exner, J. E., Jr. (1993). The Rorschach: A comprehensive system: Vol. 1. Basic foundations (3rd ed.). New York: Wiley.
19. Exner, J. E., Jr. (1996). A comment on "The Comprehensive System for the Rorschach: A critical examination." Psychological Science, 7, 11-13.
20. Exner, J. E., Jr., & Andronikof-Sanglade, A. (1992). Rorschach changes following brief and short-term therapy. Journal of Personality Assessment, 59, 59-71.
21. Exner, J. E., Jr., Armbruster, G. L., & Viglione, D. (1978). The temporal stability of some Rorschach features. Journal of Personality Assessment, 42, 474-482.
22. Feldt, L. S., & Brennan, R. L. (1989). Reliability. In R. L. Linn (Ed.), Educational measurement (3rd ed.). New York: Macmillan.
23. Fleiss, J. L. (1981). Statistical methods for rates and proportions (2nd ed.). New York: Wiley.
24. Fleiss, J. L., Cohen, J., & Everett, B. S. (1969). Large sample standard errors of kappa and weighted kappa. Psychological Bulletin, 72, 323-327.
25. Frueh, B. C., & Kinder, B. N. (1994). The susceptibility of the Rorschach Inkblot Test to malingering of combat-related PTSD. Journal of Personality Assessment, 62, 280-298.
26. Frueh, B. C., Leverett, J. P., & Kinder, B. N. (1995). Interrelationship between MMPI-2 and Rorschach variables in a sample of Vietnam veterans with PTSD. Journal of Personality Assessment, 64, 312-318.
27. Ganellen, R. J. (1994). Attempting to conceal psychological disturbance: MMPI defensive response sets and the Rorschach. Journal of Personality Assessment, 63, 423-437.
28. Greco, C. M., & Cornell, D. G. (1992). Rorschach object relations of adolescents who committed homicide. Journal of Personality Assessment, 59, 574-583.
29. Grove, W. M., Andreasen, N. C., McDonald-Scott, P., Keller, M. B., Shapiro, R. W. (1981). Reliability studies of psychiatric diagnosis: Theory and practice. Archives of General Psychiatry, 38, 408-413.
30. Haller, N., & Exner, J. E., Jr. (1985). The reliability of Rorschach variables for inpatients presenting symptoms of depression and/or helplessness. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49, 516-521.
31. Hilsenroth, M. J., Fowler, J. C., Padawer, J. R., & Handler, L. (1997). Narcissism in the Rorschach revisited: Some reflections on empirical data. Psychological Assessment, 9, 113-121.
32. Holaday, M., & Whittenberg, T. (1994). Rorschach responding in children and adolescents who have been severely burned. Journal of Personality Assessment, 62, 269-279.
33. Jones, A. P., Johnson, L. A., Butler, M. C., & Main, D. S. (1983). Apples and oranges: An empirical comparison of commonly used indices of interrater agreement. Academy of Management Journal, 26, 507-519.
34. Kaser-Boyd, N. (1993). Rorschachs of women who commit homicide. Journal of Personality Assessment, 60, 458-470.
35. McDowell, C., & Acklin, M. W. (1996). Standardizing procedures for calculating Rorschach interrater reliability: Conceptual and empirical foundations. Journal of Personality Assessment, 66, 308-320.
36. Meloy, J. R. (1992). Revisiting the Rorschach of Sirhan Sirhan. Journal of Personality Assessment, 58, 548-570.
37. Meloy, J. R., Gacono, C. B., & Kenney, L. (1994). A Rorschach investigation of sexual homicide. Journal of Personality Assessment, 62, 58-67.
38. Meyer, G. J. (1993). The impact of response frequency on the Rorschach constellation indices and on their validity with diagnostic and MMPI-2 criteria. Journal of Personality Assessment, 60, 153-180.
39. Meyer, G. J. (1996a). The Rorschach and MMPI: Toward a more scientifically differentiated understanding of cross-method assessment. Journal of Personality Assessment, 67, 558-578.
40. Meyer, G. J. (1996b). Construct validation of scales derived from the Rorschach method: A review of issues and introduction to the Rorschach Rating Scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 67, 598-628.
41. Meyer, G. J. (1997). On the integration of personality assessment methods: The Rorschach and MMPI. Journal of Personality Assessment, 68, 297-330.
42. Meyer, G. J., & Handler, L. (1997). The ability of the Rorschach to predict subsequent outcome: A meta-analysis of the Rorschach Prognostic Rating Scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 69, 1-38.
43. Netter, B. E. C., & Viglione, D. J., Jr. (1994). An empirical study of malingering schizophrenia on the Rorschach. Journal of Personality Assessment, 62, 45-57.
44. Parker, K. (1983). A meta-analysis of the reliability and validity of the Rorschach. Journal of Personality Assessment, 47, 227-231.
45. Parker, K. C. H., Hanson, R. K., & Hunsley, J. (1988). MMPI, Rorschach, and WAIS: A meta-analytic comparison of reliability, stability, and validity. Psychological Bulletin, 103, 367-373.
46. Perry, W., McDougall, A., & Viglione, D. J., Jr. (1995). A five-year follow-up study on the temporal stability of the Ego Impairment Index. Journal of Personality Assessment, 64, 112-118.
47. Perry, W., Sprock, J., Schaible, D., McDougall, A., Minassian, A., Jenkins, M., & Braff, D. (1995). Amphetamine on Rorschach measures in normal subjects. Journal of Personality Assessment, 64, 456-465.
48. Rosenthal, R. (1991). Meta-analytic procedures for social research. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
49. Schwartz, N. S., Mebane, D. L., Malony, H. N. (1990). Effects of alternate modes of administration on Rorschach performance of deaf adults. Journal of Personality Assessment, 54, 671-683.
50. Shrout, P. E., Spitzer, R. L., & Fleiss, J. L. (1987). Quantification of agreement in psychiatric diagnosis revisited. Archives of General Psychiatry, 44, 172-177.
51. Silberg, J. L., & Armstrong, J. G. (1992). The Rorschach test for predicting suicide among depressed adolescent inpatients. Journal of Personality Assessment, 59, 290-303.
52. Singer, H. K., & Brabender, V. (1993). The use of the Rorschach to differentiate unipolar and bipolar disorders. Journal of Personality Assessment, 60, 333-345.
53. Sloan, P., Arsenault, L., Hilsenroth, M., Harvill, L., & Handler, L. (1995). Rorschach measures of posttraumatic stress in Persian Gulf war veterans. Journal of Personality Assessment, 64, 397-414.
54. Traub, R. E. (1994). Reliability for the social sciences: Theory and application. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
55. Weiner, I. B. (1991). Editor's note: Interscorer agreement in Rorschach research. Journal of Personality Assessment, 56, 1.
56. Wood, J. M., Nezworski, M. T., & Stejskal, W. J. (1996a). The Comprehensive System for the Rorschach: A critical examination. Psychological Science, 7, 3-10.
57. Wood, J. M., Nezworski, M. T., & Stejskal, W. J. (1996b). Thinking critically about the Comprehensive System for the Rorschach: A reply to Exner. Psychological Science, 7, 14-17.
58. Yama, M. F., Call, S. E., Entezari, P. (1993). A new test of an old hypothesis: A quantification of sequence in the Rorschach. Journal of Personality Assessment, 60, 60-73.
59. Zwick, R. (1988). Another look at interrater agreement. Psychological Bulletin, 103, 374-378.