Controls of erosional denudation in the orogen on foreland basin evolution: The Oligocene central Swiss Molasse Basin as an example

Tectonics

Volumn 16, Issue 5, 1997, Pages 823-840

  Schlunegger, Fritz ^a,c   Jordan, Teresa E ^a   Klaper, Eva Maria ^b  

^a Department of Obstetrics Gynecology   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BERN   (Switzerland)

^c FRIEDRICH SCHILLER UNIVERSITY JENA   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EROSION; RIVERS; SEDIMENTOLOGY; TECTONICS;

CHRONOLOGICAL DATUM; CRUSTAL THICKENINGS; SEDIMENT ACCUMULATION; SEDIMENT SUPPLY; SEDIMENT SUPPLY RATES; SEDIMENTARY CYCLES; TECTONIC EVENTS; THREE-DIMENSIONAL RECONSTRUCTION;

SEDIMENTS;

DENUDATION; EROSION; FORELAND BASIN; OLIGOCENE; PALAEOGEOGRAPHY; SEDIMENTATION; TECTONICS;

SWITZERLAND, MOLASSE BASIN;

EID: 0031412471     PISSN: 02787407     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/97TC01657     Document Type: Article

References (83)

1. Beaumont, C., Foreland basins, Geophys. J. R. Astron., Soc., 65, 291-329, 1981.
2. Berli, S., Die Geologie des Sommersberges (Kantone St. Gallen und Appenzell), Ber. St. Gal. Natf. Ges., 82, 112-145, 1985.
3. Burkhard, M., L'Hélvetique de la bordure occidentale du massif de l'Aar (évolution tectonique et métamorphique), Eclogae Geol. Helv., 81, 63-114, 1988.
4. Buxtorf, A., T. Tobler, G. Niethammer, E. Baumberger, P. Arbenz, and W. Staub, Geologische Vierwaldstätterseekarte, scale 1:50000 (Spezialkarte 66a), Schweiz. Geol. Komm., Basel, 1916.
5. Crampton, S.L., and P.A. Allen, Recognition of forebulge unconformities associated with early stage foreland basin development Example from the north Alpine foreland basin, AAPG Bull., 79, 1495-1514, 1995.
6. DeCelles, P.G., and G. Mitra, History of the Sevier orogenic wedge in terms of critical taper wedge models, northeast Utah and southwest Wyoming, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 107, 454-462, 1995.
7. Dempster, T.J., Isotope systematics in mine rals: Biotite rejuvenation and exchange during Alpine metamorphism, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 78, 355-367, 1986.
8. Deutsch, A., and H. Steiger, Hornblende K-Ar ages and the climax of Tertiary metamorphism in the Lepontine Alps (south-central Switzerland): An old problem reassessed, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 72, 175-189, 1985.
9. Diem, B., Die Untere Meeresmolasse zwischen der Saane (Westschweiz) und der Ammer (Oberbayern), Eclogae Geol. Helv., 79, 493-559, 1986.
10. Engi, M., S.C. Todd, and D.R. Schmatz, Tertiary metamorphic conditions in the eastern Lepontine Alps, Schweiz. Mineral. Petrogr. Mitt., 75, 347-396, 1995.
11. Erdelbrock, K., Diagenese und schwache Metamorphose im Helvetikum der Ostschweiz 'Inkohlung und Illit-'Kristallinität', Ph.D. thesis, 220 pp., Univ. of Aachen, Aachen, Germany, 1994.
12. Flemings, P.B., and T.E. Jordan, A synthetic stratigraphic model of foreland basin development, J. Geophys. Res., 94, 3851-3866, 1989.
13. Flemings, P.B., and T.E. Jordan, Stratigraphic modelling of foreland basins: Interpreting thrust deformation and lithospheric rheology, Geology, 18, 430-434, 1990.
14. Frey, M., K. Bucher, E. Frank, and J. Mullis, Alpine metamorphism along the Geotraverse Basel-Chaisso - a review, Eclogae Geol. Helv., 73, 527-546, 1980a.
15. Frey, M., M. Teichmüller, R. Teichmüller, J. Mullis, B. Künzi, A. Breitschmid, U. Grander, and B. Schwizer, Very low-grade metamorphism in the external parts of the Central Alps: illite crystallinity, coal rank and fluid inclusion data, Eclogae Geol. Helv., 73, 173-203, 1980b.
16. Füchtbauer, H., Die Schüttungen im Chatt und Aquitan der deutschen Alpenvorlandmolasse, Eclogae Geol. Helv., 51, 928-941, 1959.
17. Füchtbauer, H., Sedimentpetrographische Untersuchungen in der älteren Molasse nördlich der Alpen, Eclogae Geol. Helv., 61, 157-298, 1964.
18. Gasser, U., Die innere Zone der subalpinen Molasse des Entlebuchs (Kt. Luzern), Geologie und Sedimentologie, Eclogae Geol. Helv., 61, 229-313, 1968.
19. Giger, M., Geochronologische und petrographische Studien an Geröllen und Sedimenten der Gonfolite Lambarda Gruppe (Südschweiz und Norditalien) und ihr Vergleich mit dem alpinen Hinterland, Ph.D. thesis, 227 pp., Univ. of Bern, Bern, 1991.
20. Gulson, B. L., Age relations in the Bergell region of the southeast Swiss Alps, with some geochemical comparisons, Eclogae Geol. Helv., 66, 293-314, 1973.
21. Hetényi, M., Beams on Elastic Foundation, 255 pp., Univ. of Mich. Press, Ann Arbor, 1946.
22. Homewood, P., P.A. Allen, and G.D. Williams, Dynamics of the Molasse Basin of western Switzerland, in Foreland Basins, edited by P.A. Allen and P. Homewood, Spec. Publ. Int. Assoc. Sedimentol., 8, 199-217, 1986.
23. Hunziker, J.C., J. Desmons, and A.J. Hurford, Thirty-two years of geochronological work in the central and western Alps; a review of seven maps, Mem. Geol. Lausanne, 13, 59 pp., 1992.
24. Hurford, A.J., Cooling and uplift patterns in the Lepontine Alps south central Switzerland and an age of vertical movement on the Insubric fault line, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 93, 413-427, 1986.
25. Hurford, A.J., Uplift and cooling pathways derived from fission track analysis and mica dating: A review, Geol. Rundsch., 80, 349-368, 1991.
26. Hurford, A.J., M. Flysch, and E. Jäger, Unraveling the thermc-tectonic evolution of the Alps: A contribution from fission track analysis and mica dating, in Alpine Tectonics, edited by M. Coward et al., Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ., 45, 298-369, 1989.
27. Hurni, A., Geologie und Hydrogeologie des Truebtales, Master's thesis, 153 pp., Univ. of Bern, Bern, 1991.
28. Jäger, E., E. Niggli, and E. Wenk, Rb-Sr Altersbestimmungen an Glimmern der Zentralalpen, Beitr. Geol. Karte Schweiz, 134, 67 pp., 1967.
29. Johnson, D.D., and C. Beaumont, Premlimianary results from a planform kinematic model of orogen evolution, surface processes and the development of clastic foreland basin stragraphy, in Stratigraphic Evolution of Foreland Basins, edited by S.L. Dorobek and G.M. Ross, Spec. Publ. Soc. Econ. Paleontol. Mineral., 52, 3-24, 1995.
30. Jordan, T.E., Thrust loads and foreland basin evolution, Cretaceous, western United States, AAPG Bull., 65, 2506-2520, 1981.
31. Jordan, T. E., Retroarc foreland and related basins, in Tectonics of Sedimentary Basins, edited by R.V. Ingersoll and K. Busby, pp. 331-362, Blackwell Sci., Cambridge, Mass., 1995.
32. Jordan, T.E., and P.B. Flemings, Large-scale stratigraphic architecture, eustatic variation, and unsteady tectonism: A theoretical evaluation, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 6681-6699, 1991.
33. Karner, G.D., and A.B. Watts, Gravity anomalies and flexure of the lithosphere at mountain ranges, J. Geophys. Res., 88, 10477-10499, 1983.
34. Keller, B., Fazies und Stratigraphie der Oberen Meeresmolasse (Unteres Miozän) zwischen Napf und Bodensee, Ph.D. thesis, 277 pp., Univ. of Bern, Bern, 1989.
35. Koeppel, V., and M. Grünenfelder, Concordant U-Pb ages of monazite and xenotime from the Central Alps and the high-temperature Alpine metamorphism, a preliminary report, Schweiz. Mineral. Petrogr. Mitt., 55, 129-132, 1975.
36. Laubscher, H.P., Deep seismic data from the central Alps: Mass distributions and their kinematics, in Deep structure of the Alps, edited by F. Roure et al., Mém. Soc. Géol. France, 156, 335-343, 1990.
37. Lihou, J.C., and P.A. Allen, Importance of inherited rift margin structures in the early North Alpine Foreland Basin, Switzerland, Basin Res., 8, 425-442, 1996.
38. Lyon-Caen, H., and P. Molnar, Constraints on the deep structure and dynamic processes beneath the Alps and adjacent regions from an analysis of gravity anomalies, Geophys. J. Int., 99, 19-32, 1989.
39. Matter, A., Sedimentologische Untersuchungen im östlichen Napfgebiet (Entlebuch - Tal der Grossen Fontanne, Kt. Luzern), Eclogae Geol. Helv., 57, 315-428, 1964.
40. Matter, A., P. Homewood, C. Caron, D. Rigassi, J. Van Stujivenberg, M. Weidmann, and W. Winkler, Flysch and molasse of western and central Switzerland, in Geology of Switzerland, a guidebook, Part B, Excursions, edited by R. Trümpy, pp. 261-293, Schweiz. Geol. Komm., Basel, 1980.
41. Menkveld, J.W., Der geologische Bau des Helvetikums der Innerschweiz, 1, Text, Ph.D. thesis, 165 pp., Univ. of Bern, Bern, 1995.
42. Michalski, I., and M. Soom, The Alpine thermo-tectonic evolution of the Aar and Gotthard massifs, central Switzerland: Fission track ages on zircon and apatite and K-Ar mica ages, Schweiz. Mineral. Petrogr. Mitt., 70, 373-387, 1990.
43. Milnes, A.G., and O.A. Pfiffner, Structural development of the Infrahelvetic Complex, eastern Switzerland, Eclogae Geol. Helv., 70, 83-95, 1977.
44. Milnes, A.G., and O.A. Pfiffner, Tectonic evolution of the Central Alps in the cross section St. Gallen-Como, Eclogae Geol. Helv., 73, 619-633, 1980.
45. Müller, H.P., Geologische Untersuchungen in der subalpinen Molasse zwischen Einsiedeln und oberem Zürichsee (Kt. Schwyz), Vjschr. Natf. Ges. Zürich, 16, 153 pp., 1971.
46. Naef, H., P. Diebold, and S. Schlanke, Sedimentation und Tektonik im Tertiär der Nordschweiz, NAGRA Tech. Ber., 85-14, 145 pp., Natl. Genoss. für die Lager. Radioaktiv. Abfälle, Baden, Switzerland, 1985.
47. Okaya, N., S. Cloetingh, and S. Müller, A lithospheric cross-section through the Swiss Alps, II, Constraints on the mechanical structure of a continent-continent collision zone, Geophys. J. Int., 127, 399-414, 1996a.
48. Okaya, N., R. Freeman, E. Kissling, and S. Müller, A lithospheric cross-section through the Swiss Alps, I, Thermokinematic modelling of the Neoalpine orogeny, Geophys. J. Int., 125, 504-518, 1996b.
49. Ottiger, R., M. Freimoser, H. Jäckli, J. Kopp, and E. Müller, Geologischer Atlas der Schweiz , Blatt 131 pp., Zug (89), scale 1:25000, Schweiz. Geol. Komm., Basel, 1990.
50. Paola, C., P.L. Heller, and C.L. Angevine, The large-scale dynamics of grain-size variation in alluvial basins, 1, Theory, Basin Res., 4, 73-90, 1992.
51. Peper, T., Tectonic Control on the Sedimentary Record in Foreland Basins: Inferences From Quantitative Subsidence Analyses and Stratigraphic Modeling, CIP-Data, 177pp., Koninklijke Bibl., Den Haag, Netherlands, 1993.
52. Pfiffner, O.A., Evolution of the north Alpine foreland basin in the Central Alps, in Foreland Basins, edited by P.A. Allen and P. Homewood, Spec. Publ. Int. Assoc. Sedimentol. 8, 219-228, 1986.
53. Pfiffner, O.A., Alpine orogeny, in The European Geotraverse, edited by D. Blundell et al., pp. 180-189, Cambridge Univ. Press, New York, 1992.
54. Pfiffner, O.A., S. Sahli, and M. Stäuble, Structure and evolution of the external basement uplifts (Aar, Aiguilles Rouges/Mt. Blanc), in Deep Structure of the Swiss Alps: Results of the National Research Program 20 (NRP 20), edited by O.A. Pfiffner et al., pp. 139-153, Birkhäuser, Boston, Mass., 1996.
55. Rahn, M., J. Mullis, K. Erdelbrock, and M. Frey, Very low-grade metamorphism of the Taveyanne greywacke, Glarus Alps, Switzerland, J. Metamorph. Geol., 12, 625-641, 1994.
56. Rahn, M., S. Mullis, K. Erdelbrock, and M. Frey, Alpine metamorphism in the North Helvetic Flysch of the Glarus Alps, Switzerland, Eclogae Geol. Helv., 88, 625-178, 1995.
57. Rey, D., T. Quarta, P. Mouge, M. Miletto, R. Lanza, A. Galdeano, M.T. Carozzo, E. Armando, and R. Bayer, Gravity and aeromagnetic maps on the western Alps: Contribution to the knowledge on the deep structures along the Ecors-Crop seismic profile, in Deep Structure of the Alps, edited by F. Roure et al., Mém. Soc. Géol. France, 156, 107-122, 1990.
58. Royden, L.H., The tectonic expression slab pull at continental convergent boundaries, Tectonics, 12, 303-325, 1993.
59. Schegg, R., The coalification profile of the well Weggis (Subalpine Molasse, central Switzerland): Implications for erosion estimates and the paleogeothermal regime in the external part of the Alps, Bull. Ver. Schweiz. Pet. Geol. Ing., 61, 57-67, 1994.
60. Schlanke, S., Geologie der subalpinen Molasse zwischen Biberbrugg/SZ, Hütten/ZH und Aegerisee/ZG, Schweiz, Eclogae Geol. Helv., 67, 243-331, 1974.
61. Schlunegger, F., A. Matter, and M.A. Mange, Alluvial fan sedimentation and structure of the southern Molasse Basin margin, Lake Thun area, Switzerland, Eclogae Geol. Helv., 86, 717-750, 1993.
62. Schlunegger, F., D.W. Burbank, A. Matter, B. Engesser, and C. Mödden, Magnetostratigraphic calibration of the Oligocene to Middle Miocene (30-15 Ma) mammal biozones and depositional sequences of the Swiss Molasse basin, Eclogae Geol. Helv., 89, 753-788, 1996.
63. Schlunegger, F., A. Matter, D.W. Burbank, and E.M. Klaper, Magnetosiratigraphic constraints on relationships between evolution of the central Swiss Molasse Basin and Alpine orogenic events, Geol. Soc. Am. Bull., 109, 225-241, 1997a.
64. Schlunegger, F., A. Matter, D.W. Burbank, W. Leu, M.A. Mange, and J. Màtyàs, Sedimentary sequences, seismofacies and evolution of the depositional systems of the Oligo/Miocene Lower Freshwater Molasse Group, Switzerland, Basin Res., 9, 1-26, 1997b.
65. Schmid, S.M., and N. Froitzheim, Oblique slip and block rotation along the Engadine Line, Eclogue Geol. Helv., 86, 569-593, 1994.
66. Schmid, S.M., H.R. Aebli, F. Heller, and A. Zingg, The role of the Periadriatic Line in the tectonic evolution of the Alps, in Alpine Tectonics, edited by M. Coward et al., Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ. London, 45, 153-171, 1989.
67. Schmid, S.M., O.A. Pfiffner, N. Froitzheim, G. Schönborn, and E. Kissling, Geophysicalgeological transect and tectonic evolution of the Swiss-Italian Alps, Tectonics, 15, 1036-1064, 1996.
68. Schönborn, G., Alpine tectonics and kinematic models of the central Southern Alps, Mem. Sci. Geol. Padova, 44, 229-393, 1992.
69. Sinclair, H.D., Plan-view curvature of foreland basins and its implications for the palaeostrength of the lithosphere underlying the western Alps, Basin Res., 8, 173-182, 1996.
70. Sinclair, H.P., and P.A. Allen, Vertical versus horizontal motions in the Alpine orogenic wedge: Stratigraphic response in the foreland basin, Basin Res., 4, 215-232, 1992.
71. Sinclair, H.D., B.J. Coakley, P.A. Allen, and A.B. Watts, Simulation of foreland basin stratigraphy using a diffusion model of mountain belt uplift and erosion: An example from the central Alps, Switzerland, Tectonics, 10, 599-620, 1991.
72. Soom, M., Spaltspurdatierungen entlang des NFP 20-Westprofils (Externmassive und Penninikum), Schweiz. Mineral. Petrogr. Mitt., 69, 191-192, 1990.
73. Speck, J., Geröllstudien in der subalpinen Molasse am Zugersee und Versuch einer paläogeographischen Auswertung, Ph.D. thesis, 175 pp., Univ. of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland, 1953.
74. Stäubte, M., and O.A. Pfiffner, Processing interpretation and modeling of seismic reflection data in the Molasse Basin of eastern Switzerland, Eclogae Geol. Helv., 94, 151-175, 1991.
75. Steck, A., and J. Hunziker, The Tertiary structural and thermal evolution of the Central Alps - Compressional and extensional structures in an orogenic belt, Tectonophysics, 238, 229-254, 1994.
76. Steiger, R., Dating of orogenic phases in the Central Alps by K-Ar ages of hornblende, J. Geophys. Res., 69, 5407-5421, 1964.
77. Stürm, B . , Die Rigischüttung. Sedimentpetrographie, Sedimentologie, Paläogeographie, Tektonik, Ph.D. thesis, 98 pp., Univ. of Zürich, Zürich, 1973.
78. Tanner, H., Beitrag zur Geologie der Molasse zwischen Ricken und Hörnli, Mitt. Geol. Inst. Eidg. Tech. Hochsch. Zürich, C/22, 108 pp., 1944.
79. Turcotte, D.L., and G. Schubert, Geodynamics: Application of continuum physics to geological problems, 650 pp., John Wiley, New York, 1982.
80. Vollmayr, T., and A. Wendt, Die Erdgasbohrung Entlebuch-1, ein Tiefenaufschluss am Alpennordrand, Bull. Ver. Schweiz. Pet. Geol. Ing., 53, 67-79, 1987.
81. Wang, H., M. Frey, and W.B. Stern, Diagenesis and incipient metamorphism of the Helvetic Alps, eastern Switzerland: Clay mineral data, Schweiz. Mineral. Petrogr. Mitt., 75, 187-199, 1995.
82. Waschbusch, P.J., and L.H. Royden, Spatial and temporal evolution of foredeep basins: Lateral strength variations and inelastic yielding in continental lithosphere, Basin Res., 4, 179-196, 1992.
83. Watts, A.B., and W.B.F. Ryan, Flexure of the lithosphere and continental margin basins, Tectonophysics, 36, 25-44, 1976.