Growth and fatty acid composition of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) spat fed a microalga and microcapsules containing varying amounts of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid

Journal of Shellfish Research

Volumn 16, Issue 2, 1997, Pages 447-453

  Knauer, Jens ^a   Southgate, Paul C ^a  

^a JAMES COOK UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

Crassostrea gigas; DHA; EPA; Microcapsules; Nutrition; Oysters

Indexed keywords

CRASSOSTREA GIGAS;

EID: 0031408967     PISSN: 07308000     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Albentosa, M., U. Labarta, M. J. Fernández-Reiriz & A. Pérez-Camacho. 1996. Fatty acid composition of Ruditapes decussatus spat fed on different microalgae diets. Comp Biochem. Physiol. 113A:113-119.
2. Albentosa, M., U. Labarta, A. Pérez-Camacho, M. J. Fernández-Reiriz & R. Beiras. 1994. Fatty acid composition of Venerupis pullastra spat fed on different microalgae diets. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 108A:639-648.
3. Bell, M. V., R. J. Henderson & J. R. Sargent. 1986. The role of polyunsaturated fatty acids in fish. Comp. Biochem. Physiol, 83B:711-719.
4. Brown, M. R., S. M. Barrett, J. K. Volkman, S. P. Nearhos, J. A. Nell & G. L. Allan. 1996. Biochemical composition of new yeasts and bacteria as food for bivalve aquaculture. Aquaculture. 143:341-360.
5. Brown, M. R. & S. W. Jeffrey. 1992. Biochemical composition of microalgae from the green algal classes Chlorophyceae and Prasinophyceae. 1. Amino acids, sugars and pigments. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 161:91-113.
6. Castell, J. D. 1983. Fatty acid metabolism in crustaceans, pp. 124-145. In: G. D. Pruder, C. J. Langdon, and D. E. Conklin (eds.). Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Aquaculture Nutrition: Biochemical and Physiological Approaches to Shellfish Nutrition. October 27-29, 1981, Rehoboth Beach, Delaware. Louisiana State University Press, Baton Rouge.
7. Chu, F. L. E. & J. Greaves. 1991. Metabolism of palmitic, linoleic, and linolenic acids in adult oysters, Crassostrea virginica. Mar. Biol. 110:229-236.
8. Chu, F. L. E., K. L. Webb, D. Hepworth & B. B. Casey. 1987. Metamorphosis of larvae of Crassostrea virginica fed microencapsulated diets. Aquaculture 64:185-197.
9. Chu, F. L. E., K. L. Webb, D. Hepworth & M. Roberts. 1982. The acceptability and digestibility of microcapsules by larvae of Crassostrea virginica. J. Shellfish Res. 2:29-34.
10. Coutteau, P., J. D. Castell, R. G. Ackman & P. Sorgeloos. 1996. The use of lipid emulsions as carriers for essential fatty acids in bivalves: a test case with juvenile Placopecten magellanicus. J. Shellfish Res. 15:259-264.
11. Delaunay, F., Y. Marty, J. Moal & J. F. Samain. 1993. The effect of monospecific algal diets on growth and fatty acid composition of Pecten maximus (L.) larvae. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 173:163-179.
12. De Moreno, J. E. A., V. J. Moreno & R. R. Brenner. 1976. Lipid metabolism of the yellow clam Mesodesma mactroides: 2. Polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism. Lipids. 11:561-566.
13. Dunstan, G. A., J. K. Volkman & S. M. Barrett. 1993. The effect of lyophilization on the solvent extraction of lipid classes, fatty acids and sterols from the oyster Crassostrea gigas. Lipids. 28:937-944.
14. Dunstan, G. A., J. K. Volkman, G. B. Maguire, S. M. Hindrum & D. Johns. 1996. Effect of amount and type of dietary lipid on abalone growth rates. Third Annual Abalone Aquaculture Workshop, Lincoln Marine Science Centre, Port Lincoln, August 16-18, 1996.
15. Enright, C. T., G. F. Newkirk, J. S. Craigie & J. D. Castell. 1986a. Evaluation of phytoplankton as diets for juvenile Ostrea edulis L. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 96:1-13.
16. Enright, C. T., G. F. Newkirk, J. S. Craigie & J. D. Castell. 1986b. Growth of juvenile Ostrea edulis L. fed Chaetoceros gracilis Schütt of varied chemical composition. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 96:15-26.
17. Epifanio, C. E. 1979. Comparison of yeast and algal diets for bivalve molluscs. Aquaculture. 16:187-192.
18. Guillard, R. R. 1975. Culture of phytoplankton for feeding marine invertebrates, pp. 29-60. In: W. L. Smith & M. H. Chanley (eds.). Culture of Marine Invertebrate Animals. Plenum Press, New York.
19. Hayashi, K. & T. Takagi. 1977. Occurrence of branched- and odd-chain fatty acids in a mud-feeding sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus tranciscanus. Bull. Foe. Hokkaido Univ. 28:40-46.
20. Helm, M. M. & I. Laing. 1987. Preliminary observations on the nutritional value of "Tahiti Isochrysis" to bivalve larvae. Aquaculture. 62:281-288.
21. Ibeas, C., M. S. Izquierdo & A. Lorenzo. 1994. Effect of different levels of n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acids on growth and fatty acid composition of juvenile gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata). Aquaculture. 127:177-188.
22. Kalogeropoulos, N., M. N. Alexis & R. J. Henderson. 1992. Effects of dietary soybean and cod-liver oil levels on growth and body composition of gilthead bream (Sparus aurata). Aquaculture. 104:293-308.
23. Kanazawa, A., S. Teshima, S. Tokiwa, M. Endo & F. A. A. Razek. 1979a. Effects of short-necked clam phospholipid on growth of prawn. Bull. Jpn. Soc. Sci. Fish. 45:961-965.
24. Kanazawa, A., S. Teshima, S. Tokiwa, M. Kayama & M. Hirata. 1979b. Essential fatty acids in the diet of prawn. II. Effect of docosahexaenoic acid on growth. Bull. Jpn. Soc. Sci. Fish. 45:1151-1153.
25. Kaneda, T. 1967. Fatty acids in the genus Bacillus. I. ISO and anteiso-fatty acids as characteristic constituents of lipids in 10 species. J. Bacteriol. 93:894-903.
26. Knauer, J. & P. C. Southgate. 1996. Nutritional value of a spray-dried freshwater alga, Spongiococcum excentricum, for Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) spat. Aquaculture. 146:135-146.
27. Knauer, J. & P. C. Southgate. 1997a. Growth and fatty acid composition of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) spat fed a spray-dried freshwater microalga (Spongiococcum excentricum) and microencapsulated lipids. Aquaculture. (In press).
28. Knauer, J. & P. C. Southgate. 1997b. Assimilation of gelatin-acacia microencapsulated lipid by Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) spat. Aquaculture, (in press).
29. Kontara, E. K., P. Lavens & P. Sorgeloos. 1995. Dietary effects of DHA/EPA on culture performance and fatty acid composition of Penaeus monodon postlarvae. pp. 204-208. In: P. Lavens, E. Jaspers, and I. Roelants (eds.). Larvi '95-Fish & Shellfish Larviculture Symposium. European Aquaculture Society, Special Publication No. 24, Gent, Belgium.
30. Kreeger, D. A. & C. J. Langdon. 1993. Effect of dietary protein content on growth of juvenile mussels, Mytilus trossulus (Gould 1850). Biol. Bull. 185:123-139.
31. Laing, I., A. R. Child & A. Janke. 1990. Nutritional value of dried algae diets for larvae of Manila clam (Tapes philippinarum). J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 70:1-12.
32. Langdon, C. J. & E. T. Bolton. 1984. A microparticulate diet for a suspension-feeding bivalve mollusc, Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin). J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 82:239-258.
33. Langdon, C. J. & A. E. DeBevoise. 1990. Effect of microcapsule type on delivery of dietary protein to a marine suspension-feeder, the oyster Crassostrea gigas. Mar. Biol. 105:437-443.
34. Langdon, C. J. & M. J. Waldock. 1981. The effect of algal and artificial diets on the growth and fatty acid composition of Crassostrea gigas spat. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 61:431-448.
35. Naessens, E., A. Van Hauwaert, M. L. Cobo, S. Townsend, X. Ramos, R. Wouters & P. Lavens. 1995. Dietary n-3 HUFA and DHA/EPA requirements of P. vannamei postlarvae. pp. 217-220. In: P. Lavens, E. Jaspers, and I. Roelants (eds.). Larvi '95-Fish & Shellfish Larviculture Symposium. European Aquaculture Society, Special Publication No. 24, Gent, Belgium.
36. Numaguchi, K. & J. A. Nell, 1991. Effects of gelatin-acacia microcapsule and algal meal supplementation of algal diets on growth rates of Sydney rock oyster, Saccostrea commercials (Iredale & Roughley), larvae. Aquaculture. 94:65-78.
37. Sargent, J. R., R. J. Henderson & D. R. Tocher. 1989. The lipids. pp. 153-218. In: J. E. Halver (ed.). Fish Nutrition. 2nd ed. Academic Press, London.
38. Southgate, P. C. 1988. Use of microencapsulated diets in the culture of giant clam larvae. pp. 155-160. In: J. W. Copland and J. S. Lucas (eds.). Giant Clams in Asia and the Pacific ACIAR, Canberra.
39. Southgate, P. C. & D. C. Lou. 1995. Improving the n-3 HUFA composition of Artemia using microcapsules containing marine oils. Aquaculture. 134:91-99.
40. Thompson, P. A., M. Guo & P. J. Harrison. 1993. The influence of irradiance on the biochemical composition of three phytoplankton species and their nutritional value for larvae of the Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas). Mar. Biol. 117:259-268.
41. Thompson, P. A., M. Guo & P. J. Harrison. 1996. Nutritional value of diets that vary in fatty acid composition for larval Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas). Aquaculture. 143:379-391.
42. Thompson, P. A. & Harrison, P. J. 1992. Effects of monospecific algal diets of varying biochemical composition on the growth and survival of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) larvae. Mar. Biol. 113:645-654.
43. Uki, N., M. Sigiura & T. Watanabe 1986. Requirement of essential fatty acids in the abalone Haliotis discus hannai. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi. 52:1013-1023.
44. Utting, S. D. 1985. Influence of nitrogen availability on the biochemical composition of three unicellular marine algae of commercial importance. Aquacult. Engng. 4:175-190.
45. Vanderploeg, H. A., J. R. Liebig & A. A. Gluck. 1996. Evaluation of different phytoplankton for supporting development of Zebra mussel larvae (Dreissena polymorpha): the importance of size and polyunsaturated fatty acid content. J. Great Lakes Res. 22:36-45.
46. Waldock, M. J. & D. L. Holland. 1984. Fatty acid metabolism in young oysters, Crassostrea gigas: polyunsaturated fatty acids. Lipids. 19:332-336.
47. Waldock, M. J. & I. A. Nascimento. 1979. The triacylglycerol composition of Crassostrea gigas larvae fed on different algal diets. Mar. Biol. Lett. 1:77-86.
48. Webb, K. L. & F. L. E. Chu. 1983. Phytoplankton as a food source for bivalve larvae, pp. 272-291. In: G. D. Pruder, C. J. Langdon, and D. E. Conklin (eds.). Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Aquaculture Nutrition: Biochemical and Physiological Approaches to Shellfish Nutrition. October 27-29, 1981, Rehoboth Beach, Delaware. Louisiana State University Press, Baton Rouge.
49. Whyte, J. N. C. 1988. Fatty acid profiles from direct methanolysis of lipids in tissue of cultured species. Aquaculture. 75:193-203.
50. Wikfors, G. H., G. W. Patterson, P. Ghosh, R. A. Lewin, B. C. Smith & J. H. Alix. 1996. Growth of post-set oysters, Crassostrea virginica, on high-lipid strains of algal flagellates Tetraselmis spp. Aquaculture. 143: 411-419.