Spontaneous rural migration in southern Sri Lanka–the migrants and the determinants of out–migration

Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift

Volumn 51, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 127-143

  Vandsemb, Berit Helene ^a  

^a OSLO METROPOLITAN UNIVERSITY   (Norway)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AGRICULTURAL FRONTIER; FRONTIER SETTLEMENT; MIGRATION DETERMINANTS; RURAL MIGRATION;

SRI LANKA;

EID: 0031408735     PISSN: 00291951     EISSN: 15025292     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/00291959708545891     Document Type: Article

References (65)

1. Abeysekera, D., 1951. “ Regional patterns of intercensal and lifetime migration in Sri Lanka ”. In Papers of the EastWest Population Institute Honolulu, Hawaii
2. Abeysekera, D., 1984. “ Rural to rural migration in Sri Lanka ”. In Rural Migration in Developing Nations, Edited by:Goldscheider, C., 109–207. Boulder:Westview Press.
3. Atapattu, D., 1954. Employment and Income Generation in Agriculture in the District of Hambantota, Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka:ILO-ARTEP.
4. Bislsborrow, R.E., 1987. The impact of origin community characteristics on rural–urban out–migration in a developing country. Demography, 24:191–210.
5. Boserup, E., 1965. The Conditions of Agricultural Growth, Chicago:Aldine Publishing Company. 8th edition
6. Brow, J., 1992. “ Themes in agrarian change ”. In Agrarian Change in Sri Lanka, Edited by:Brow, J., and Weeramunda, J., 41–60. New Delhi/Newbury Park/London:Sage Publications.
7. Brown, L. A., 1991. Place, Migration and Development in the Third World, London and New York:Routledge.
8. Brown, L. A., and Lawson, V. A., 1985. Rural–destined migration in Third World settings:a neglected phenomenon?. Regional Studies, 19:415–432.
9. Connell, J., 1976. “ Migration from Rural Areas ”. In The Evidence from Village Studies, Delhi.:Oxford University Press.
10. Dale, R., 1992. Organization of Regional Development Work, Ratmalana:Sarvodaya Book Publishing Services.
11. Dayananda, J. K., 1981. Socio–economic sumey of the tiambantota district, National Institute of Business Management of Sri Lanka and Research Institute for Management Science of The Netherlands.
12. Department of Census & Statistics. 1980. Basic Village Statistics 1977:Hambantota District, Colombo:Ministry of plan implementation.
13. Department of Census & Statistics. 1984. “ Sri Lanka Ciensus of Agriculture 1982 ”. In Smallholding Sector, Colombo:Ministry of plan implementation. Hambantota District Report
14. Department of Census & Statistics. 1986. Census of Population and Housing 1981, Colombo.:Ministry of plan implementation. General report volume 3
15. De Vroey, M., and Shanmugaratnam, N., 1984. Peasant Resettlement in Sri Lanka, Louvain–la–Neuve.:Tricontinental Centre.
16. Eastwood, D. A., 1979. Motivation and intra–rural migration:a case study in Merida State, Venezuela. The Journrrl of Tropical Geography, 49:1–10.
17. Eckholm, E., 1979. The dispossessed of the earth:land reform and sustainable development. Worldwatch Paper, 30
18. Edirisinghe, N., “ The food stamp scheme in Sri Lanka:costs, benefits, and options for modification ”. In Research Report 58, 1987:International Food Policy Research Institute.
19. Esman, M. J., 1978. Landlessness and Near–Landlessness in Developing Countries, Ithaca:Cornell University Center for International Studies.
20. Farmer, B. H., 1957. Pioneer Peasant Colonisation in Ceylon, Oxford:Oxford University Press.
21. Fernando, T., 1979. “ Aspects of social stratification ”. In Modern Sri Lanka:A society in transition, Edited by:Fernando, T., and Kearney, R. N., 29–42. New York:Syracuse University.
22. Findlay, A., 1992. Population geography. Progress in Human Geography, 16:88–97.
23. Findley, S. E., 1987. “ Rural Development and Migration ”. In A Study of Family Choices in the Philippines, Boulder and London.:Westview Press.
24. Forbes, D. K., 1981. The Geography of Underdevelopment, London and Sydney.:Croom Helm.
25. Gardner, R. W., 1981. “ Macrolevel influences on the migration decision process ”. In Migration Decision making–Multidisciplinary Approuches to Micro Level Studies in Developed and Developing Countries, Edited by:De Jong, G. F., and Gardner, R. W., 59–89. New York:Pergamon.
26. Geertz, C., 1963. Agricultural Involution:The Process of Ecological Change in Indonesia, Berkeley and Los Angeles:University of California Press.
27. Goldscheider, C., 1987. Migration and social structure:analytic issues and comparative perspectives in developing nations. Sociological Forum, 2:671–696.
28. Gunaratna, R., 1990. “ Sri Lanka:A Lost Revolution? ”. In The Inside Story of the JVP, Kandy:Institute of Fundamental Studies.
29. Gunawardena, K. A., 1982a. “ Some recent changes in the pattern of internal migration in Sri Lanka ”. In Progress 2, 7–13. Colombo.:Ministry of Plan Implementation.
30. Gunaivardena, P. J., 1982b. Poverty among labour households in a southern dry zone vil1age of Sri Lanka. Labour, Capitol and Society, 15:58–85.
31. Gunawardena R. S., 1985. Evolution of Population Policies in Sri Lanka, pp. 155–168. Kosinski L. A., Elahi K. M., (eds.) Population Redistribution and Development in South Asia. Dordrecht.
32. Herring, R. J., 1977. “ Policy and ecology in the origins of discontinuities in the land tenure system of the Hambantota District ”. In Agriculture in the Peasant Sector of Sri Lanka, Edited by:de A. Samarasinglie, S. W. R., 115–142. Peradeniya:Ceylon Studies Seminar.
33. Hettige S. T., Gunawardena L., 1985. The ideology of peasant proprietorship and agrarian policy in Sri Lanka. Unpublished paper.
34. Indraratna, A. D. V. de S., 1983. “ Migration–related policies:a study of the Sri Lanka experience ”. In State Policies and Internal Migration, Edited by:Oberai, A. S., 79–135. London.:ILO.
35. IRDP. 1993. Letter from the Integrated Rural Development Programme, Moneragala District. December 1993.
36. IRDP. 1990. “ Resource requirements and economic activities:Weeraketiya provincial secretarial division, Hambantota ”. In Report prepared by Integrated Rural Development Project office, Hambantota, Sinhala:Regional development section, Ministry of planning and plan implementation.
37. Jerve, A. M., 1992. Evaluation of Hambantota Integrated Rural Development Programme (IIIRDEP), Bergen:Chr. Michelsen Institute.
38. Kearney R. N., Miller B. D., 1984. Sex–differences in patterns of internal migration in Sri Lanka. Working Paper 44, Michigan State University.
39. Lee, S-H., 1985. Why People Intend to Move. Individual and Community–level Factors of Out–migration in the Philippines, Boulder and London:Westview Press.
40. Malmberg, G., 1988. “ Metropolitan growth and migration in Peru ”. In Geographical Reports No 9, Umeå:Dept. of Geography, University of Umeå.
41. Mondep–Moneragala District Integrated Rural Development Programme. 1989. Sri Lanka/NORAD environment study. Moneragala District Report. Kachcheri, Moneragala.
42. Moore, M., 1992. “ The Ideological History of the Sri Lankan ‘Peasantry’ ”. In Agrarian Change in Sri Lanka, Edited by:Brow, J., and Weeramunda, J., 325–356. New Delhi:Sage Publications.
43. Moore, M., 1985. The State and Peasant Politics in Sri Lanka, Cambridge:Cambridge South Asian Studies, Cambridge University Press.
44. Moore, M., 1984. “ Categorising Space:Urban–Rural or CorePeriphery in Sri Lanka ”. In Development and the Rural–Urban Divide, Edited by:Harriss, J., and Moore, M., 102–122. London:Frank Cass.
45. Moore, M. P., and Wickramssinghe, G., 1980. “ Agriculture and society in the low country –Sri Lanka ”. In ARTI Research Study Series No. 37, Colombo:Agrarian Research and Training Institute.
46. Moore, M. P., 1979. “ Weligalagoda:An ‘internal colony’ in Galle District ”. In The Disintegrating Village:Social Change in Rural Sri Lanka, Edited by:Morrison, B. M., 187–212. Colombo:Lake House.
47. Parnnwel1, M., 1993. Population Movements and the Third World, London:Routledge.
48. Perera, J., 1985. New Dimensions of Social Stratification in Rural Sri Lanka, Colombo:Lake House.
49. Ponnambalam, S., 1980. Dependent Capitalism in Crisis:The Sri Lankan Economy 1948–1980, London:Zed Press.
50. Rao, V. M., 1981. “ Planning for Rural Development ”. In The Experience of the District Integrated Rural Development Programme of Sri Lanka, Bangkok:ILO.
51. Rirseeuw, C., 1980. “ The Wrong End of the Rope ”. In Women Coir Workers in Sri Lanka, Leiden:Research Project women and development.
52. Rodgers, G., ed. 1989. Population Growth an Poverty in Rural South Asia, New Delhi, Newbury Park & London:Sage.
53. Ryan, B., 1955. The agricultural system of a Ceylon jungle village. Eastern Anthropologist, 8:151–160.
54. Shanmugaratnam, N., 1984. “ Emerging Agrarian Trends in Sri Lanka ”. In Unreal Growth, Edited by:Manh–Lan, N., Vol. 11, 666–687. Delhi:Critical Studies in Asian Development.
55. Shrestha, N. R., 1990. Landlessness and Migration in Nepal, Boulder, San Francisco & Oxford:Westview press.
56. Smith, M. Y., 1986. “ Hambantota District Sri Lanka ”. In Integrated Rural Development Programme 1979 to 1985. A Description, Colombo:NORAD.
57. Spencer, J., 1990. “ A Sinhala Villuge in a Time of Trouble ”. In Politics and Change in Rural Sri Lanka, Delhi:Oxford University Press.
58. Stokke, K., 1992. “ Dynamic growth or pauperization? Natural small–scale industries in Sri Lanka ”. In Geografi i Bergen Nr. 167, Bergen:Institutt for Geografi, Norges Handelshoyskole og Universitetet i Bergen.
59. Sorbo, G., 1957. Sri Lanka:Country Study and Norwegian Aid Review, Bergen:Centre for Development Studies, University of Bergen.
60. Vandsemb, B. H., 1995. The place of narrative in the study of Third World migration. Professiorral Geographer, 47:411–325.
61. Vandsemb B. H., 1994. Spontaneous rural in–migration in southern Sri Lanka. The attraction of Tanamalwila and migrants' choice of destination. Unpublished paper.
62. Vitebsky P., 1984. Policy dilemmas for unirrigated agriculture in southeastern Sri Lanka:a social anthropologist's report on shifting and semi–permanent cultivation in an area of Moneragala District. University of Cambridge:Centre of South Asian Studies.
63. Wickramanayake B. W. E., 1980. Economic development and regional disparities in Sri Lanka. Ceylon Studies Seminar. Conference on Post–War Economic Development of SriLanka. University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya.
64. Wood, C. H., 1982. Equilibrium and historical–structural perspectives on migration. International Migration Review, 16:295–319.
65. Woolf, L., 1953. Diaries in Ceylon 1908–1911, Dehiwala:Tisara Press. First edition 1962