The Sudbury dyke swarm and its bearing on the tectonic development of the Grenville Front, Ontario, Canada

Precambrian Research

Volumn 85, Issue 3-4, 1997, Pages 117-146

  Bethune, Kathryn M ^a  

^a QUEEN S UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

Author keywords

Deformation; Diabase dykes; Grenville Front; Metamorphism; Reorientation

Indexed keywords

DEFORMATION; DIABASE; DYKE SWARM; METAMORPHISM; TECTONIC EVOLUTION;

CANADA, ONTARIO, GRENVILLE FRONT;

EID: 0031404320     PISSN: 03019268     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/s0301-9268(96)00052-6     Document Type: Article

References (93)

1. Barooah, B.P., Bowes, D.R., 1990. Separation of early Proterozoic mafic dyke swarms by structural relationships in the Lewisian Complex, near Scourie, Scotland. In: Parker, A.J., Rickwood, P.C., Tucker, D.H. (Eds.), Mafic Dykes and Emplacement Mechanisms. Balkema, Rotterdam, pp. 507-519.
2. Beaumont, C., Quinlan, G., 1994. A geodynamic framework for interpreting crustal-scale seismic-reflectivity patterns in compressional orogens. Geophys. J. Internat. 116, 754-783.
3. Beaumont, C., Fullsack, P., Hamilton, J., Willet, S., 1992. Preliminary results from a mechanical model of the tectonics of compressive crustal deformation. In: Ross, G.M. (Ed.), Alberta Basement Transects, Workshop Report. Lithoprobe Secretariat, University of British Columbia, 28, pp. 22-61.
4. Beaumont, C., Kamp, P.P.J., Hamilton, J., Fullsack, P., 1996. The continental collision zone, South Island, New Zealand: Comparison of geodynamical models and observations. J. Geophys. Res. 101, 3333-3360.
5. Bethune, K.M., 1989. Deformation, metamorphism, diabase dykes and the Grenville Front south of Sudbury, Ontario. In: Current Research, Part C, Geol. Surv. Can. Pap., 89-1C, 19-28.
6. Bethune, K.M., 1993. Evolution of the Grenville Front southwest of Sudbury, Ontario with emphasis on the tectonic significance of the Sudbury diabase dykes. PhD thesis, Queen's University, Kingston, Ont., Canada, 263 pp.
7. Behrmann, J.H., Mainprice, D., 1987. Deformation mechanisms in a high temperature quartz-feldspar mylonite: evidence for superplastic flow in the lower continental crust. Tectonophysics 140, 297-305.
8. Bickford, M.E., Van Schmus, W.R., Zeitz, I., 1986. Proterozoic history of the mid-continent region of North America. Geology 4, 492-496.
9. Borg, I.Y., Heard, H.C., 1969. Mechanical twinning and slip in experimentally deformed plagioclases. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 23, 128-135.
10. Boullier, A.M., Gueguen, Y., 1975. S-P mylonites: origins of some mylonites by superplastic flow. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 50, 93-104.
11. Bridgwater, D., Escher, A., Watterson, J., 1973a. Dyke swarms and the persistence of major geological boundaries in Greenland. In: Park, R.G., Tarney, J. (Eds.), The Early Precambrian of Scotland and Related Rocks of Greenland. University of Keele, pp. 137-142.
12. Bridgwater, D., Escher, A., Nash, D.F., Watterson, J., 1973b. Investigations on the Nagssugtoqidian boundary between Holsteinsborg and Kangëmiut, central West Greenland. Grønlands Geol. Unders., Rapp. 55, 22-25.
13. Brodie, K.H., Rutter, E.H., 1987. The role of transiently fine-grained metamorphic reaction products in syntectonic metamorphism: natural and experimental examples. Can. J. Earth Sci. 24, 556-564.
14. Brooks, E.R., 1967. Multiple metamorphism along the Grenville Front, north of Georgian Bay, Ontario. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 78, 1267-1280.
15. Card, K.D., 1978. Metamorphism of the middle Precambrian (Aphebian) rocks of the eastern Southern Province. In: Fraser, J.A., Heywood, W.W. (Eds.), Metamorphism in the Canadian Shield. Geol. Surv. Can. Pap., 78-10, 269-282.
16. Card, K.D., Lumbers, S.B., 1977. Sudbury-Cobalt. Ontario Geol. Surv., Geological Compilation Series, Map 2361, scale 1: 253-440.
17. Clifford, P.M., 1990. Mid-Proterozoic deformational and intrusive events along the Grenville Front in the Sudbury-Killarney area, Ontario, and their implications. In: Gower, C.F., Rivers, T., Ryan, A.B. (Eds.), Mid-Proterozoic Laurentia-Baltica. Geol. Assoc. Can., Spec. Pap., 38, 335-350.
18. Cobbold, P.R., 1975. Fold propagation in single embedded layers. Tectonophysics 27, 333-351.
19. Condie, K.C., Bobrow, D.J., Card, K.D., 1987. Geochemistry of Precambrian mafic dykes from the southern Superior Province of the Canadian Shield. In: Halls, H.C., Fahrig, W.F. (Eds.), Mafic Dyke Swarms. Geol. Assoc. Can., Spec. Pap., 34, 95-108.
20. Corfu, F., Andrews, A.J., 1986. A U-Pb age for mineralized Nipissing diabase, Gowganda, Ontario. Can. J. Earth Sci. 23, 107-109.
21. Corrigan, D., Culshaw, N.G., Mortensen, J.K., 1994. Pre-Grenvillian evolution and Grenvillian overprinting of the parautochthonous belt in Key Harbour, Ontario: U-Pb and field constraints. Can. J. Earth Sci. 31, 583-596.
22. Culshaw, N.G., Corrigan, D., Drage, J., Wallace, P., 1988. Georgian Bay geological synthesis: Key Harbour to Dillon. In: Current Research, Part C, Geol. Surv. Can. Pap., 88-1C, 129-133.
23. Culshaw, N.G., Davidson, A., Nadeau, L., 1983. Structural subdivisions of the Grenville Province in the Parry Sound-Algonquin region, Ontario. In: Current Research, Part B, Geol. Surv. Can. Pap., 83-1B, 243-252.
24. Culshaw, N.G., Ketchum, J.W.F., Wodicka, N., Wallace, P., 1994. Deep crustal extension following thrusting in the southwestern Grenville Province, Ontario. Can. J. Earth Sci. 31, 160-175.
25. Davidson, A., 1986a. A New Look at the Grenville Front in Ontario. Geol. Assoc. Can., Field Trip 15, Guidebook, 31 pp.
26. Davidson, A., 1986b. Grenville Front relationships near Killarney, Ontario. In: Moore, J.M., Davidson, A., Baer, A.J. (Eds.), The Grenville Province. Geol. Assoc. Can., Spec. Pap., 31, 107-117.
27. Davidson, A., 1990. Two transects across the Grenville Front, Killarney and Tyson Lake areas, Ontario. In: Salisbury, M.H., Fountain, D.M. (Eds.), Exposed Cross Sections of the Continental Crust. NATO Advanced Science Institute, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 343-400.
28. Davidson, A., Bethune, K.M., 1988. Geology of the north shore of Georgian Bay, Grenville Province of Ontario. In: Current Research, Part C, Geol. Surv. Can. Pap., 88-1C, 135-144.
29. Davidson, A., van Breemen, O., 1988. Baddeleyite-zircon relationships in coronitic metagabbro, Grenville Province, Ontario: implications for geochronology. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 100, 291-299.
30. Davidson, A., van Breemen, O., 1994. U-Pb ages of granites near the Grenville Front. In: Radiogenic Age and Isotopic Studies, Rep. 8, Geol. Surv. Can. Pap., 1994-F, 1-8.
31. Davidson, A., van Breemen, O., Sullivan, R.W., 1992. Circa 1.75 Ga ages for plutonic rocks from the Southern Province and adjacent Grenville Province: what is the expression of the Penokean orogeny? In: Radiogenic Age and Isotopic Studies, Rep. 6, Geol. Surv. Can. Pap., 92-2, 107-118.
32. Delaney, P.T., Pollard, D.D., Ziony, J.I., McKee, E.H., 1986. Field relations between dikes and joints: emplacement processes and paleostress analysis. J. Geophys. Res. 91, 4920-4938.
33. Dudás, F.Ö., Davidson, A., Bethune, K.M., 1994. Age of the Sudbury dykes and their metamorphism in the Grenville Province. In: Radiogenic Age and Isotopic Studies, Rep. 8, Geol. Surv. Can. Pap., 1994-F, 97-106.
34. Escher, A., Escher, J.C., Watterson, J., 1975. The reorientation of the Kangâmiut dike swarm, West Greenland. Can. J. Earth Sci. 12, 158-173.
35. Escher, A., Jack, S., Watterson, J., 1976. Tectonics of the North Atlantic Proterozoic dyke swarm. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London, Ser. A. 280, 529-539.
36. Fahrig, W.F., West, T.D., 1986. Diabase Dyke Swarms of the Canadian Shield. Geol. Surv. Can., Map 1627A.
37. Fahrig, W.F., Gaucher, E.H., Larochelle, A., 1965. Paleomagnetism of diabase dykes of the Canadian Shield. Can. J. Earth Sci. 2, 278-298.
38. Frarey, M.J., 1985. Proterozoic geology of the Lake Panache Collins Inlet area. Geol. Surv. Can. Pap., 83-22, 61 pp.
39. Geological Survey of Canada, 1965. Sudbury, Ontario, Map 7067G, scale 1:253-440.
40. Grant, S.M., 1987. The Petrology and Structural Relations of Metagabbros from the Western Grenville Province, Canada. PhD thesis, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK, 208 pp.
41. Grant, S.M., 1988. Diffusion models for corona formation in metagabbros from the Western Grenville Province, Canada. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 98, 49-63.
42. Haggart, M.J., Jamieson, R.A., Reynolds, P.H., Krogh, T.E., Beaumont, C., Culshaw, N.G., 1993. Last gasp of the Grenville orogeny: thermochronology of the Grenville Front Tectonic Zone near Killarney, Ontario. J. Geol. 101, 575-589.
43. Hanmer, S., Passchier, C., 1991. Shear-Sense Indicators: A Review. Geol. Surv. Can. Pap., 90-17, 72 pp.
44. Heaman, L., Parrish, R.R., 1991. Geochronology of accessory minerals. In: Heaman, L.M., Ludden, J.N. (Eds.), Short Course on Radiogenic Isotopes. Mineral. Assoc. Can., 10, 59-102.
45. Hobbs, B.E., Means, W.D., Williams, P.F., 1976. An Outline of Structural Geology. John Wiley and Sons, New York, NY., 571 pp.
46. Hoffman, P.F., 1989. Precambrian geology and tectonic history of North America. In: Bally, A.W., Palmer, A.R. (Eds.), The geology of North America - an overview. The geology of North America, A. Geol. Soc. America, pp. 447-512.
47. Jamieson, R.A., Beaumont, C., 1989. Deformation and metamorphism in convergent orogens: a model for uplift and exhumation of metamorphic terranes. In: Daly, J.S., Cliff, R.A., Yardley, B.W.D. (Eds.), Evolution of Metamorphic Belts, Geol. Soc. London, Spec. Publ., 43, 117-129.
48. Jamieson, R.A., Culshaw, N.G., Corrigan, D., 1995. North-west propagation of the Grenville orogen: Grenvillian structures and metamorphism near Key Harbour, Georgian Bay, Ontario, Canada. J. Metamorph. Geol. 13, 185-207.
49. Jamieson, R.A., Culshaw, N.G., Wodicka, N., Corrigan, D., Ketchum, J.W.F., 1992. Timing and tectonic setting of Grenvillian metamorphism - constraints from a transect along Georgian Bay, Ontario. J. Metamorph. Geol. 10, 321-332.
50. Kamo, S.L., Krogh, T.E., Kumarapeli, P.S., 1995. Age of the Grenville dyke swarm, Ontario-Quebec: implications for the timing of Iapetan rifting. Can. J. Earth Sci. 32, 273-280.
51. Ketchum, J.W.F., Culshaw, N.G., Jamieson, R.A., 1992. Structure, metamorphism and geochronology of high grade gneiss within and adjacent to the Central Britt shear zone, Central Gneiss Belt, southwest Grenville Province. Geol. Assoc. Can., Progr. Abstr. 17, A57
52. Ketchum, J.W.F., Culshaw, N.G., Krogh, T.E., Jamieson, R.A., 1993. Late orogenic ductile extension in the middle Proterozoic Grenville orogen; an example from Ontario, Canada. In: Séranne, M., Malavieille, J. (Eds.), Late Orogenic Extension in Mountain Belts (Abstracts Volume); Doc. BRGM France, 219, 108-109.
53. Ketchum, J.W.F., Jamieson, R.A., Heaman, L.M., Culshaw, N.G., Krogh, T.E., 1994a. 1.45 Ga granulites in the Grenville Province: geologic setting, P-T conditions and U-Pb geochronology. Geology 22, 215-218.
54. Ketchum, J.W.F., Culshaw, N.G., Jamieson, R.A., 1994b. Extensional reactivation of the Allochton Boundary Thrust, southwest Grenville orogen. Geol. Assoc. Can., Progr. Abstr. 19, A56
55. Knipe, R.J., 1989. Deformation mechanisms - recognition from natural tectonites. J. Struct. Geol. 11, 127-146.
56. Korstgård, J.A., 1979. Metamorphism of the Kangâmiut dykes and the metamorphic and structural evolution of the Nagssugtoqidian boundary in the Itivdleq-Ikertôq region, West Greenland. Grønlands Geol. Unders., Rapp. 89, 63-75.
57. Korstgård, J.A., Ryan, B., Wardle, R., 1987. The boundary between Proterozoic and Archean crustal blocks in central West Greenland and northern Labrador. In: Park, R.G., Tarney, J. (Eds.), Evolution of the Lewisian and Comparable Precambrian High Grade Terrains, Geol. Soc. London, Spec. Publ., 27, 247-259
58. Krogh, T.E., 1989. U-Pb systematics of zircon and titanite in metasediments and gneisses near the Grenville Front, Ontario. Geol. Assoc. Can., Progr. Abstr. 14, A52
59. Krogh, T.E., 1994. Precise U-Pb ages for Grenvillian and pre-Grenvillian thrusting of Proterozoic and Archean metamorphic assemblages in the Grenville Front tectonic zone, Canada. Tectonics 13, 963-982.
60. Krogh, T.E., Corfu, F., Davis, D.W., Dunning, G.R., Heaman, L.M., Kamo, S.L., Machado, N., Greenhough, J.D., Nakamura, N., 1987. Precise U-Pb isotopic ages of diabase dykes and mafic to ultramafic rocks using trace amounts of baddeleyite and zircon. In: Halls, H.C., Fahrig, W.F. (Eds.), Mafic Dyke Swarms. Geol. Assoc. Can., Spec. Pap., 34, 147-152.
61. Kumarapeli, P.S., St. Seymour, K., Fowler, A., Pinston, H., 1990. The problem of the magma source of a giant, radiating dyke swarm. In: Parker, A.J., Rickwood, P.C., Tucker, D.H. (Eds.), Mafic Dykes and Emplacement Mechanisms. Balkema, Rotterdam, pp. 163-171.
62. Lumbers, S.B., 1975. Geology of the Burwash Area, Districts of Nipissing, Parry Sound and Sudbury. Ontario Div. Mines, Geol. Rep., 116, 158 pp.
63. McEachern, S.J., van Breemen, O., 1993. Age of deformation in the Central Metasedimentary Belt boundary thrust zone, southwest Grenville orogen: constraints on the collision of the Mid-Proterozoic Elzevir terrane. Can. J. Earth Sci. 30, 1155-1165.
64. McLelland, J.M., Whitney, P., 1980. Compositional controls on spinel clouding and garnet formation in plagioclase of olivine metagabbros, Adirondack Mountains, New York. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 73, 243-251.
65. Moore, J.M., 1986. Introduction: The 'Grenville Problem' then and now. In: Moore, J.M., Davidson, A., Baer, A.J. (Eds.), The Grenville Province. Geol. Assoc. Can., Spec. Pap., 31, 1-11.
66. Nadeau, L., Hanmer, S., 1992. Deep crustal, break-back stacking and slow exhumation of the continental footwall beneath a thrusted marginal basin, Grenville orogen, Canada. Tectonophysics 210, 215-233.
67. Nash, D., 1979. An interpretation of irregular dyke forms in the Itivdleq shear zone, West Greenland. Grønlands Geol. Unders., Rapp. 89, 7-83.
68. Nicolas, A., Poirier, J.P., 1976. Crystalline Plasticity and Solid-State Flow in Metamorphic Rocks. John Wiley and Sons, New York, 444 pp.
69. Park, R.G., Cresswell, D., 1973. The dykes of the Laxfordian belts. In: Park, R.G., Tarney, J. (Eds.), The Early Precambrian of Scotland and Related Rocks of Greenland. University of Keele, pp. 119-130.
70. Parrish, R.R., 1990. U-Pb dating of monazite and its application to geological problems. Can. J. Earth Sci. 27, 1431-1450.
71. Poirier, J.P., Guillopé, M., 1979. Deformation induced recrystallization of minerals. Bull. Minéral. 102, 67-74.
72. Pryer, L.L., 1993. Microstructures in feldspars from a major crustal thrust zone: the Grenville Front, Ontario, Canada. J. Struct. Geol. 15-1, 21-36.
73. Ramsay, J.G., 1967. Folding and Fracturing of Rocks. McGraw-Hill Inc., New York, 568 pp.
74. Ramsay, J.G., Huber, M.I., 1987. The Techniques of Modern Structural Geology, 2: Folds and Fractures. Academic Press, London, pp. 309-700.
75. Rivers, T., Martignole, J., Gower, C.F., Davidson, A., 1989. New tectonic divisions of the Grenville Province, southeast Canadian Shield. Tectonics 8, 63-84.
76. Rutter, E.H., 1976. The kinetics of rock deformation by pressure solution. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London, Ser. A 283, 203-219.
77. Rutter, E.H., 1983. Pressure solution in nature, theory and experiment. J. Geol. Soc. London 140, 725-740.
78. Schmid, S.M., 1982. Microfabric studies as conditions of deformation mechanisms and flow laws operative in mountain building. In: Hsu, K.J. (Ed.), Mountain Building Processes. Academic Press, London, pp. 95-110.
79. Tarney, J., 1973. The Scourie dyke suite and the nature of the Inverian event in Assynt. In: Park, R.G., Tarney, J. (Eds.), The Early Precambrian of Scotland and Related Rocks of Greenland. University of Keele, pp. 105-118.
80. Tucillo, M.E., Mezger, K., Essene, E.J., van der Pluijm, B.A., 1992. Thermobarometry, geochronology and the interpretation of P-T-t data in the Britt Domain, Ontario Grenville orogen, Canada. J. Petrol. 33, 1225-1259.
81. Tullis, J., 1983. Deformation of feldspars. In: Ribbe, P.H. (Ed.), Reviews in Mineralogy, 2, (2nd ed.). Mineral. Soc. Am, pp. 297-323.
82. Tullis, J., Yund, R.A., 1985. Dynamic recrystallization of feldspar: a mechanism for ductile shear zone formation. Geology 3, 238-241.
83. Tullis, J., Yund, R.A., 1987. Transition from cataclastic flow to dislocation creep in feldspar: mechanisms and microstructures. Geology 15, 606-609.
84. Tullis, J., Yund, R.A., 1992. The brittle-ductile transition in feldspar aggregates: an experimental study. In: Evans B., Wong, T.-F. (Eds.), Fault Mechanics and Transport Properties of Rocks. Academic Press, London, pp. 89-117.
85. van Breemen, O., Davidson, A., 1988. Northeast extension of Proterozoic terranes of mid-continental North America. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 100, 630-638.
86. van Breemen, O., Davidson, A., Loveridge, W.D., Sullivan, R.W., 1986. U-Pb zircon geochronology of Grenville tectonites, granulites and igneous precursors, Parry Sound, Ontario. In: Moore, J.M., Davidson, A., Baer, A.J. (Eds.), The Grenville Province. Geol. Assoc. Can., Spec. Pap., 31, 191-207.
87. Van Kranendonk, M.J., 1990. Structural history and geotectonic evolution of the eastern Torngat orogen in the North River map area, Labrador. In: Current Research, Part C, Geol. Surv. Can. Pap., 90-1C, 81-96.
88. Watterson, J., 1974. Investigations on the Nagssugtoqidian boundary in the Holsteinsborg district, central West Greenland. Grønlands Geol. Unders., Rapp. 65, 33-37.
89. White, S.H., Burrows, S.E., Carreras, J., Shaw, N.D., 1980. On mylonites in ductile shear zones. J. Struct. Geol. 2, 175-187.
90. White, S.H., Knipe, R.J., 1978. Microstructure and cleavage development in selected slates. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 66, 165-174.
91. Windley, B.F., 1986. Comparative tectonics of the western Grenville and western Himalaya. In: Moore, J.M., Davidson, A., Baer, A.J. (Eds.), The Grenville Province. Geol. Assoc. Can., Spec. Pap., 31, 341-348.
92. Wodicka, N., Parrish, R.R., Jamieson, R.A., Culshaw, N.G., 1994. Was the Parry Sound domain rooted in the Central Metasedimentary Belt? Geol. Assoc. Can., Progr. Abstr. 19, A120
93. Wynne-Edwards, H.R., 1972. The Grenville Province. In: Price, R.A., Douglas, R.J.W. (Eds.), Variations in Tectonic Styles in Canada. Geol. Assoc. Can., Spec. Pap., 11, 263-334