Simulation of stratospheric aerosol and gas experiment (SAGE) II cloud measurements using airborne lidar data

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres

Volumn 102, Issue 18, 1997, Pages 21795-21807

  Kent, G S ^a   Winker, D M ^b   Vaughan, M A ^b,c   Wang, P H ^a   Skeens, K M ^a  

^a SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION   (United States)

^b NASA LANGLEY RESEARCH CENTER   (United States)

^c SCIENCE APPLICATIONS INTERNATIONAL CORPORATION   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CLOUD MEASUREMENT; CLOUDS; LIDAR; OPTICAL PROPERTIES; PHOTOMETERS; SAGE; SATELLITE INSTRUMENT;

PACIFIC, (TROPICAL);

EID: 0031404314     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/97jd01390     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. Barton, I. J., Upper level cloud climatology from an orbiting satellite, J. Atmos. Sci., 40, 435-447, 1983.
2. Chiou, E. W., M. P. McCormick, W. P. Chu, and G. K. Yue, Distributions of cirrus determined from SAGE II occultation measurements between November 1984 and October 1988, paper presented at Conference on Cloud Physics, Am. Meteorol. Soc., San Francisco, Calif., July 23-27, 1990.
3. Chu, W. P., M. P. McCormick, J. Lenoble, C. Brogniez, and P. Pruvost, SAGE II inversion algorithm, J. Geophys. Res., 94, 8339-8351, 1989.
4. Hahn, C. J., S. G. Warren, J. London, R. M. Chervin, and R. Jenne, Atlas of simultaneous occurrence of cloud types over the ocean, NCAR Tech. Note TN-201+STR, 212 pp., Natl. Cent, for Atmos. Res., Boulder, Colo., 1982. (Available as PB-83-152074 from Natl. Tech. Inf. Serv., Springfield, Va.)
5. Kent, G. S., D. M. Winker, M. T. Osborn, M. P. McCormick, and K. M. Skeens, A model for the separation of cloud and aerosol in SAGE II occultation data, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 20725-20735, 1993.
6. Kent, G. S., E. W. Williams, P.-H. Wang, M. P. McCormick, and K. M. Skeens, Surface temperature related variations in tropical cirrus cloud as measured by SAGE II, J. Clim., 8, 2577-2594, 1995.
7. Liao, X., W. B. Rossow, and D. Rind, Comparisons between SAGE II and ISCCP high-level clouds, 1, Global and zonal mean cloud amounts, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 1121-1135, 1995a.
8. Liao, X., W. B. Rossow, and D. Rind, Comparisons between SAGE II and ISCCP high-level clouds, 2, Locating cloud tops, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 1137-1147, 1995b.
9. Mauldin, L. E., III, N. H. Zaun, M. P. McCormick, J. H. Guy, and W. R. Vaughan, Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment II instrument: A functional description, Opt. Eng., 24, 307-312, 1985.
10. McCormick, M. P., SAGE II: An overview, Adv. Space Res., 7(3), (3)219-(3)226, 1987.
11. McCormick, M. P., H. M. Steele, P. Hamill, W. P. Chu, and T. J. Swissler, Polar stratospheric cloud sightings by SAM II, J. Atmos. Sci., 39, 1387-1397, 1982.
12. Measures, R. M., Laser Remote Sensing, 510 pp., John Wiley, New York, 1984.
13. Platt, C. M. R., Transmission and reflectivity of ice clouds by active probing, in Clouds, Their Formation, Optical Properties and Effects, edited by P. V. Hobbs and A. Deepak, 497 pp., Academic, San Diego, Calif., 1981.
14. Sassen, K., The polarization lidar technique for cloud research: A review and current assessment, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 72, 1848-1866, 1991.
15. Stowe, L. L., H. Y. M. Yen, T. F. Eck, C. G. Wellemeyer, and H. L. Kyle, Nimbus-7 global cloud climatology, II, First year results, J. Clim., 2, 671-709, 1989.
16. Twomey, S., Comparison of constrained linear inversion and an iterative nonlinear algorithm applied to the indirect estimation of particle size distributions, J. Comput. Phys., 18, 188-198, 1975.
17. Wang, P.-H., M. P. McCormick, L. R. Poole, W. P. Chu, G. K. Yue, G. S. Kent, and K. M. Skeens, Tropical high cloud characteristics derived from SAGE II extinction measurements, Atmos. Res., 34, 53-83, 1994.
18. Wang, P.-H., P. Minnis, and G. K. Yue, Extinction coefficient (1 μm) properties of high clouds from solar occultation measurements (1985-1990): Evidence of volcanic effect, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 3181-3199, 1995a.
19. Wang, P.-H., M. P. McCormick, P. Minnis, G. S. Kent, G. K. Yue, and K. M. Skeens, A method for estimating the vertical distribution of the SAGE II opaque cloud frequency, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 243-246, 1995b.
20. Weatherburn, C. E., Mathematical Statistics, 271 pp., Cambridge Univ. Press, New York, 1952.
21. Wielicki, B. A., and L. Parker, On the determination of cloud cover from satellite sensors: The effect of sensor spatial resolution, J. Geophys. Res., 97, 12799-12823, 1992.
22. Winker, D. M., and M. A. Vaughan, Vertical distribution of clouds over Hampton, Virginia, observed by lidar under the ECLIPS and FIRE ETO programs, Atmos. Res., 34, 117-133, 1994.
23. Woodbury, G. E., and M. P. McCormick, Global distributions of cirrus clouds determined from SAGE data, Geophys. Res. Lett., 10, 1180-1183, 1983.
24. Woodbury, G. E., and M. P. McCormick, Zonal and geographical distribution of cirrus clouds determined from SAGE data, J. Geophys. Res., 91, 2775-2785, 1986.